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Biomedical subjects

H Kitagawa

Publications and source records attributed to H Kitagawa.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Relationship between pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary thromboembolism associated with dead worms in canine heartworm disease.

To examine effects of thromboemboli due to dead worms on pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), 20 to 50 dead heartworms were inserted into the pulmonary arteries of 4 heartworm uninfected dogs (uninfected group) and 11 dogs infected with heartworms (infected group). In the uninfected group, the mean PAP rose 1 week after worm insertion (10.9 to 166. mmHg), but it recovered by the 4th week. Clinical signs, hemodynamics and blood gas findings also deteriorated at the 1st week, but recovered at the 4th week. Angiographic and pathological findings indicated that blood flow recovered through the spaces between thromboemboli and vessel walls at the 4th week. The infected dogs were divided into three groups. In the infected-I group (5 dogs), the intimal lesions of the pulmonary arteries were slight, and clinical and laboratory findings showed changes similar to those of the uninfected group. In the infected-II group (4 dogs), the pulmonary arterial lesions were severe and the mean PAP was higher (25.7 mmHg) than in the uninfected group before worm insertion. An increase in PAP (34.1 mmHg) and worsening of clinical and laboratory findings were noticed till the 4th week. Thromboemboli adhered extensively to the vessel walls. Two dogs in the infected-III group died of severe dyspnea on the 9th and 10th day, and the mean PAP rose remarkably at the 1st week (from 19.4 to 28.2 mmHg). Severe pulmonary parenchymal lesions with edema or perforation were observed. From the above results, it was clarified that effects of dead worms on PAP and clinical signs depended on the severity of pulmonary arterial lesions before worm insertion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A case of adult onset hypophosphatemic vitamin D resistant osteomalacia].

A case of adult onset hypophosphatemic vitamin D resistant osteomalacia is described. A 40-year-old female who complained of thorax and lumbar pain and gait disturbance was admitted to our hospital on 7 November, 1988. The patient had hypophosphatemia with normal plasma calcium, parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 concentrations, but had decreased tubular reabsorption of phosphate and decreased plasma 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 concentrations. The iliac crest bone biopsy showed osteomalacic changes. The 99mTc-MDP bone scintigram showed evidence of increased bone turnover with raised plasma alkaline phosphatase concentrations. After treatment with oral 1 alpha-hydroxy vitamin D3 (3-6 micrograms/day) and intravenous or oral phosphate supplement (0.47-1.74g/day), the subjective and clinical findings improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Expression of the Tn antigen on T-lymphoid cell line Jurkat.

Expression of the Tn antigen on a T-lymphoid cell line, Jurkat, was investigated using an anti-Tn monoclonal antibody, MLS 128. Immunoprecipitation or immunoaffinity chromatography of a lysate of Jurkat cells led to the isolation of a 120 kDa glycoprotein carrying the Tn antigen. This glycoprotein and leukosialin (CD43) were indistinguishable on SDS-PAGE and as to immunoreactivity with MLS 128. Leukosialin from an erythroid cell line, K562, exhibited no reactivity with MLS 128 despite that this leukosialin has several GalNAc alpha-Ser(Thr) structures. Pulse-chase experiments with the Jurkat leukosialin showed that newly synthesized leukosialin acquired the antigenecity after a lag of about 30 min, whereas incorporation of GalNAc into the leukosialin occurred earlier. These results indicate that the Tn antigen is expressed on leukosialin and that its epitopic structure is more complex than GalNAc alpha-Ser(Thr).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of mucin-type oligosaccharides with the sialyl-Le(a) structure from human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.

Oligosaccharides with the sialyl-Le(a) structure have been isolated on an affinity column of a monoclonal antibody, MSW 113, from mucin-type glycoproteins derived from the surfaces of SW 1116 and LS 180 cells, and their secretions. The oligosaccharides were polydisperse with respect to molecular size, the oligosaccharides derived from glycoproteins in culture media being larger than those in cell lysates, as assessed by gel filtration. Some of the oligosaccharides were susceptible to degradation by endo-beta-galactosidase (E. freundii), as judged from the change in the gel filtration pattern. These results indicate that oligosaccharides with the sialyl-Le(a) structure derived from mucin-type glycoproteins produced by human colonic cancer cells are extremely large in size and complex in structure, and that some of them contain the poly-N-acetyllactosamine structure.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Elucidation of an essential structure recognized by an anti-GalNAc alpha-Ser(Thr) monoclonal antibody (MLS 128).

