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Biomedical subjects

H Kim

Publications and source records attributed to H Kim.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Randomized controlled trial of tissue plasminogen activator in proximal deep venous thrombosis.

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety of recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA, supplied as Activase) with heparin alone or rt-PA plus heparin in the treatment of venographically documented proximal deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the leg. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients underwent 65 randomizations to rt-PA alone (n = 36), rt-PA plus heparin (n = 17), or heparin alone (n = 12) in a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label trial, with efficacy assessed by a radiology panel unaware of treatment assignment. Patients randomly assigned to rt-PA received 0.05 mg/kg/hour for 24 hours via a peripheral vein, with a maximum dose of 150 mg. All patients then received heparin and warfarin for the remainder of the hospitalization. Follow-up venography was performed 24 to 36 hours after initiation of therapy. RESULTS: Complete or more than 50% lysis occurred in 10 (28%) patients treated with rt-PA, five (29%) patients with rt-PA plus heparin, and no patient treated with heparin. No lysis occurred in 16 (44%) patients treated with rt-PA plus heparin, and 10 (83%) patients who received heparin alone (p = 0.04). There was one major complication, a nonfatal intracranial hemorrhage in a patient who received rt-PA alone. At 7 to 10 days after initiation of treatment, the level of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase nearly doubled among all patients, including those assigned to receive heparin alone. CONCLUSION: (1) rt-PA and rt-PA plus heparin cause more clot lysis than heparin alone; (2) the addition of heparin to rt-PA does not improve the lysis rate; (3) DVT treated with heparin is commonly associated with a rise in the transaminase level; (4) heparin does not increase the risk of bleeding from rt-PA therapy; and (5) alternative dosing regimens and modes of administration of rt-PA should be investigated to improve further its efficacy and safety in the treatment of acute DVT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as a rectal polyp in a child.

Primary lymphoma of the rectum is extremely rare in children. We report here a 10-year-old boy with localized non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, discovered within a rectal polyp. The literature on childhood rectal lymphomas is reviewed. This case illustrates the importance of considering the possibility of malignancy with rectal polyps, even in children.

Child↗
PubMed1990

The effects of developmental factors on IQ in hemiplegic children.

The effects of early unilateral brain lesions on subsequent intellectual functioning were explored in hemiplegic children with congenital or acquired lesions. For congenital hemiplegics who sustained damage pre- or perinatally, lower intellectual functioning (IQ) was most highly associated with longer elapsed time since lesion. Moreover, including lesion size as an additional predictor of IQ did not account for significantly more variance than elapsed time since lesion alone. In contrast, for acquired hemiplegics who sustained damage after birth, lower intellectual functioning was highly associated with larger lesion size. In this group neither elapsed time since lesion nor age at testing accounted for significantly more IQ variance than lesion size alone. Possible effects of maturational factors and functional plasticity are considered in interpreting this pattern of results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Are variations among subjects in lateral asymmetry real individual differences or random error in measurement? Putting variability in its place.

The current research investigates sources of variability in subjects' asymmetry scores on commonly used laterality tasks. In particular, subjects' asymmetry scores on four bilateral tachistoscopic tasks and one free-vision task were entered into a principal component analysis (PCA) in order to investigate components that explain the maximum variance of the sample. The results indicate that about half of the variation (45.2%) in asymmetry scores on both tachistoscopic and free-vision tasks is attributable to individual differences in characteristic perceptual asymmetry. The amount of variance explained by this characteristic perceptual asymmetry component is similar in a sample of dextrals and a sample of sinistrals. No significant relation was revealed between individual differences in characteristic perceptual asymmetry and performance on various verbal and spatial cognitive tasks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Congenital megalourethra.

Megalourethra is a rare congenital disorder. The scaphoid type is due to poor development of the corpus spongiosum, whereas in the more severe fusiform variety the corpora cavernosa also are affected. We report 3 cases of megalourethra (2 scaphoid and 1 fusiform types) and review the relevant literature.

Dilatation, Pathologic↗
PubMed1990

Systemic lupus erythematosus in patients with end-stage renal disease: long-term follow-up on the prognosis of patients and the evolution of lupus activity.

