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Biomedical subjects

H Kim

Publications and source records attributed to H Kim.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Cardiovascular regulation in multiple sclerosis.

Traditional assessments of autonomic nervous system function have depended on invasive and complex procedures. Vagal power, which is the respiratory component of heart rate variability (HRV) is an alternative and non-invasive measure for indexing autonomic nervous control of the heart. In the current study, 18 multiple sclerosis (MS) and 20 healthy subjects matched with respect to age, education and intelligence served as subjects. The MS group showed significantly lower vagal power during natural and paced breathing than healthy subjects. Importantly, heart rate did not differ between the two groups. If MS patients exhibit abnormalities in mechanisms mediating cardiac parasympathetic control, the impact on quality of life and vulnerability to adverse cardiac events need to be further evaluated. The results of this study may have implications with respect to the feasibility of using HRV as both a diagnostic and prognostic tool for evaluating parasympathetic nervous system dysfunction and in providing valuable information for developing more effective treatment and rehabilitation strategies.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Ubiquitin-positive CA2/3 neurites in hippocampus coexist with cortical Lewy bodies.

We investigated CA2/3 ubiquitin-immunoreactive neurites in 120 cases of diverse neurodegenerative diseases. This neuritic change occurred in 25 of 30 cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with coexistent Parkinson's disease (PD) changes, as well as two cases of PD and two cases of progressive supranuclear palsy. All 29 cases with neuritic change showed cortical Lewy bodies. Neuritic change was absent in 86 cases of neurodegenerative diseases without Lewy bodies, including 66 cases of pure AD. Thus, ubiquitin-immunoreactive CA2/3 neurites and cortical Lewy bodies, frequently coexist; this association appears to be independent of the presence or absence of coexistent pathologies, eg, AD. Moreover, in and of itself, nigral degeneration without Lewy bodies, such as that encountered in other (non-PD) movement disorders, apparently is not associated with CA2/3 neuritic change.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Rapid inhalation induction of anesthesia by halothane, enflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane and their cardiopulmonary effects in dogs.

The rapid inhalation induction of anesthesia (RII) by mask inhalation of halothane, enflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane at an equianesthetic concentration (2.5 MAC) was evaluated in 24 beagle dogs. The differences in movements, induction and intubation time between anesthetics were mainly associated with the differences in each blood/gas solubility. The most rapid and smoothest induction was observed by sevoflurane inhalation (209.0 +/- 44.2 sec), followed by isoflurane inhalation (285.8 +/- 34.1 sec). Halothane inhalation took the longest induction time (790.3 +/- 75.7 sec). Movements during RII were minimal in sevoflurane group comparing to the other groups. Heart rate, cardiac output and rate pressure product significantly increased after the beginning of inhalation in all the dogs except for those of halothane group. These changes exceeded the physiological level just after the beginning of inhalation, however, rapidly reversed to the maintenance level (1.5 MAC) approximately 10 min after intubation. Consequently, sevoflurane seemed to be the best inhalational anesthetic for RII in dogs without significant problems in respiratory and/or cardiac functions. Isoflurane also induced rapid induction with some degree of the movements.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1995

Relation between ischemic preconditioning and the duration of sustained ischemia.

It has been reported that repetitive brief periods of ischemia and reperfusion (ischemic preconditioning, IP) cause a significant reduction in the extent of myocardial necrosis or in the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias in rat heart. However, recent reports have stated that IP effect is diminished or lost in the canine or bovine heart if ischemia (mostly regional) is sustained for 40 min or longer. The main objective of this study is to assess whether IP provides myocardial protection in prolonged sustained ischemia under the condition of global ischemia in isolated rabbit heart. The hearts were subjected to 10-60 min sustained ischemia (SI) followed by 60 min reperfusion with (IP heart) or without IP (ISCH heart). IP was induced by 4 cycles of 5 min global ischemia and 5 min reperfusion. Left ventricular function (LVF), extent of infarction (EI) and ultrastructural changes were examined. As a whole, the LVF began to recover on reperfusion but there was no significant difference in the functional parameters. However, extracellular Ca2+ concentration was lower in the ISCH hearts (p < 0.05) and the EI was significantly different between the hearts which had received 60 min SI (67% in the ISCH versus 32% in the IP heart, p < 0.01). Ultrastructural changes were homogeneous in the ISCH hearts and became irreversible in accordance with increase of the duration of ischemia, while these changes were heterogeneous and restricted in the IP heart. These results suggest that IP does not attenuate the postischemic dysfunction in prolonged ischemia but it can provide an infarct size-limiting effect and delay ultrastructural changes. This cardioprotective effect may be related to calcium homeostasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Nationwide incidence estimation of lung cancer in Korea.

