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Biomedical subjects

H Kishikawa

Publications and source records attributed to H Kishikawa.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Histopathological study on experimental cerebral infarction in rat (author's transl)].

An experimental model of cerebral infarction in rat brain was successfully established by means of the unilateral internal carotid injection of carbon microspheres. A histopathological investigation of the infarcted brain was performed. The results were as follow: 1. No cerebral infarction was made by the unilateral internal carotid ligation alone. 2. Focal cerebral edema was most marked at the white matter of the embolized hemisphere. 3. The edema was also conspicuous in the deep cerebral gray matter, especially in hippocampus. Degeneration and pyknosis of the neurons were observed at the same area. 4. Transudative hemorrhage in the focal cerebral edema was usually observed in the thalamus. 5. Edematous change in the cortical gray matter was not so marked as compared with the hippocampus and thalamus. 6. Carbon microsphere was not found in the capillaries of ipsilateral choroid plexus. The present experimental model of cerebral infarction will be useful in elucidating the pathological mechanisms of the cerebral infarction.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Middle cerebral arterial occlusion secondary to brain tumor -- case report (author's transl)].

A thirty-year-old man who had sudden onsets of unconsciousness, right hemiparesis and conjugate deviation to the left side, was admitted to our clinic. The clinical symptoms were similar to an apoplexic attack. The neurologic examination showed right hyperactive knee and ankle reflexes, and left inferior temporal retinal arterial occlusion. The serial left carotid angiography, performed immediately after admission, showed the occlusion of left middle cerebral artery at the location of trifurcation. We diagnosed this case as a cerebral vascular disease, and then the large amount of Urokinase and Heparin were injected immediately after the diagnosis. The clinical symptoms were improved tremendously after the injection. Three days later, the second left carotid angiography showed the complete recanalization of the occlusion, and further did a tumor stain at the distal portion of the occlusion. The brain scintigram revealed an increased up-take of 99mTc in the left parieto-temporal region. We finally diagnosed brain tumor, and the tumor was subtotally removed by the left parieto-temporal craniotomy. The histological findings of the tumor showed angioblastic meningioma. The cerebral arterial occlusion secondary to the brain tumor should be caused by the compression of the vessels and the hemorrhage of the tumor. This case is rarely reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Sequential cerebral biochemical and physiological events in controlled hypoxemia.

Effects of controlled hypoxemia on cerebral functional activity were studied in rats using cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and aminergic neurotransmitters in the brain tissue as special references. Evidence is presented that: (1) mild hypoxemic stress (PaO2 60 to 40 torr) may activate cerebral glycolysis with no evidence of anaerobic metabolism but that further reduction of PaO2 impairs cellular respiration, as evidenced by accumulation of glycolytic products; (2) glycogenolysis in the brain tissue, leakage of potassium ions from the brain cell, increase in brain water, and suppression of neural functional activity occur concomitant with accumulation of cAMP and prior to the fall of adenosine triphosphate; (3) the diminution of cerebral high-energy phosphates during hypoxia is associated with and may be caused by hypoxemia-induced neuroglycopenia and occurs at PaO2 15 torr; (4) induced hypoxemia per se does not affect the level or aminergic neurotransmitter substances in brain tissue.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1977

Value of prophylactic oophorectomy in advanced breast cancer with parasternal lymph nodes metastasis.

In order to improve the poor prognosis of advanced breast cancer cases with positive parasternal lymph nodes metastasis, prophylactic oophorectomy was performed in 25 unselected cases. In a retrospective study on the breast cancer cases operated on from 1958 to 1969, comparison of eight advanced breast cancer cases with positive parasternal lymph nodes metastasis after radical mastectomy of Halsted type and parasternal lymph nodes dissection with, and 17 cases without prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy was made with respect to the survival rate, the survival time pattern by Mantel-Haenszel's procedure in their entirety and the recurrence rate. These results suggest the effectiveness of prophylactic oophorectomy for the advanced breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

Catecholamine levels in penicillin-induced epileptic focus of the cat cerebral cortex.

In 25 cats an unilateral epileptic focus was produced by intracortical injection of potassium benzyl penicillin and on the other hemisphere, sham-operation was done by injection of the same volume of saline solution without penicillin. Catecholamine analysis was performed for each hemisphere separately. In a second series of 15 cats, the effect of catecholamines and of 1-DOPA on penicillin-induced spike activity was examined. In the first and second stage of propagation of penicillin-induced spikes, dopamine and norepinephrine significantly decreased in the focus. In the third stage no differences existed. The penicillin-induced spike activity was reduced as well by the topical application of dopamine as of 1-DOPA, whilst no inhibitory effect was observed in the topical application of norepinephrine.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

L-dopa therapy combined with peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor (MK-486) in Parkinsonism.

Eighteen patients with parkinsonism were treated with a combination of L-dopa and peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor, L-alphahydrazinomethyldopa (MK-486). Modification of L-dopa effect by MK-486 was also studied in parkinsonian patients as well as in cats. (1) Concentrations of dopa and dopamine in plasma and brain were measured in cats following intraperitoneal injection of L-dopa alone (100 mg/kg) or combined with MK-486 (10 mg/kg). Dopa levels in plasma and brain in the combination with MK-486 were three times as high as in L-dopa alone. Dopamine levels in caudate nucleus and putamen were increased nearly fourfold with the combination. (2) Plasma dopa and dopamine levels were measured in parkinsonian patients. Clinical pharmacological studies disclosed that a 1 : 10 ratio of MK-486 to L-dopa in dosage was preferable. (3) Maximum plasma dopa levels with the combination were four times those following L-dopa alone. Plasma dopa sustained a high level over a period of five hours. MK-486 markedly reduced plasma levels of dopamine. (4) There was no significant difference in dopa and dopamine levels in cerebrospinal fluid between L-dopa alone and a combination of MK-486, but dopamine levels in the CSF were still high at four hours after the combination of MK-486. (5) In clinical studies of eighteen patients with parkinsonism, the effectiveness of the combination therapy (mean dosage of L-dopa: 750 mg/day) was observed in all cases. Marked improvement was noted in 10 cases out of 15 (67%) with akinesia, in 12 cases out of 17 (71%) with rigidity and in six cases out of 14 (43%) with tremor. Maximum plasma dopa levels were higher in those cases with marked improvement, and were highest in patients with diskinesias as a side effect. (6) An addition of vitamin B6 did not show adverse effects. (7) Transient nausea and vomiting as a side effect, less severe than those experienced with L-dopa alone, were noted in five cases (28%). Dyskinesias in extremities, face, mouth and tongue were observed in six cases (33%). These dyskinesias were seen in a high percentage of cases with marked improvement and were never observed in the extremities contralateral to the side of thalamotomy.

Adult↗