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Biomedical subjects

H Klein

Publications and source records attributed to H Klein.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Effects of dopamine on whole kidney function and proximal transtubular volume fluxes in the rat.

The renal effects of dopamine were studied using clearance and micropuncture techniques in rats. Intravenous infusion of dopamine (4.7 - 10(-6) mol - kg-1 - h-1) increased glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow. Renal blood flow was measured by an electromagnetic flowmeter. The increase in filtered fluid and sodium was nearly completely matched by increased tubular reabsorption. Thus, only a small rise in urine flow and in urinary sodium excretion was observed. The micropuncture experiments using the split oil droplet method of Gertz demonstrated a stimulation of the transepithelial fluid transfer after injection of dopamine (10(-4) M) into the proximal tubular lumen. This effect was abolished by simultaneous injection of propranolol (10(-3) M) which, by its own, did not affect transtubular volume fluxes. It is concluded that dopamine, by stimulation of beta-adrenoceptors, may increase reabsorptive capacity of the proximal tubular epithelium independent of changes in renal hemodynamics.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Action of the competitive angiotensin II antagonist saralasin during the initial phase of glycerol-induced acute renal failure of the rat.

The effects of the competitive angiotensin II antagonist saralasin (1-sarcosine-8-alanine-5-isoleucine-angiotensin II) on renal function in healthy rats and in rats with myohemoglobinuric acute renal failure were studied. Acute renal failure was induced by an intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol (10 ml.kg-1). Functional impairment of the glycerol treated animals consisted in a decrease of renal blood flow (electromagnetic flowmeter) and GFR and in an increase of urine volume and arterial blood pressure. In healthy rats saralasin (6 microgram.kg-1.min-1 i.v.) had no renal effects by itself but antagonized the angiotensin II (200 ng.kg-1.min i.v.) induced fall of renal blood flow and GFR and the increase of arterial blood pressure. Given to glycerol treated animals saralasin did not induce any change of arterial blood pressure, renal blood flow, GFR or the urinary excretion of fluid and sodium.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1976

Renal effects of furosemide in glycerol induced acute renal failure of the rat.

The renal effects of furosemide in acute renal failure of the rat were studied using clearance and micropuncture techniques. Acute renal failure was induced by an intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol (10 ml/kg). Functional impairement of the glycerol treated animals consisted of a decrease in urinary sodium excretion, renal blood flow, total kidney GFR and effective filtration pressure of superficial nephrons. Effective filtration pressure was calculated from proximal free flow and stop flow pressure measurements. In contrast to control animals furosemide did not increase urine volume during acute renal failure due to a marked fall in GFR. Renal blood flow, as measured by an electromagnetic flowmeter, also decreased after furosemide in glycerol treated rats and increased in control animals. Furosemide reduced effective filtration pressure during acute renal failure to almost zero, whereas in control animals effective filtration pressure virtually remained constant.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1976

[Amyloidosis in familial mediterranean fever: clinical and renal-biopsy features (author's transl)].

In two Turkish female patients, aged 14 and 29 years, with familial mediterranean fever amyloidosis of the perireticular type was found. The disease was characterized by feverish bouts, abdominal colics, and joint involvements. The younger patient had the diagnosis confirmed at an early stage by renal biopsy, and under heparin and azathioprine the clinical signs, especially the nephrotic syndrome, regressed over a period of seven months. The second patient died of treatment-resistant shock in acute renal failure, due to rapidly progressing renal amyloidosis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1976

[Aggressive emperipolesis in chronic hepatitis (author's transl)].

The penetration and destruction of hepatocytes by lymphocytes (aggressive emperipolesis) has been described and examined quantitatively in biopsy specimens of chronic hepatitis. In 48 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis, the aggressive emperipolesis was rare and, obviously, not of great importance: sometimes there was no emperipolesis at all. In 36 cases of chronic aggressive hepatitis, however, emperioplesis was always evident, usually even to a very high extent.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1976

The distribution of plasma lipoproteins in middle-aged male runners.

Stimulated by increasing evidence of an inverse relationship between plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and frequency of coronary heart disease, we determined concentrations of fasting plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoproteins in 41 very active men (running greater than 15 miles/wk for the previous year) 35-59 years of age (mean age, 47) and in a comparison group of men of similar age, randomly selected from three northern California communities. The runners had significantly (p less than 0.05) decreased mean plasma triglyceride (70 versus 146 mg/100 ml), total plasma cholesterol (200 versus 210 mg/100 ml), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (125 versus 139 mg/100 ml) concentrations, and a higher mean level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (64 versus 43 mg/100 ml) than the comparison group (n equals 147 for HDL and LDL; n equals 743 for total cholesterol and triglycerides). These very active men exhibited a plasma lipoprotein profile resembling that of younger women rather tan of sedentary, middle-aged men. This characteristic, and apparently advantageous, pattern could be only partially accounted for by differences in adiposity between runners and control subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Can psychiatry police itself effectively? The experience of one district branch.

The growing demand by consumers and government for greater accountability from psychiatry is challenging the traditional system of self-policing by which the profession's standards of ethical conduct are established and maintained. The authors describe the operations of a district branch ethics committee, including types of complaints recieved, investigatory procedures, disposition of cases, and factors limiting the committee's effectiveness. They conclude that in some cases lack of funds, lack of time, and the use of peers to judge alleged misconduct make unbiased and thorough evaluation of complaints difficult. They suggest that psychiatry must take steps to improve public confidence in its ability to police itself so that the power to regulate professional conduct will remain within the profession.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1976

[Frequency-optimal pacing in chronic pacemaker therapy].

Hemodynamic studies were performed in 15 pacemaker patients at rest and during exercise by thermodilution technique and impedance cardiography. Particularly in myocardial failure, individual optimal heart rates were observed, ranging from 90 to 120/min. Mean increase of cardiac output at optimal pacing rate was 1.31/min against stimulation at 70/min. Impedance cardiography showed high correlation to thermodilution technique.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Excretion of catecholamines in relatives of patients with familial neuroblastoma.

The urinary excretion of catecholamines in 13 close relatives of two distantly related patients with congenital neuroblastoma was investigated. One of these relatives was a child with already known ganglioneuroblastoma. The catecholamines noradrenaline and dopamine were determined. Vanilmandelic acid and homovanillic acid also were determined and numerous other catecholamine metabolites were measured. In contrast to some previous reports in the literature, no pathological excretion patterns were found in the healthy family members.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Report of two extraskeletal cases (author's transl)].

After a thorough examination of the literature, two new cases of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of extraskeletal soft tissues are reported. By means of clinical and pathological survey the distinguishing findings of typical and mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, their malignancy and the differences between the skeletal and extraskeletal form are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Familial neuroblastoma: cytogenetic investigation of the peripheral blood (author's transl)].

A cytogenetic investigation was performed in a family which included 2 individuals with congenital neuroblastomas of the suprarenal gland confirmed by autopsy and one with a ganglioneuroblastoma of the thoracic wall as well as 3 other individuals with tumors which probably were also neuroblastomas. The lymphocytes of the peripheral blood of 5 healthy relatives as well as of the child with the treated ganglioneuroblastoma failed to show a constant alteration of chromosomes. In this family, therefore, the suggestion could not be proofed that the very rare familial aggregation of neuroblastomas is caused by a hereditary chromosomal aberration.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