The aim of this paper is to estimate the nationwide incidence rate of lung cancer in Korea. The potential incident cases were identified by hospital visiting and mailing, based on the ICD-9 diagnostic codes on the claims as one of the following: ICD-9 162-165 (malignant neoplasms of the respiratory system), 212 (benign neoplasm), 231 (carcinoma in situ), 511 (pleurisy), or 195-199 (malignant neoplasms with uncoded sites) in beneficiaries data of the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation from January, 1988 to December, 1989. Thereafter, the identified cases were confirmed by an oncologist (Dr. DS Heo). When adjusted with age distribution of the Korean population based on the 1985 Population Census, the incidence rate was 22.3 per 100,000 in males (95% CI: 21.70-23.01) and 8.37 (95% CI: 7.97-8.78) in females in 1989. And the age-adjusted rate for the world population was 39.63 in males and 9.95 in females.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The association between tuberous sclerosis and insulinoma.

We describe a patient with tuberous sclerosis and an insulinoma. The neurologic abnormalities typically present in patients with tuberous sclerosis may, in rare cases, be manifestations of hypoglycemia. We discussed a possible association between tuberous sclerosis and multiple endocrine neoplasia type I.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

3-Methylcholanthrene and pyridine effects on CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 expression in rat renal tissue.

The effects of 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) and pyridine on rat renal cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and 1A2 mRNA expression have been examined by Northern-blot analysis and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), followed by Southern-blot analysis of the PCR products. Northern-blot hybridization and RT-PCR analyses of kidney poly(A)+ RNA revealed that 3-MC treatment produced a time-dependent increase in the renal CYP1A1 and 1A2 mRNA levels, with CYP1A1 and 1A2 mRNA levels maximally increased at 24 and 18 hr, respectively, after treatment. These data were confirmed via RT-PCR analysis using a subsaturating level of cDNA template and by Southern-blot analysis of the PCR products. This approach served as the foundation for examining the effects of pyridine on CYP1A1 and 1A2 expression in renal tissue. RT-PCR analysis of renal CYP1A1 and 1A2 poly(A)+ RNA levels after treatment with pyridine (200 mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days) revealed that CYP1A1 mRNA levels were maximally elevated approximately 10-fold after pyridine treatment for 2 consecutive days, whereas CYP1A2 mRNA levels were maximally elevated approximately 3-fold at 24 hr after treatment. The mRNA levels of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, which served as an internal control, remained constant after 3-MC or pyridine treatment. These results show that expression of CYP1A1 and 1A2 mRNAs is enhanced in renal tissue after exposure to 3-MC or pyridine, and that constitutive expression of CYP1A1 seems to be greater than that of CYP1A2 in renal tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Map dynamic ranges versus duration of hearing loss in cochlear implantees.

In order to assess the relationship of factors such as age, cause of deafness, use of hearing aids, duration of hearing loss, and age at onset of hearing loss, with the size of map dynamic ranges (DRs), 34 postlingually and 8 prelingually deaf users of the Nucleus cochlear implant system were analyzed according to the sizes of map DRs. Lack of auditory stimulation for a longer period than 10 years might be one of the most important factors associated with a reduced map DR. Use of hearing aids was associated with larger map DRs. Small map DRs were found across a range of age, age at onset, and duration of hearing loss. Cause of deafness did not appear to be related to map DRs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Renal hemodynamics in acute unilateral ureteral obstruction: contribution of endothelium-derived relaxing factor.

The increase in ureteral pressure after acute unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is associated with an initial increase in renal blood flow (RBF). The present study examines the role of nitric oxide, a major endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), in UUO-induced renal hyperemia in anesthetized dogs. In Group 1, vehicle solution was infused into the left renal artery. In Group 2, nitric oxide formation from L-arginine was competitively inhibited by intrarenal infusion of N omega-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (50 micrograms/kg./min.) before UUO. In Group 3, L-arginine (2 mg./kg./min.) was infused together with L-NMMA (50 micrograms/kg./min.) into the renal artery. After UUO, ureteral pressure increased in all groups, averaging 69 mm.Hg. In Group 1, RBF at 10 and 20 minutes after UUO increased 7.9 +/- 1.6% and 16.5 +/- 5.2%, respectively, significantly greater than in Group 2 (1.2 +/- 1.6% and 2.4 +/- 1.5%). After L-NMMA was discontinued in Group 2, RBF increased 17%, reaching a level similar to that in Group 1. In Group 3, L-arginine infusion abolished the effects of L-NMMA, and RBF was similar to that in Group 1 at all postobstructive intervals. Our data indicate that release of nitric oxide in the kidney is augmented by UUO and mediates the early renal hyperemia induced by UUO.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

SecA of Escherichia coli traverses lipid bilayer of phospholipid vesicles.

SecA protein of Escherichia coli, when added externally to the vesicles composed of phosphatidylethanolamine, dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin, was found to be fragmented by trypsin encapsulated within the vesicles. In the presence of ATP or its non-hydrolyzing analogue, ATP-gamma S, the number of fragments and extent of hydrolysis occurred much less than in the absence of these compounds. When ADP was added, however, the hydrolysis products were similar to those when no nucleotide was present. Quenching of SecA fluorescence by vesicle-entrapped iodide corroborated the digestion results. These experiments demonstrated that the SecA protein traverses the lipid bilayer and its membrane topology depends on the kind of nucleotide present.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1994

Relationship between cytotoxicity and conversion of thiosangivamycin analogs to toyocamycin analogs in cell culture medium.

