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Biomedical subjects

H Kitamura

Publications and source records attributed to H Kitamura.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Three Japanese families with members carrying C7 silent allele (C7*Q0). Possibility for an association between C7*Q0 and C6*B.

Three Japanese families with members carrying C7 silent allele(s) (C7*Q0) are presented. C6 types in the family members were also examined, and it was found that C7*Q0 was transmitted from a parent to offsprings as a haplotype, C7*Q0-C6*B. In another study of C6 types in sera from 3 volunteer blood donors with homozygous C7 deficiencies, the C6 phenotypes were found to be C6 B (homozygote). It seems remarkable that C7*Q0 can be associated with C6*B.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

Studies on the formation of a unique cellular intermediate (EAC14256) from EAC142 and C56.

The binding reaction of C56 to EAC142 was studied. The following was observed: (1) C56 can bind to EAC142, without participation of C3 or C7, to form EAC14256; (2) the efficiency of EAC14256 formation from EAC142 and C56 depends highly on the ionic strength of the buffer; (3) EAC14256, generated from EAC142 and C56, decays spontaneously by elution of C56 into the medium and thus the reaction between C56 and EAC142 is reversible; (4) the receptor on EAC142 for C56 is C2 or C42 on the cell surface, and (5) the binding of C56 to C2 or C42 on cells is independent of the usual (C3-dependent) complement cascade activation. These observations, together with the results of our previous report, indicate that the binding of C56, generated from the activation of C5 by C42 (without C3), to EAC142 may be the initial step of membrane attack complex formation in C3-independent immune hemolysis.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1988

[Transmitral blood flow velocity patterns evaluated by pulsed Doppler echocardiography in diagnosing transient myocardial ischemia].

To evaluate the influences of transient myocardial ischemia on transmitral blood flow velocity patterns, pulsed Doppler echocardiography was performed during coronary artery occlusion in 10 anesthetized open-chest dogs, and also during esophageal pacing or the administration of dipyridamole in 79 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and in 19 control subjects. During occlusion of the coronary artery, an abrupt decrease in the peak velocity of the rapid filling wave (R) was noted within one min simultaneously with rapid decrease of % wall thickening in the ischemic regions. The peak velocity of atrial filling was augmented compensatorily. Although the transmitral blood flow velocity pattern did not change in the controls with esophageal pacing, changes similar to those which were obtained during experimental studies were demonstrated in CAD patients. There were no significant differences between transmitral blood flow velocity patterns of patients with multivessel disease and those with single vessel disease. Ischemic changes in transmitral blood flow velocity patterns were not demonstrated in patients with mitral regurgitation. Sublingual nitroglycerin normalized post-pacing abnormal blood flow velocity patterns. In contrast, after the intravenous administration of 0.56 mg/kg of dipyridamole, R and A were increased and the A/R ratio was unchanged both in CAD patients and the control groups. Deceleration time, or the half time, was prolonged during both provocation tests in CAD patients, and these changes were transient and were restored within several min. Furthermore, they were noted more frequently than was the development of ST depression on ECG, or chest pain. These findings indicate that the transmitral blood flow velocity patterns obtained by pulsed Doppler echocardiography are useful for detecting transient myocardial ischemia, though they have limitations in diagnosing the extent of coronary artery disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Formation of the tooth enamel rod pattern and the cytoskeletal organization in secretory ameloblasts of the rat incisor.

The localization of actin, myosin, tropomyosin, alpha-actinin, vinculin, and desmoplakin I/II was visualized by immunofluorescence microscopy. Antibodies against myosin, tropomyosin, and alpha-actinin and rhodamine-phalloidin labeled strongly the proximal and distal terminal webs which ultrastructurally consist of dense microfilament bundles. In the distal terminal web, the staining by these reagents occurred mostly perpendicular to the long axis of the incisor. Antivinculin stained the general area where the distal terminal web is located in the ameloblast. Anti-desmoplakin I/II labeled the junctional area associated with the proximal and distal terminal webs. The anti-desmoplakin staining was stronger along the cell border perpendicular to the long axis of the incisor. Comparison of the rhodamine-phalloidin staining pattern of the distal terminal web and the enamel secretion pattern by ameloblasts revealed that a change in the distal terminal web staining pattern preceded a change in the secretion pattern. These observations suggest that the cytoskeletal organization in the ameloblast is involved in the formation of the enamel matrix pattern in the rat incisor.

