[A case of familial adenomatous polyposis with mesenteric fibromatosis].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
Biomedical subjects
H Kawamura
Publications and source records attributed to H Kawamura.
[A case of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) with a mutation in the RET gene].
A 44-year-old woman complained of headache and palpitation. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral adrenal tumors 10 x 9 cm in size on the left side and 8 x 4 cm in size on the right side. CT scan revealed a 0.7 x 0.7 cm mass in the thyroid. Hormonal examinations showed high values of urinary cathecholamines and serum calcitonin. DNA sequence analysis of peripheral white blood cells revealed that codon 634 in exon 11 of the RET gene was mutated from TGC (Cys) to TAC (Tyr). From these findings, a diagnosis was made of MEN2A with bilateral adrenal pheochromocytomas and medullary thyroid carcinoma. Bilateral adrenalectomy and thyroidectomy were performed. The same mutation of the RET gene was detected in all her 3 children, in two of whom, early stage medullary thyroid carcinoma was detected and thyroidectomy was performed. DNA analysis of the RET gene was useful for the diagnosis of carriers of MEN2A and the early detection of medullary thyroid carcinoma.
Adolescent↗
[Combined treatment with CDDP and radiation effective against neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report].
A case of neuroendocrine carcinoma (small cell carcinoma) of the urinary bladder is presented. A 76-year-old man complaining of dysuria visited our clinic on October 31, 1997. On physical examination, a huge mass was palpable in the lower abdomen. Abdominal and pelvic computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed a huge mass, 6.7 x 6.0 cm in size, with extravesical extension in the anterior wall of the urinary bladder and no metastatic lesions. Percutaneous biopsy of the tumor revealed undifferentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. The value of serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) was 220 ng/ml (normal range: 0-10 ng/ml). Twenty days after the first CT scan, the tumor had grown to be 12.5 x 11.0 cm in size. He was treated with combination therapy of systemic cisplatin and external pelvic radiation and then achieved complete remission on CT scan and biopsy. The value of serum NSE was normalized. Four months later, abdominal CT scan revealed a huge metastastic lesion in the paraaortic and parahepatic regions, but, no local recurrence in the bladder. The value of serum NSE was 240 ng/ml. He was treated with 4 cycles of systemic combination therapy of cisplatin and etoposide. He achieved partial remission (regression rate: 77%) on CT scan after completion of the first 2 cycles, but the tumor showed rapid re-growth and he died of cancer 1 month later despite another 2 cycles. These combination therapies were effective against neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder, although, the duration of the effect was short.
Aged↗
[Lung cancer with small intestine metastasis characterized by exceptionally high levels of serum CA 19-9].
A 59-year-old man was given a diagnosis of lung cancer (moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma) with left adrenal gland and bone metastases in January 1997, and received chemotherapy and irradiation therapy. In late May, anemia and occult blood were detected, with a marked increase in serum CA 19-9. In August, the patient was admitted to our department complaining of melena. His serum CA 19-9 level on admission was significantly elevated (18,960 U/ml). After admission, symptoms of ileus developed. Radiographs of the small intestine and abdominal computed tomographic scans suggested the presence of a tumor in the small intestine. Therefore, surgery was performed, revealing a tumor in the jejunum, which was histologically diagnosed as metastasis of lung cancer to the small intestine. Immunohistochemical staining for CA 19-9 was more intense in specimens from the small intestine tumor than from lung cancer specimens. Serum CA 19-9 decreased significantly after resection. The clinical course and results of CA 19-9 staining suggested that CA 19-9 production by the metastatic lesion in the small intestine was the major cause of the patient's high serum CA 19-9 level. This appears to be a rare case because, to our knowledge, there are no previous reports in the Japanese literature on patients with small intestine metastasis from lung cancer showing an exceptionally high level of serum CA 19-9.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Effects of chemical stimulation of the rostral ventrolateral medulla on cerebral and renal microcirculation in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
We investigated whether microcirculatory responses elicited by excitation of intrinsic neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are altered in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were anesthetized with chloralose, paralyzed with tubocurarine, and artificially ventilated. Cerebral and renal blood flows (CBF and RBF) were simultaneously measured using laser-Doppler flowmetry. Chemical stimulation of the RVLM neurons by microinjection of L-glutamate increased arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate in both SHR and WKY. Stimulation of the RVLM neurons also elicited stimulus-locked increase in CBF and decrease in RBF in both groups. The % changes in CBF and RBF were dose-dependent as stimulus intensity was increased and did not differ significantly between the SHR and WKY groups. Cerebral and renal vascular resistance (CVR and RVR) levels were calculated from changes in CBF or RBF and those in mean AP. The percent reduction in CVR and percent elevation in RVR were dose-dependent and did not differ significantly between the two groups. The data indicate that cerebral and systemic microcirculatory responses elicited by excitation of the RVLM neurons do not differ between SHR and WKY.