Non-nucleoside analogs of the pyrrolopyrimidine nucleosides toyocamycin, sangivamycin and thiosangivamycin have been synthesized and their cytotoxicity in mammalian cells determined. While studying the effects of 5-thioamide-substituted analogs on cell growth, we observed an interesting phenomenon in which cells recovered spontaneously from growth inhibition during extended incubations. HPLC studies demonstrated that the 5-thioamide moiety of several structurally dissimilar 7-substituted 4-aminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines, including thiosangivamycin, is unstable in cell culture medium and is converted to the corresponding 5-nitrile with a half-life of approximately 48 h. In contrast, different substituents at the 4-position of the heterocycle significantly affected the stability of the 5-thioamide moiety. Conversion of the thioamide to the nitrile was caused by components in the cell culture medium, not components of serum. The above observations demonstrate that caution should be exercised in interpreting biological data obtained in vitro for 5-thioamide pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1994

Nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic classification of human papillomavirus type 59.

The complete nucleotide sequence of the HPV 59 DNA genome, isolated from a vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, was determined. It consists of 7896 nucleotides. A comparative analysis of this sequence with the sequences of other HPV types revealed the closest homology to HPV 18 (71%), HPV 45 (70%), and HPV 39 (69%). Phylogenetic analysis of the complete L1 ORFs of HPV 59 and other papillomaviruses exclusively groups all HPVs which have been detected in mucosal lesions into one major branch. This major branch, in turn, includes two specific subgroups containing all high risk viruses associated with malignant mucosal lesions. The motif in the L2 ORF thr-thr-pro-ala-val/ile-leu/ile-asp/asn-val/ile, an extension of a previously reported mucosal motif, is highly conserved in all HPV types detected in mucosal lesions, whereas it is totally absent in those viruses exclusively associated with cutaneous lesions.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Intracranial action of corticosterone facilitates the development of behavioral inhibition in the adrenalectomized preweanling rat.

We tested the hypothesis that in preweanling rats central administration of exogenous corticosterone (CORT) is sufficient to facilitate the development of behavioral inhibition. 28-gauge cannulae containing varying concentrations of CORT (0, 25, 50 and 100%) were implanted unilaterally into the lateral ventricles of 9-day-old rat pups. After a 24-h postoperative recovery period, pups were adrenalectomized. At 14 days of age, pups were tested for behavioral inhibition which consisted of removing the pup from the nest and exposing it to an unfamiliar adult male rat. Pups implanted with cannulae containing 0, 25 and 50% concentrations of CORT spent significantly less time in freezing postures than pups implanted with cannulae containing 100% CORT. These freezing pups also tended to emit fewer ultrasonic vocalizations than pups in the other three implant conditions, albeit the level obtained was not statistically significant. RIAs indicated that, in general, hormone-filled cannulae produced no detectable concentrations of plasma CORT on the day of the test or on days preceding testing. Results suggest that in the early postnatal period endogenous CORT acts centrally to facilitate the development of neural pathways involved in the ontogenetic expression of behavioral inhibition.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1994

Allelic loss of chromosome 18q and prognosis in colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer occurs in approximately 150,000 people each year in the United States. Prognostic assessment influences the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer, including decisions about adjuvant therapy. We evaluated chromosome 18q allelic loss, a genetic event associated with tumor progression, as a prognostic marker for this disease. METHODS: We developed procedures to examine the status of chromosome 18q with microsatellite markers and DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors. Allelic loss of chromosome 18q was assessed in 145 consecutively resected stage II or III colorectal carcinomas. RESULTS: Among patients with stage II disease, the five-year survival rate was 93 percent in those whose tumor had no evidence of allelic loss of chromosome 18q and 54 percent in those with allelic loss; among patients with stage III disease, survival was 52 and 38 percent, respectively. The overall estimated hazard ratio for death in patients whose tumor had chromosome 18q allelic loss was 2.83 (P = 0.008) according to univariate analysis. Furthermore, chromosome 18q allelic loss remained a strong predictive factor (hazard ratio for death, 2.46; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.06 to 5.71; P = 0.036) after adjustment for all other evaluated factors, including tumor differentiation, vein invasion, and TNM stage. CONCLUSIONS: The status of chromosome 18q has strong prognostic value in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. The prognosis in patients with stage II cancer and chromosome 18q allelic loss is similar to that in patients with stage III cancer, who are thought to benefit from adjuvant therapy. In contrast, patients with stage II disease who do not have chromosome 18q allelic loss in their tumor have a survival rate similar to that of patients with stage I disease and may not require additional therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Application of 13C NMR spectroscopy to paratope mapping for larger antigen-Fab complexes.

For the purpose of engineering the antibody combining site, mapping residues that are involved in antigen binding provide us with valuable information. By use of 13C NMR spectroscopy with selectively 13C-labeled Fv fragments, we have established a general strategy to identify the residues that are perturbed upon binding of small antigen (hapten) molecules [(1990) Biochemistry 30, 6604-6610]. In the present paper, we demonstrate that this strategy can be extended to molecular structural analyses of the complexes of an Fab fragment and a larger antigen molecule such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A with a molecular mass of 67 kDa.

ADP Ribose Transferases↗