Actins↗
PubMed1988

[A case of secondary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder].

A case of secondary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder is presented. Clinical diagnosis was metastatic small cell carcinoma in urinary bladder. Pathological diagnosis after autopsy, however, revealed vesical involvement of malignant lymphoma. The primary focus was considered to be the lung, the biopsy specimen of which was initially diagnosed as small cell carcinoma, because clinical manifestation first occurred in the lung and the metastasis to subcutaneous tissue, bladder and other abdominal organs was found subsequently. In a study of secondary involvement of genitourinary organs as seen in the present case, we reviewed 303 patients who had died of malignant lymphoma at our institute between 1960 and 1985.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of glycerol treatment on pulmonary lipid metabolism in mice.

In this study, we demonstrated that glycerol treatment caused the alterations of pulmonary lipid compositions in ddY mice. The increases of total phospholipid (TPL), diacylglyceride (DG), phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) + phosphatidylglycerol (PG) contents in the lung were observed by oral administration of 5% glycerol in drinking water for 2 weeks. However, other pulmonary lipid components measured in this study were almost unchanged by this treatment. These results suggest that glycerol treatment might induce changes of pulmonary lipid metabolism in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The mechanism of carbon tetrachloride induced pulmonary Clara cell damage: biochemical and morphologic studies.

In our present study, we have shown the different damages among pulmonary drug metabolizing systems and selective lesions of the pulmonary Clara cells in mice treated with carbon tetrachloride. Concerning with the inhibition degrees of pulmonary drug metabolizing systems, the inhibition of coumarin hydroxylase activity was the severest in this experiment. Moreover, at the in vitro carbon tetrachloride exposure study to estimate carbon tetrachloride metabolizing capacity, the severe degradation of coumarin hydroxylase activity was observed, while 7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activities only showed slight degradations by carbon tetrachloride treatment. From these results, it is suggested that cytochrome P-450 form which catalyzes coumarin hydroxylation may highly localize in the Clara cell and have carbon tetrachloride metabolizing activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A case of prostatic carcinoma with osteolytic bone metastases].

A 55-year-old man consulted us on December 3, 1986 with the chief complaints of left leg pain, disturbance in gait and dysuria. On digital rectal examination his prostate was found enlarged to a hen's egg size and increased in consistency. He was admitted to the hospital under the suspicion of prostatic cancer on December 8, 1986. Scout kidney-ureter-bladder X-ray revealed extensive osteolytic lesions in the left iliac and pubic bones as well as in the sacrum. Needle biopsy of the prostate demonstrated moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, leading to a diagnosis of prostatic cancer with osteolytic bone metastases. Bone scintigraphy showed increased radioactivity uptake by the left iliac and pubic bones. Pelvic CT disclosed large tumor masses in the left ilium and sacrum, which on bone biopsy were identified as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Endocrine therapy with estramustinphosphate and castration was performed along with transurethral resection of prostate. At week 16 after initiating the therapeutic regimen the patient was entirely free from disturbance in gait and the tumor mass of the left iliac bone had disappeared almost completely on the computed tomogram at week 18, although osteolytic lesions still persisted on the x-ray. This case deserves special note because endocrine therapy markedly reduced the size of the bone tumors, in spite of osteolytic bone metastases of prostatic cancer with computed tomographic evidence of large metastatic tumor masses.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Value of exercise echocardiography in evaluating left ventricular systolic function in mitral stenosis].

Exercise echocardiography was performed for 34 patients with mitral stenosis (MS) to evaluate left ventricular (LV) systolic function. The patients were categorized in three groups according to the work loads attained: Group I, 14 patients who attained 25 watts; Group II, 10 patients, 50 watts; and Group III, 10 patients, 75 watts. Among these groups, there were no statistical differences between the resting echocardiographic LV systolic function and their cardiac catheterization data. Resting LV end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions (EDD and ESD) did not differ by group. During exercise, EDD and ESD decreased significantly in all groups, but ESD at the maximum exercise in Group I was greater than those of the other groups. The percent fractional shortening of the left ventricle (%FS) decreased significantly with exercise in Group I, while it increased significantly in the other groups. The mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (mean Vcf) increased significantly in all groups, but the extent was least in Group I. The exercise-induced changes in %FS (delta %FS) and mean Vcf (delta mean Vcf) correlated closely with exercise duration (r = 0.80, r = 0.73), but this was not the case in the mitral valve area. Postoperatively, exercise echocardiography was also performed for 14 patients with mitral stenosis; two of seven patients in Group I, four of five in Group II, and two in Group III showed significant improvement in exercise tolerance after surgery. However, the other six patients showed no change in their exercise tolerance. The former patients had positive values in delta %FS and more than 0.5 circ/sec in delta mean Vcf during pre-operative evaluations, while except one patient, those who did not improve had negative delta %FS values and less than 0.5 circ/sec in delta mean Vcf. It was concluded that the change in LV systolic function during exercise echocardiography reflects LV functional reserve in patients with MS, and provides valuable information for evaluating the severity of, indications for and benefits from surgery for MS.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1988