Animals↗
Critical role of NK1+ T cells in IL-12-induced immune responses in vivo.
CD1-dependent NK1+ T cells rapidly produce IL-4 upon stimulation through the TCR. These cells may therefore play an important role in the initiation of Th2 responses. Here, we show that NK1+ T cells constitutively express receptors for IL-12 and IFN-gamma, and that IL-12 induces production of perforin in these cells. Moreover, while IL-12 induces high levels of IFN-gamma and cytotoxic activity of hepatic or splenic mononuclear cells against tumor cells, this effect of IL-12 is significantly reduced in CD1-deficient mice with impaired NK1+ T cells development. These results indicate that NK1+ T cells play a critical role in IL-12-induced production of IFN-gamma to initiate Th1 immune responses and as IL-12-induced cytotoxic effector cells to initiate antitumor immunity.
Animals↗
Physiological significance of hydrophilic and hydrophobic textile materials during intermittent exercise in humans under the influence of warm ambient temperature with and without wind.
The purpose of this present study was to compare the physiological effects of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the fabrics investigated in exercising and resting subjects at an ambient temperature of 30 degrees C and a relative humidity of 50% with and without wind. Three kinds of clothing ensemble were tested: wool and cotton blend with high moisture regain (A), 100% cotton with intermediate moisture regain (B), 100% polyester clothing with low moisture regain (C). The experiments were performed using seven young adult women as subjects. They comprised six repeated periods of 10-min exercise on a cycle ergometer at an intensity of 40% maximal oxygen uptake followed by 5 min of rest (20 min for the last rest). The experiments comprised two sessions. During session I (first three repetitions of exercise and rest) the subjects were exposed to an indifferent wind velocity and during session II (last three repetitions of exercise and rest) they were exposed to a wind velocity of 1.5 m x s(-1). Rectal temperature and skin temperatures at eight sites, pulse rate and clothing microclimate were recorded throughout the whole period. The main findings can be summarized as follows: rectal temperature during session II was kept at a significantly lower level in A than in B and C. Clothing microclimate humidity at the chest was significantly lower in A than in B and C during session II. Skin and clothing microclimate temperatures at the chest were significantly lower in A than in B and C during session II. Pulse rate was significantly higher in C than in A and B during sessions I and II. It was concluded that the hydrophilic properties of the fabrics studied were of physiological significance for reducing heat strain during exercise and rest especially when influenced by wind.
Adult↗
Electromyography during chewing movement in patients with anterior disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of electromyography in patients with anterior disc displacement (ADD) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Electromyography (EMG) during chewing movement was evaluated in 48 women with unilateral ADD of the TMJ (21 patients with ADD with reduction and 27 with ADD without reduction). As a control group, 31 women without TMJ dysfunction were evaluated. The duration of contraction, latency, cycle time, and integrated value on the EMG were measured in the patients and controls. There were significant differences between the patients and controls in the duration of contraction, cycle time, and integrated value. However, there were no differences in any measurements between the two subgroup patients. EMG appeared to be a method of documenting that masticatory function was impaired in patients with ADD.
