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Biomedical subjects

H Kitagawa

Publications and source records attributed to H Kitagawa.

717 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Establishment of a rapid bone resorption in vitro assay using previously frozen mouse unfractionated bone cells pretreated with parathyroid hormone.

We established a useful assay system for evaluating osteoclast-mediated bone resorption based on the use of unfractionated bone cells obtained from 10- to 11-day-old mice. When cells from 10 to 11 mice were treated for 7 days with rat parathyroid hormone (rPTH, 10(-8) M), a total of 4 to 5 x 10(7) cells could be obtained from the culture by treatment with 0.05% trypsin and 0.02% EDTA in PBS. These harvested cells contained about 20% tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive mononuclear cells. When the harvested cells were cultured on dentine slices without rPTH, after 1 day, they formed TRAP-positive multinucleate cells that were active in bone resorption. Eel calcitonin (eCT) decreased the number of pits in a dose-dependent manner, and its half maximal inhibition dose (ID50) was 1.08 x 10(-11) M. Even after having been frozen in liquid nitrogen for 5 months, upon thawing, these cells were capable for forming pits; and this pit formation was inhibited by eCT. Since no appropriate osteoclastic cell line for evaluating bone resorption is available at present, this system can provide a useful, practical means for assaying osteoclastic bone-resorbing activity.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plus/minus screening of rabbit corneal endothelial cDNA library.

Plus/minus screening of the rabbit corneal cDNA library was performed using corneal and iris RNA as probes. Thirteen clones were isolated: three ferritin H-chains, a NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase B22 subunit, an alpha 1 type VIII collagen, a 25 KDa FKBP-506 binding protein (FKBP25), a thrombospondin 2, and six unknown clones. Although proteins translocated from these isolated mRNA are not corneal specific, they play an important role in the cornea. None of the isolated known mRNAs maps to chromosome 1, 16, or 20. These clones, thrombospondin excepted, were not observed in the high frequency clones in the profile of the aortic endothelial cDNA library.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polymer-supported glyoxylate and alpha-imino acetates. Versatile reagents for the synthesis of alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid and alpha-amino acid libraries.

Polymer-supported glyoxylate.monohydrate (3) and alpha-imino acetates (7) have been readily prepared from chloromethylated resin via two or three steps. The ene reactions of 3 with alkenes were successfully performed in the presence of Yb(OTf)3 (50 mol %) to afford, after cleavage from the polymer support, the corresponding alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid esters in good yields. The reactions of 7 with silyl enolates, Danishefsky's diene, and alkenes also proceeded smoothly in the presence of Sc(OTf)3 (20 mol %) to give the corresponding alpha-amino acid, pyridone, and tetrahydroquinoline derivatives, respectively, in good yields.

Acetates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postnatal follow-up of hydronephrosis detected by prenatal ultrasound: the natural history.

Babies with hydronephrosis detected antenatally who were born at or referred to our hospital from 1990 to 1995 were followed up with ultrasound (U/S), micturating cystourethrogram (MCU) or nuclear medicine studies after birth. One hundred and three patients were diagnosed antenatally at 17-42 weeks gestation. Twelve cases were excluded from the analysis of the results because of incomplete data. Fifty-one (56%) patients had hydronephrosis without organic obstruction, and 80% of these became normal in 3 years. Fifteen patients (17%) had a normal scan 4 days after birth. This suggests the possibility of antenatal spontaneous regression. Seven (8%) had a ureterocele and 4 (5%) had pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction. Four (5%) had vesicoureteric reflux, and 4 (5%) had primary megaureter. Two (2%) had posterior urethral valves (PUV), 3 (3%) had refluxing primary megaureter, and 1 (1%) had urethral atresia. Fifteen patients (17%) underwent surgical intervention. Six had a nephrectomy, 1 a vesicostomy, 3 an Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty, 3 had the ureterocele unroofed, 1 had a ureteric reimplant, and 1 ablation of valves. In 42 infants with 60 abnormal kidneys, the renal anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis was measured. Retrospectively, 48 kidneys diagnosed as having hydronephrosis, antenatally had a renal pelvis diameter > or = 4 mm before 33 weeks gestation or > or = 7 mm after 33 weeks gestation. One patient with PUJ obstruction lost kidney function, but there is no good marker to detect these patients. Early unroofing of ureteroceles may rescue kidney function. Our follow-up protocol for antenatal hydronephrosis is U/S at 4 days, 1 month and 1 year of age. An MCU is not required unless the ureter is seen on antenatal U/S. If dilatation persists past 1 month, a radionucleotide (MAG3) scan and repeat U/S are performed at 3 months. The methods for assessing obstruction and the indications for surgical intervention in these patients require reexamination.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative effects of piroxicam and esculetin on incidence, proliferation, and cell kinetics of mammary carcinomas induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rats on high- and low-fat diets.

We investigated the effects of piroxicam, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and esculetin, a lipoxygenase inhibitor, on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female rats. Seven days after receiving a 5-mg dose of DMBA, rats were fed either a high-fat (20% soybean oil) or low-fat (0.5% soybean oil) diet. One third of the rats received diets containing 0.01% piroxicam and one third received diets containing 0.03% esculetin. Esculetin significantly inhibited mammary tumorigenesis and tumor proliferation in the rats fed the high-fat and the low-fat diets. Piroxicam had no inhibitory effect. Our findings indicate that DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis is affected by lipoxygenase products rather than by cyclooxygenase products.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subtotal peritonectomy with chemohyperthermic peritoneal perfusion for peritonitis carcinomatosa in gastrointestinal cancer.