To determine the epitopic structure for an anti-GalNAc alpha-Ser(Thr) (anti-Tn) monoclonal antibody, MLS 128, asialo-ovine submaxillary mucin was digested with various proteases, and the digests were fractionated by immunoaffinity column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. From the tryptic digest, a glycopeptide, GP-I, and five other glycopeptides, GP-1-5, were obtained as bound and unbound fractions, respectively, of the immunoaffinity column. By solid phase radioimmunoassaying, it was found that GP-I was strongly immunoreactive, whereas GP-1-5 were poorly immunoreactive. On treatment with V8 protease, GP-I was converted to two glycopeptides, one with poor reactivity and the other with intermediate reactivity. From the thermolysin digest, the smallest fragment, GP-II, was isolated, which was as strongly immunoreactive as GP-I. GP-II corresponded to a part of GP-I, its sequence being Leu-Ser*-Glu-Ser*-Thr*-Thr*-Gln-Leu-Pro-Gly, where asterisks denote amino acids to which an alpha-GalNAc residue is attached. Other anti-Tn monoclonal antibodies, NCC-LU-35 and CA 3239, showed essentially the same reactivity to these glycopeptides as MLS 128 did. The glycopeptides (GP-1-5), which exhibited poor immunoreactivity, contained various GalNAc-containing structures, such as GalNAc-Ser, GalNAc-Thr, GalNAc-Ser-(GalNAc)-Ser, and GalNAc-Thr-(GalNAc)-Thr. These results indicate that a glycopeptide including a cluster structure, Ser*-Thr*-Thr*, is an essential part of the epitope recognized by anti-Tn antibodies.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Malignant melanoma arising in a dermoid cyst of the ovary.

Autopsy findings of primary malignant melanoma arising in an ovarian dermoid cyst in an 86-year-old woman are presented. The right ovary was replaced by a dermoid cyst, 14 x 9 x 9 cm in size, in which several nodular tumors with diameters less than 3.2 cm were localized. They comprised diffusely proliferating anaplastic cells with prominent nucleoli. Some of them contained melanin pigments in the cytoplasm. The tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein and ultrastructurally showed melanosomes. In addition, several benign pigmented lesions resembling dermal nevus, pigmented schwannoma, or cellular blue nevus were present in the dermoid cyst, one of which contained a malignant melanomatous component. Histologic transition between benign and malignant components and the presence of another small focus of atypical melanocytes in the benign lesion suggested that the malignant melanoma arose in close association with the previously existing benign pigmented lesions in the dermoid cyst.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Induction of antigen-specific immune response with use of anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies to anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibodies.

Anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) were prepared in a syngeneic system against anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) MoAb 5B3 (IgG1), which reacted with a carbohydrate moiety on CEA, and MoAb MA208 (IgG1), which reacted with a peptide on CEA. Anti-idiotypic MoAb T3-503 and T4-202 recognized the private idiotype of MoAb 5B3; anti-idiotypic MoAb M7-049 and M7-625 did so for MoAb MA208. Idiotype mapping showed that MoAb 5B3 has at least two distinct idiotopes at its combining site and MoAb MA208 also has two. Four different anti-idiotypic MoAbs (Ab2) could induce anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab3) specific to their respective immunizing anti-idiotypic MoAbs. Anti-anti-idiotypic MoAb M7-625 antiserum (at least a part of the antibodies) have the same reactivity as MoAb MA208, since the serum competed with the binding of MoAb MA208 against CEA and contained the antibody population reactive with purified CEA in immunoblotting assay. These results suggest that anti-idiotypic MoAb M7-625 bears the internal image of the antigen (CEA) and induces the anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies specific to CEA. Therefore, an anti-idiotypic antibody bearing the internal image of a tumor associated antigen might be used as a possible tool for vaccination or immunotherapy against malignant tumors as an antigen specific immunomodulator.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Novel oligosaccharides with the sialyl-Lea structure in human milk.

We have isolated four novel oligosaccharides with the sialyl-Lea structure from human milk using a monoclonal antibody, MSW 113. These oligosaccharides were purified by affinity chromatography on a column of the immobilized monoclonal antibody and by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results of structural analyses, i.e., 500-MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and binding to specific anticarbohydrate antibodies, are consistent with the following structures. (formula; see text)

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of mucin antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies raised against human colon cancer cells.