Factor B subtypes in Japanese patients with IgA nephropathy and with idiopathic membranous nephropathy.

The present paper describes a method of subtyping of properdin factor B (BF) using polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting, and the distribution of BF subtypes in Japanese patients with IgA nephropathy or idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) along with controls. BF*F allele was splitted into two suballeles, named BF*FA and BF*FB. There were significant differences in the BF suballele frequencies between the IMN patient group and the control group. A significant association of IMN with the BF FA subtype (p less than 0.05) and with the BF FB subtype (p less than 0.001) was also found. BF*FB may be a susceptibility suballele to IMN rather than BF*FA.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Microtubules, intermediate filaments, and actin filaments in the odontoblast of rat incisor.

Actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules in the odontoblasts of rat incisors were investigated electron microscopically using heavy meromyosin and taxol. Actin filaments were abundant at the periphery of the odontoblast process in the form of a network or in bundles. In a branch of the odontoblast process, longitudinally oriented actin filament bundles were found. Most actin filaments were associated with the plasma membrane via electron-dense material which stained with tannic acid. The intermediate filaments had a diameter of 11 to 13 nm. They were distributed throughout the cytoplasm of odontoblasts. They ran lengthwise in the core of the odontoblast process, which showed a different distribution compared with that of actin filaments. Microtubules, which were disrupted after Triton X-100 but preserved by addition of taxol, tended to be associated with intermediate filaments. Such a relation was also seen in conventional preparations. Coated vesicles, which were abundant at the periphery of the odontoblast process, were often associated with actin filaments. Therefore, it is suggested that actin filaments, in the odontoblast process at least, play a role associated with the coated vesicles at the periphery of the process, and may be involved in coated vesicle transport.

Actins↗
PubMed1987

Cholinergic traits in rat mandibular processes observed by electron microscopy.

Cholinergic traits in rat mandibular processes were examined histochemically, under the electron microscope, at early developmental stages (Stages 20 to 23, by Christie's nomenclature). The histochemical reaction for detection of enzymes was performed by the thiocholine method. Nonspecific cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) activity was found in ectomesenchymal cells, vascular endothelial cells, and in some epidermal cells at stages 20 and 21. The enzymatic activity was localized in the perinuclear and endoplasmic reticular cisternae. At stage 22, the number of cells with enzymatic activity decreased gradually, except in the case of the capillary endothelial cells. At stage 23, when the trigeminal nerve fiber was obvious in the mandibular processes, nonspecific cholinesterase activity was restricted to some of the endothelial cells and trigeminal ganglionic cells. In contrast, acetylcholinesterase activity was found on the membrane of trigeminal nerve fiber. Thus, the transient, nonspecific, cholinesterase activity, found in rat mandibular processes, may serve some functions in transmission, lipid metabolism or destruction of toxic cholinesters during the period that precedes organogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Coexistence of pancreas divisum and intestinal malrotation in a patient with cholecystolithiasis--a case report.

An unusual case of a coexistence of pancreas divisum and intestinal malrotation in a patient with cholecystolithiasis is described herein. The diagnosis of pancreas divisum was established by endoscopic retrograde pancreatography, and the intestinal malrotation was diagnosed by duodenography and barium enema. An operation was performed for the cholecystolithiasis. The pancreas was soft, and its shape was almost normal. Cholecystectomy and prophylactic appendectomy were performed, however nothing was done to the pancreas.

Cecum↗
PubMed1987

Secondary involvement of genitourinary organs in malignant lymphoma.