Treatment for peritonitis carcinomatosa in gastrointestinal cancer remains to be established though it is one of the commonest causes of cancer death. Subtotal peritonectomy (SP) with chemohyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) was developed for the new therapeutic strategy for peritoneal dissemination in gastrointestinal cancer in our department. SP includes resection of stomach, colon, small bowel, spleen, gall bladder, and parietal peritoneum. CHPP was carried out by heated saline containing 25 mg/l cisplatin, 10 mg/l mitomycin C, and 20 mg/l etoposide. Intraperitoneal temperature was maintained at 42 degrees C for 60 min. Fifteen gastric cancer and three colon cancer patients with severe peritoneal dissemination underwent these procedures. The averages of operating time, intraoperative bleeding volume, and total perioperative transfused blood volume were 9 h, 4400 ml, and 5600 ml, respectively. The patients estimated as complete resection and residual disease by histopathological study numbered 11 and 7. There was no treatment-related deaths though bleeding occurred in 5 patients; perforation in 2 patients; and abscesses in 2 patients. The 1-year survival rate (1ysr) and the 2-year survival rate (2-ysr) of all the patients were 57% and 21%, respectively. The 1-ysr and the 2-ysr of the patients who underwent complete resection were 67% and 40% significantly greater than the 43% and 0% of the patients who had residual tumors (p=0.02). The combination therapy of SP and CHPP is feasible in spite of its morbidity and has great possibilities in complete resection of peritoneal dissemination and prolongation of patient's survival.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction without bile duct dilatation in gallbladder cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction is a rare anomaly but is a risk factor for primary carcinoma of the gallbladder. To define the relationship between anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction, especially if it is not associated with common bile duct dilatation, and gallbladder carcinoma, we retrospectively reviewed data of 126 patients with gallbladder carcinoma. METHODOLOGY: All these patients had undergone direct cholangiography either by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. RESULTS: Among 126 patients with gallbladder cancer, 23 patients (18.3%) exhibited anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction. Patients with anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction were younger (mean age: 54 +/- 9.1 years) than patients without anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction (mean age: 65 +/- 9.7 years). The incidence of gallstones in patients with anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction (17%) was significantly lower than in those without this anomaly (64%) (P < 0.01). Among the 23 patients with anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction, 12 patients (52%) had no bile duct dilatation and, 11 patients (48%) had bile duct dilatation in the form of fusiform or cylindrical dilatation. However, no cases with severe cystic dilatation were found. Patients of anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction without common bile duct dilatation had more advanced disease and poor prognosis than those with common bile duct dilatation. CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed that gallbladder cancer in the patients of anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction without common bile duct dilatation was diagnosed at advanced stage and the prognosis was very poor. Therefore, if a minor abnormality is detected in the wall of acalculous gallbladder on ultrasonography, direct cholangiography should be done to exclude this anomaly.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Obstruction due to persimmon bezoars: computed tomography detection.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Small-bowel obstructions caused by persimmon bezoars are uncommon, and the diagnosis is difficult before operation. The aim of this study was to present computed tomography findings of persimmon bezoars in the small bowel. METHODOLOGY: We reviewed 3 cases diagnosed with small-bowel obstruction caused by persimmon bezoars between April 1997 and March 1999 at Chikamori Hospital. RESULTS: The cause of the small-bowel obstruction was bezoars in the 3 patients. Abdominal computed tomography performed before operation revealed a well-defined, intraluminal inhomogeneous mottled mass containing gas bubbles. CONCLUSIONS: Computed tomography is useful for diagnosing obstructed small-bowel persimmon bezoars.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation of serotype 2 Marek's disease virus from birds belonging to genus Gallus in Japan.

Serotype 2 of Marek's disease virus (MDV) was isolated from apparently healthy birds belonging to genus Gallus that had no history of vaccination with MDV or herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT). Buffy-coat cells from these birds were inoculated onto chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cultures for primary isolation. Thirteen isolates from one golden pheasant and three white silky fowls, three black silky fowls, three Japanese long crowers, and three Japanese bantams produced herpes-like cytopathic effects (CPE) in the CEF cultures. Using serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies to MDV and HVT, 11 isolates were identified as serotype 2 MDV by indirect fluorescent antibody tests. The other two isolates were complicated with serotypes 1 and 3 of MDV-related viruses. Of 13 isolates, three cloned by the limiting-dilution method were further characterized as serotype 2 MDV biologically, genetically, and serologically. The results showed that the birds of the genus Gallus were naturally infected with serotype 2 MDV. This is the first report ever published about the distribution of serotype 2 MDV among healthy birds of the genus Gallus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distal pancreatectomy--does it have a role for pancreatic body and tail cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Pancreatic resection is the only hope for clinical improvement for patients with carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. However, it is unclear whether palliative pancreatic resection is effective or not for patients with carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. METHODOLOGY: To determine the appropriate treatment for patients with pancreatic body and tail cancer, we analyzed the records of 74 patients with ductal carcinoma of the body or tail of the pancreas who were treated at Kanazawa University Hospital between 1970 and 1995. RESULTS: Using a multivariate Cox proportional-hazard model (factors: age, sex, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hepatic metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, operative procedure), the presence of hepatic metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, and the type of operative procedures (resection or not) were found to be significant prognostic factors. Surgical resection was the most important prognostic factor. The patients with surgical resection had a significantly higher survival rate than those without resection (p < 0.0001). The survival rate of the patients with palliative resections was also significantly higher than that of the patients without resection, except for the patients with advanced liver metastasis (H3). The survival rate of the patients with palliative resections was also higher than that of the patients without resection, even in patients with peritoneal dissemination. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical resection prolongs the average survival for patients with carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas, except for the patients with multiple liver metastasis. These data support the role of palliative pancreatectomy in patients with carcinoma of the body and tail pancreas.

Adult↗