We studied the clinical course of 59 lupus patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to determine their long-term prognosis and delineate the evolution of their lupus activity. The study population was predominantly female (86%) and young (mean age, 27.4 years), and they were observed for a mean of 6.5 years from the inception of dialysis. At the time dialysis was initiated, only 21 patients (35.6%) had clinically active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The remaining patients progressed to ESRD despite the absence of clinical lupus activity. Lupus activity was clinically apparent in 55.4% of patients in the first year, 6.5% in the fifth, and none in the tenth year. In 45% of patients, lupus activity was clinically inactive at entry to ESRD and remained inactive throughout the observation period. Serological activity declined proportionally, but to a lesser extent than clinical activity. Cumulative patient survival was 81.1% and 74.6% at the fifth and tenth year, respectively, from the inception of dialysis treatment; similarly it was 78% at the fifth and tenth year after the transplantation. Graft survival was 60.4% at the fifth and 45.5% at the tenth year. No one had recurrence of clinical lupus nephritis in the graft for up to 16 years of follow-up. Fourteen patients died from either infectious or cardiovascular complications, but none from SLE per se. This long-term study with a large number of lupus patients confirms our previous findings that the progression of renal disease to ESRD may be mediated by nonimmunologic mechanisms, as well as immunologic insults.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Determination of potential migrants from commercial amber polyethylene terephthalate bottle wall.

Potential migrants were isolated from commercial polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles using Soxhlet extraction. The concentrated extract was then subjected to GC/MS analysis. A total of 19 migrants has been identified. The majority of compounds appeared to be intermediate reaction products or residual monomers of their dehydration and transesterification products. Several processing aids such as fatty acids and commonly used plasticizers were also identified. The amount of seven compounds present in the major portion of exhaustive extract of the PET bottle wall ranged from 800 micrograms/g polymer to as low as 0.6 microgram/g.

Drug Packaging↗
PubMed1990

Mammalian dihydroorotase: nucleotide sequence, peptide sequences, and evolution of the dihydroorotase domain of the multifunctional protein CAD.

Mammalian DHOase (S-dihydroorotate amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.2.3) is part of a large multifunctional protein called CAD, which also has a carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase [carbon-dioxide: L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating), EC 6.3.5.5] and aspartate transcarbamoylase (carbamoyl-phosphate: L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase, EC 2.1.3.2) activities. We sequenced selected restriction fragments of a Syrian hamster CAD cDNA. The deduced amino acid sequence agreed with the sequence of tryptic peptides and the amino acid composition of the DHOase domain isolated by controlled proteolysis of CAD. Escherichia coli transformed with a recombinant plasmid containing the cDNA segment 5' to the aspartate transcarbamoylase coding region expressed a polypeptide recognized by DHOase domain-specific antibodies. Thus, the order of domains within the polypeptide is NH2-carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase-DHO-aspartate transcarbamoylase-COOH. The 334-residue DHOase domain has a molecular weight of 36,733 and a pI of 6.1. A fragment of CAD having DHOase activity that was isolated after trypsin digestion has extensions on both the NH2 (18 residues) and COOH (47-65 residues) termini of this core domain. Three of five conserved histidines are within short, highly conserved regions that may participate in zinc binding. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the monofunctional and fused DHOases separately. Although these families may have arisen by convergent evolution, we favor a model involving DHOase gene duplication and insertion into an ancestral bifunctional locus.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1990

Photoaffinity labeling of ATP and NAD+ binding sites on recombinant human interleukin 2.

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a T-cell-derived lymphokine critical in the activation and proliferation of T cells, B cells, and lymphokine-activated killer cells. It is a glycoprotein of approximately 15,500 daltons that is synthesized and secreted after activation by antigen or mitogen. By using the analogs 8-azidoadenosine 5'-[gamma-32P]triphosphate [( gamma-32P]8N3ATP) and nicotinamide 2-azidoadenine [adenylate-32P]dinucleotide [( alpha-32P]2N3NAD+) as photoaffinity probes, we have detected specific, metal ion-requiring nucleotide binding sites on recombinant human IL-2 (rhIL-2). The specificity of these nucleotide interactions with rhIL-2 was demonstrated by saturation effects and by competition by the parent nucleotides at physiologically relevant concentrations. Saturation of photoinsertion into rhIL-2 occurred at 50 microM [gamma-32P]8N3ATP; a half-maximal decrease of its photoinsertion at 10 microM was obtained with 22 microM ATP. Saturation of photoinsertion with [alpha-32P]2N3NAD+ was observed at 180 microM; a half-maximal decrease of its photoinsertion at 10 microM was effected by 10 microM NAD+ and by 5 microM 3-aminobenzamide. The extent of photoinsertion of both photoprobes into rhIL-2 varied with the presence of different divalent metal ions. rhIL-2 photolabeling with [gamma-32P]8N3ATP appeared to be dependent on the presence of metal ion. It was effectively labeled in the presence of Mg2+ and photoinsertion was increased with the addition of Zn2+ at micromolar concentrations. Also, rhIL-2 underwent slow autophosphorylation by an intramolecular mechanism using [gamma-32P]8N3ATP as well as nonphotoactive nuceotide. The biological significance of these interactions is unknown, but their specificity suggests that nucleotide binding may be involved in the bioactivity of IL-2.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1990

The gastric juice urea and ammonia levels in patients with Campylobacter pylori.