Two monoclonal antibodies, MLS 102, which recognizes cancer-associated mucin antigens, and MLS 103, which recognizes normal mucin, were used to isolate, by immunoaffinity chromatography, the corresponding antigens from cell lysates and spent medium of a human colorectal carcinoma cell line, LS 180. The MLS 102 antigen contained serine, threonine, and proline as major amino acids. The carbohydrate chains of the MLS 102 antigen were composed of O-linked NeuAc alpha 2----6GalNAc (56%), N-acetylgalactosamine (25%), and longer oligosaccharide chains. The MLS 103 antigen differed from the MLS 102 antigen in both amino acid and carbohydrate composition. Most O-linked oligosaccharides of the MLS 103 antigen were longer than the disaccharide found in the MLS 102 antigen. Immunostaining of LS 180 cells using MLS 102 and MLS 103 revealed that the cells are heterogeneous with respect to the expression of the antigens.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1991

Delayed changes of vascular permeability in the cat's spinal cord following continuous electrical stimulation.

Liquefactive necrosis coexistent with alteration of vascular permeability was studied following electrical stimulation of the spinal cord. Evans blue albumen complex (EBA) (2.5%) was perfused one hour before electrical stimulation for 30 min with 10 mA current of 0.3 msec duration at a frequency of 20 Hz. Perfusion with saline and formalin was carried out at 0, 1, 3, 6 and 12 h after stimulation had been completed. Results were independent of the time lapse after completion of the stimulation. Liquefactive necrosis, swelling and moniliform degeneration and myelinoclasia of the myelin sheath were noted only in the external layer of the white matter. EBA leakage occurred, but there was no further expansion with time.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The impact of extracorporeal membrane support in the treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) treated by immediate surgical intervention and conventional ventilatory support have an overall poor survival. The potential of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy to improve survival of infants with CDH remains controversial. Comparison was made in a single institution's pre-ECMO and post-ECMO survival statistics to establish efficacy of extracorporeal support for persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPH). This study was accomplished by stratifying patients by an oxygen index (OI). Sixty-eight patients were treated for CDH from 1977 to 1986 without ECMO. Fifty-eight patients underwent repair of CDH within the first 24 hours of life. Data could be retrieved for calculation of the OI in 46 patients. Nineteen patients developed an OI of 40 or greater; one survived (5%). Three of 27 patients with an OI less than 40 died (OIs = 34, 38, and 38). Thirty-one patients were treated from 1987 to 1989 and none were excluded from ECMO based on a minimum PO2. Fifteen had an OI less than 40 (range, 1 to 38), were treated conventionally, and 13 survived (87%). Sixteen patients had an OI greater than 40 and 13 qualified for ECMO. Nine of 13 survived (69%). Comparing pre-ECMO and post-ECMO survival for infants with an OI of 40 or greater (5% v 69%), there is a significant improvement in survival when ECMO is used (P less than .001). ECMO support offers a strong adjunct in management of neonates with CDH who develop PPH.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation↗
PubMed1991

Fecal fat, cyclosporine, and alpha 1-antitrypsin for assessment of small bowel function following transplantation.

Many factors affect the integrity of transplanted small bowel. These include ischemic preservation and immunologic injury as well as the division of intestinal lymphatics during transplantation. This study was undertaken to evaluate the recovery of fat absorption in transplanted small bowel in syngeneic rats. Orthotopic transplantation of the total small bowel with resection of the native intestine was performed. The experimental (n = 11) and a pair-fed, sham-operated control (n = 8) groups were fed a 50% kcal corn oil semipurified diet. Studies of cyclosporine (CSA) absorption, maltose absorption, dietary fat, and fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin (FA1AT) excretion in transplanted animals were performed preoperatively and at 15, 30, and 50 days postoperatively. There was no significant difference in the weight change or fat and maltose absorption in experimental animals compared with control animals at any time point. Peak serum CSA levels were lower at day 15 in transplanted animals than in controls (P = 0.006) and improved but remained lower than those in controls at days 30 and 50 (P = 0.017). FA1AT excretion was increased on postoperative day 15 (accompanied by a decrease in body weight) and returned to control levels at days 30 and 50. Transplanted isogeneic rats had weight recovery and fat and carbohydrate absorption similar to those of controls. Transplanted animals had a protein-losing enteropathy measured by FA1AT at day 15 that resolved by 30 and 50 days, respectively. CSA absorption showed a much more gradual return to control levels and remained abnormal at 50 days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

An autopsy case of I-cell disease. Ultrastructural and biochemical analyses.

An autopsy case of I-cell disease in a 4-year-old Japanese girl is presented. In this report, the authors analyze the relationship between morphologic (including electron microscopic) and biochemical findings. Lymph node, spleen, and kidney, which were stained with Hale's colloidal iron method, contained large amounts of hexosamine. These substances had accumulated in lymphocytes of B-cell lineage.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1991

Isolation and structural studies of human milk oligosaccharides that are reactive with a monoclonal antibody MSW 113.