Adolescent↗
The natural course of nonreducing disk displacement of the temporomandibular joint: changes in condylar mobility and radiographic alterations at one-year follow up.
Changes in condylar mobility and radiographic changes were examined in 22 patients (26 joints) who had nonreducing disk displacement. The patients had no treatment for at least one year. Thirty joints in 15 persons with no current or previous temporomandibular joint symptoms served as a control. The clinical signs and symptoms tended to be less severe after one year. Condylar mobility increased significantly during this period, although it remained somewhat limited. There was no significant difference in frequency of radiographically discernible changes of the condyle between patients and controls and the patients showed minimal evidence of progressive disease.
Adolescent↗
Two types of three-dimensional structures formed by epithelial cell aggregates from the rat ventral prostate in collagen gel culture. The amount of activated charcoal for absorbing serum.
Cells taken from the rat ventral prostate and cultured formed a tubular structure inside the collagen gel in a medium containing activated charcoal-absorbed serum after a 14-day incubation. This might suggest that the active substances of serum could induce isolated epithelial cells to form such a spherical or tubular structure, depending on the amount of activated charcoal used for the absorption of serum.
Absorption↗
Transitional cell carcinoma in the blind-ending branch of the bifid ureter.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
Ooplasmic injection of elongating spermatids for the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia.
We applied the technique of ooplasmic elongating spermatid injection to the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia. Mature oocytes were injected with elongating spermatids isolated from testicular biopsy material obtained from 13 non-obstructed azoospermic men. Seventy-three oocytes were successfully injected with elongating spermatids and were then cultured for 36 h. At 13 h post-injection 68 oocytes were found to be activated and 52 of them were fertilized. Forty-one 2- to 4-cell stage embryos developed from normally fertilized oocytes were transferred. At least two embryos were transferred to each female partner. Two pregnancies were achieved. Elongating spermatid injection may have a role in the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia.
Adult↗
Pharmacokinetics of cisplatin in combined cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil therapy: a comparative study of three different schedules of cisplatin administration.
BACKGROUND: Cisplatin is widely used in combination chemotherapy against a variety of tumors; however, the optimal administration schedule of cisplatin is still controversial. To clarify the pharmacokinetic differences according to the administration schedules of cisplatin, we compared three different administration schedules of cisplatin such as single short-term infusion, daily short-term infusion and daily continuous infusion in combination with 5-fluorouracil. Preliminary clinical responses and toxicities were also investigated. METHODS: A total of 12 courses in combination of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil therapy was studied. The schedules of cisplatin tested were as follows: single short-term infusion (80 mg/m2, day 1,2 h div., n = 4), daily short-term infusion (20 mg/m2, days 1 to 5, 2 h div., n = 4), daily continuous infusion (100 mg/m2, 120 h, n = 4). In all schedules, 5-fluorouracil was continuously administered at a dose of 800 mg/m2/day on days 1 to 5. The area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) and the maximum concentration (Cmax) of total and free Pt were investigated. RESULTS: The highest AUC of total and free Pt and the lowest Cmax of free Pt were observed in the daily continuous infusion (total AUC; 162.53 +/- 18.39 micrograms h/ml, free AUC; 5.50 +/- 0.9 micrograms h/ml, free Cmax; 0.07 +/- 0.01 microgram/ml, mean +/- SEM). Two patients in the single short-term infusion and one patient in the daily continuous infusion indicated partial responses clinically. No nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity was observed. All toxicities were mild and tolerable in all regimens; however, the incidence of GI toxicity in daily continuous infusion seemed to be relatively higher. CONCLUSIONS: Daily continuous infusion of cisplatin gave the best pharmacokinetic results and to evaluate the clinical advantage of this schedule a prospective randomized trial should be conducted with sufficient numbers of patients.