The authors studied gastric juice ammonia and urea nitrogen levels to determine how they are altered by gastric Campylobacter pylori (CP) infection. Patients with chronic gastritis (20), peptic ulcer (24), hepatic cirrhosis (10), chronic renal failure (13), or gastric remnant (20) were included. Endoscopic biopsy specimens stained with the Warthin-Starry stain were evaluated for the presence of CP. Blood and gastric juice analysis was performed for 11 of the patients with chronic renal failure and 37 patients from the remaining groups. CP was identified in gastric biopsies from 50 of 87 (57.5%) patients, including 87.5% with peptic ulcer and 40-50% of those with chronic gastritis, cirrhosis, chronic renal failure, or gastric remnant. CP infection had no effect on blood urea nitrogen or blood ammonia levels in any group of patients. The urea nitrogen level of gastric juice was higher in patients with chronic renal failure than in other groups but was not related to CP infection. CP infection was associated with a significant increase in gastric juice ammonia levels, both in patients with chronic renal failure (23.3 mmol/L vs. 2.90 mmol/L; [P less than 0.05]) and in other groups (5.48 mmol/L vs. 1.26 mmol/L [P less than 0.0001]). The authors conclude that elevation of gastric juice ammonia level is an indicator of gastric CP infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Interaction of water-soluble form of apoproteolipid of bovine brain myelin with phospholipid vesicles.

The water-soluble form of apoproteolipid (APL) from bovine brain myelin was found to bind with phosphatidylcholine (PC)/phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (6:4) vesicles below pH 5. The protein bound to vesicles was photoactively labeled with 3-(trifluoromethyl)-3-(m-[125I]iodophenyl)diazirine [( 125I)TID) and was digested with trypsin. A [125I]TID-labeled fragment with an apparent molecular weight of approximately 2,500 was extracted. An APL fragment with an identical Mr value was also obtained from the tryptic digest of APL/vesicle complex without prior labeling with [125I]TID. Determination of amino acid composition and the identification of the N-terminal amino acid residue of this unlabeled fragment showed that this protected segment covers the amino acid residues from Met-205 to Lys-228. In another experiment, the [125I]TID-labeled APL obtained from the above experiment without the proteolysis step was extracted and reconstituted into PC vesicles. Subsequent tryptic digestion of the exposed segment and comparison of the elution profile of the extracted polypeptides on a Sephadex LH-60 column with the published profile of these polypeptides indicated that the membrane-inserted segment of the water-soluble form of APL when bound to vesicles is the C-terminal region of this apoprotein within the amino acid residues between Met-205 and Lys-268.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Distribution of Lipiodol in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Intrahepatic distribution of Lipiodol and I-131 Lipiodol infused via the hepatic arteries was evaluated in six patients with HCC who had undergone hepatic lobectomy or segmentectomy. CT scan and gamma camera radiograph confirmed that the oily contrast material or I-131 radioactivity accumulated selectively in the tumor over a long period. One to two thirds of the tumor mass appeared necrotic, although the extent tended to be larger in the case of radioactive Lipiodol infusion. The tumor cells contained numerous lipid globules within the cytoplasm. Also, oil red 0 stain demonstrated that the individual tumor cells had non-globular lipid on their surface. In conclusion, Lipiodol leaks out of the vascular spaces to attach to the cancer cell membrane as a non-globular lipid as well as to enter the cancer cells as a globular lipid. This phenomenon specific to cancer cells suggests a biochemical membrane change which may have occurred during carcinogenesis, causing alteration of membrane transport and cell death.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Carbohydrate metabolism of rats with biliary obstruction.

Carbohydrate metabolism of rats with obstructive jaundice caused by bile duct ligation was studied by intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and by liver perfusion. The altered levels of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzyme were examined in relation to the glucose metabolism of the cholestatic rats. In the IVGTT, the rate of fractional glucose removal was increased with increases in plasma insulin and glucagon and with a decrease in non-esterified fatty acid. In liver perfusion, neither the glucose uptake nor insulin extraction by the whole liver of icteric rats was different from the control. The increased rate of glucose removal in IVGTT may be due to enhanced glucose utilization by peripheral tissues resulting from hypersecretion of insulin. In liver perfusate supplemented with glucose, a decrease in the glucose uptake per unit liver weight was observed in relation to the lowered glucokinase activity. Formation of glycogen from glucose and of glucose from lactate was also impaired, indicating inhibition of the gluconeogenic system or relative hyperfunction of the glycolytic system, which may further contribute to the reduction in glycogen content. These metabolic disorders correlated well with the changes in activities of key carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, which showed a characteristic pattern consistent with the loss of differentiated hepatic functions. Uptake of glucose and its conversion to glycogen were reduced in the cholestatic liver in close association with altered activities of some of related enzymes. However, due to increased utilization by the peripheral tissues, the total amount of glucose utilized in the whole rat was not reduced.

Animals↗