We have determined the structures of six oligosaccharides isolated from human milk using a monoclonal antibody, MSW 113. The isolation involved affinity chromatography on a column of the immobilized monoclonal antibody and high-performance liquid chromatography. From the results of 500 and 600 mHz 1H NMR spectroscopy and fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry their structures were deduced to be: [formula; see text] Two of these oligosaccharides, numbers 4 and 5, have not previously been described. All of them bound to MSW 113, but their reactivities are weaker than those of sialyl-Le(a) oligosaccharides. The results indicate that MSW 113 reacts with oligosaccharides with the mono- and disialyl-Le(a), and other sialyl type 1 structures.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

Origins and conducting tracts of evoked spinal cord potentials in cats.

The origins and the conducting tracts of the evoked spinal cord potential elicited by sciatic nerve stimulation (spinal somatosensory evoked potential: spinal SEP) were studied in cats. The potentials were recorded at various levels of the intact spinal cord and partially resected spinal cord and analyzed with special reference to four negative potentials (N1, N2, N3, and N4 waves). The conduction velocities of N1, N2, N3, and N4 waves were 101.8, 52.7, 88.7, and 42.7 m/s, respectively. N1 and N3 waves are considered to originate from Group I fibers and to be conducted by second-order neurons ascending the ipsilateral-dorsolateral funiculus (dorsal spinocerebellar tract) after synaptic delays. N3 wave may have a longer synaptic delay than N1 wave. N2 and N4 waves are considered to originate from nerve fibers other than Group I and to be conducted primarily in the posterior funiculus. N1 and N3 waves have synaptic delays at the L3 level, but N2 and N4 appear to be conducted without synaptic delay. Therefore, N2 and N4 waves precede N1 and N3 at the upper lumbar and thoracolumbar junction levels, respectively. After that, N1 and N3 waves are conducted with greater velocity than N2 and N4 waves. Because of different conduction velocities, N1 overtook N2 and N3 overtook N4 at the midthoracic region. N2 and N1 waves had the shortest latency in the upper lumbar to thoracolumbar junction levels and the upper thoracic region, respectively.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1991

Origins and conducting pathways of motor evoked potentials elicited by transcranial (vertex-hard palate) stimulation in cats.

Spinal cord evoked potentials were elicited in cats by transcranial electrical stimulation with electrodes on the vertex and hard palate. Vertex motor evoked potentials (V-MEP) were also recorded. An extracellular microelectrode recording technique was then used to analyze the results by isopotential mapping. The relationship between the distribution of field potentials and the stimulation polarity was studied using the field potential distribution of the V-MEP in the lower thoracic spinal cord that had been represented on the isopotential maps. The first negative wave of the V-MEP showed maximal amplitude distribution in the anterior funiculus, which corresponds to the extrapyramidal tracts. This pattern was seen with both stimulation polarity arrangements: 1) stimulation with the cathode at the vertex and the anode at the hard palate, and 2) stimulation with the anode at the vertex and the cathode at the hard palate. When the cathode was at the vertex, the stimulation threshold was lower, and the response had higher amplitude than when the anode was at the vertex. Recording V-MEPs elicited by vertex cathode stimulation could provide an excellent method of monitoring the extrapyramidal tracts in cats.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Serum creatine kinase activities in dogs with dirofilariasis.

Total serum creatine kinase (CK) and its isozyme activities were determined in dogs with dirofilariasis. Before heartworm removal, total CK and isozyme activities in dogs of the mild group were not different from those in dogs of the heartworm-free group. BB activity was higher in dogs of the hemoptysis group. Dogs of the ascites group displayed a mild increase in MM activity. In dogs of the caval syndrome (CS) group, total CK and MM activities were highest among the heartworm-free and heartworm-infected dogs, and MM isozyme accounted for most (75%) of total CK activity. MB and BB activities were also higher. However, there were no significant differences in CK activities between the surviving and non-surviving cases. In dogs with pulmonary heartworm disease (mild and ascites groups), MM activity correlated significantly with the number of heartworms (r = 0.45), hematocrit value (Ht, r = -0.40), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT, r = 0.42) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, r = 0.46) activities, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (r = 0.64) and total pulmonary resistance (r = 0.50). In dogs with CS, MM activity did not correlate with any parameter, but BB activity correlated with the number of heartworms at the right atrium (r = 0.61), Ht (r = -0.53), ALT (r = 0.80), LDH (r = 0.73) and serum urea nitrogen (r = 0.47). At 1 week after heartworm removal, BB and MM activity decreased in dogs of the hemoptysis and ascites groups, respectively. In dogs of the CS group, total CK and MM isozyme activities decreased markedly (P less than 0.01) regardless of their prognosis.

Airway Resistance↗