We examined 322 patients who had died of malignant lymphoma at our institute between 1958 and 1985 in order to study secondary involvement of genitourinary organs (GUO). Secondary involvement of GUO was more common in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) than in Hodgkin's disease. The most commonly affected GUO was the kidney, which was secondarily involved in 121 out of 322 patients (37.6%). The adrenal gland was the second most commonly affected organ: 58 cases (18%) were affected by the disease and 40 of them were associated with renal involvement. Third and fourth were the urinary bladder (8.4%) and the testis (5.9%). Secondary involvement of the bladder in NHL was often accompanied with that of other GUO. Next, the relationship between metastases and histological characteristics in NHL was investigated. However, no significant correlation proved to exist between histological grade and metastases to the GUO.

Hodgkin Disease↗
PubMed1987

In vitro analysis of multistage carcinogenesis.

Several key events in the multistep process of neoplastic transformation of rat tracheal epithelium (RTE) are described. Whether tracheal epithelium is exposed in vivo to carcinogenic agents or whether primary tracheal epithelial cells are exposed in vitro to carcinogens, initiated stem cells can be detected soon after the exposure by their ability to grow under selective conditions in culture. These initiated stem cells differ fundamentally from normal stem cells in their response to factors normally constraining proliferation and self-renewal. Thus, disruption of inhibitory control mechanisms of stem cell replication appears to be the first event in RTE cell transformation. While the probability of self-renewal (PSR) is clearly increased in initiated stem cells, most of the descendants derived from such stem cells differentiate and become terminal and do not express transformed characteristics. Progression from the first to the second stage of RTE cell transformation, the stage of the immortal growth variant (IGV), is characterized by loss of responsiveness to the growth-restraining effects of retinoic acid. In the third stage of neoplastic transformation, the stage during which neoplastic growth variants (NGV) appear, a growth factor receptor gene is inappropriately expressed in some of the transformants. Thus, it appears that loss of growth-restraining mechanisms may be an early event, and activation of a growth stimulatory mechanism a late event, in neoplastic transformation of RTE cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Morphologic alteration of mouse Clara cells induced by glycerol: ultrastructural and morphometric studies.

In our studies on activation of the Clara cell by biological substances and its relationship to pulmonary carcinogenesis, we found that large doses of glycerol induced drastic morphologic changes selectively in the Clara cell among distal airway epithelial cells in ddY mice. Subcutaneous injection of glycerol (7.2 g/Kg body weight) caused cytoplasmic edema with disruption of endoplasmic reticulum membranes at 1 and 3 hours, followed by hyperplasia of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) at 12 and 24 hours. Concentric lamination of SER was observed at 48 and 96 hours. Oral administration of 5% glycerol in drinking water for 2 to 8 weeks induced more conspicuous hyperplasia and hypertrophy of SER in the Clara cells. Electron microscopic morphometry revealed a 3-fold increase in the profile area of SER in the Clara cells of the animals at 2 and 8 weeks. Both the profile area and the number of secretory granules increased significantly at 2 and 8 weeks, and those of mitochondria tended to increase with time of glycerol treatment. In both experiments, the mitochondria of the Clara cells exhibited marked elongation and distortion of the contour associated with appearance of prominent cristae. These results suggest that large doses of glycerol induce marked alteration in the functional activity of the mouse Clara cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Transmitral flow patterns during acute coronary artery occlusion: experimental and clinical evaluations by pulsed Doppler echocardiography].

To evaluate left ventricular diastolic properties during acute myocardial ischemia, transmitral flow patterns were analyzed by two-dimensional pulsed Doppler echocardiography. In a preliminary study of transient coronary artery occlusion in anesthetized open-chest dogs, the following results were obtained: decreased peak velocity of rapid filling, prolonged rapid filling period, and compensatory increase in the peak velocity of atrial filling. These changes occurred nearly concomitantly with decreased cardiac output, elevated left atrial and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures, and decreased left ventricular systolic pressures. With reperfusion of the coronary artery, these parameters rapidly returned to the base line values. In acute and transient myocardial ischemia induced by intracoronary balloon inflation during therapeutic percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in man, similar changes in these parameters were observed, and the changes were more marked in PTCA for the left anterior descending artery as compared with that of the right coronary artery. In conclusion, noninvasive two-dimensional pulsed Doppler echocardiography is of practical use in evaluating deterioration of the diastolic function of the left ventricle during acute and transient myocardial ischemia.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