Aged↗
Comparative toxic effects of iobitridol and iohexol on the kidney.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors compare the toxic effects of iobitridol and iohexol, which are nonionic contrast media with equivalent osmolalities and viscosities on the kidney. METHODS: In a rat acute renal failure (ARF) model, iobitridol or iohexol (both at the dose of 2.87 g I/kg) were injected to rats after pretreatment with indomethacin and N omega-nitro-L-arginin methyl ester. The effects on histopathology, creatinine clearance, and urinary N-acethyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity were assessed. In a rat renal slice system, the slices were exposed to iobitridol or iohexol (both at the concentration range of 17.5-70 mg iodine/mL) for 60 min. The accumulation of para-aminohippuric acid (PAH), an organic anion, and the intracellular potassium content as the indicators of renal tubular injury were measured to assess the direct effects of iobitridol and iohexol on renal tubules. RESULTS: In the ARF model, no significant difference was detected between the effects of iobitridol and those of iohexol on the creatinine clearance and urinary NAG activity 24 hours after the injection. However, iobitridol produced a lower degree and incidence of renal tubular injury of renal proximal tubules (P < 0.001) and distal tubules (P < 0.05) compared with iohexol. In the rat renal slice system, the iobitridol treatment had significantly less effect on the PAH accumulation compared with iohexol (P < 0.001). There were no changes in the intracellular potassium content. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that iobitridol has significantly less toxic effects on the kidney compared with iohexol under the condition of our experiment.
Analysis of Variance↗
Participation of NK1.1+ T cells in the rejection of lpr alphabetaT cells when bone marrow cells of lpr mice are transplanted into B6 mice.
When C57BL/6 (B6) mice were irradiated (9 Gy) and received bone marrow (BM) cells of B6-lpr/lpr mouse origin (i.e., lpr-->B6), all mice died within 6 days. In the irradiated B6 mice, radioresistant CD3 IL-2Rbeta+ NK cells and IL-2Rbeta+ CD3int cells (i.e., CD3int cells of extrathymic origin) remained, especially in the liver. There were two subsets, NK1.1+ and NK1.1-, among the IL-2Rbeta+ CD3int cells. However, the NK1.1+ subset (i.e., NK1.1- T cells) was much more radioresistant, and the majority of CD3int cells belonged to this subset in irradiated mice. The expansion of lymphocytes from injected BM cells did not occur in the irradiated B6 mice. However, such expansion did take place in irradiated B6-lpr/lpr mice injected with both BM cells of B6-lpr/lpr and B6 origin. As a result, the mice subjected to BM cells survived. Irradiated B6 mice were treated in vivo with anti-NK1.1 mAb or anti-asialoGM1 antibody to eliminate NK cells alone or both NK cells and NK1.1+ T cells. When irradiated B6 mice were pretreated with anti-NK1.1 mAb, the mice could survive. These results suggest that intact NK1.1+ T cells of extrathymic origin may recognize abnormal BM cells with the lpr gene and inhibit the expansion of lymphocytes, including abnormal double-negative CD4 8 cells, in B6-lpr/lpr mice. To inhibit the expansion of lymphocytes, mechanisms other than Fas ligand/Fas molecules on extrathymic T cells may be responsible.
Animals↗
Clear cell odontogenic tumor in the mandible: report of a case with an immunohistochemical study of epithelial cell markers.
A rare case of clear cell odontogenic tumor is presented with an immunohistochemical study using epithelial cell markers. A 35-year-old Japanese man was admitted with a complaint of painless swelling in the anterior region of his mandible. Radiological examination showed a relatively well-defined multilocular radiolucency with root resorption of the adjacent teeth. Despite a subtotal mandibulectomy, the tumor recurred three times. Histologically, the tumor was composed of proliferating clear cells and infiltrated through the cancellous bone. Histochemical and ultrastructural analyses detected cytoplasmic glycogen granules in the clear cells. They showed immunoreactivities for cytokeratin 8, 13 and 19, filaggrin and anti-ameloblastoma antibodies, suggesting an odontogenic epithelial origin.
Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
Numerical analysis for stability and self-excited oscillation in collapsible tube flow.
This paper describes numerical analysis of collapsible tube flow based on the one-dimensional distributed parameter model of Hayashi. In the present model the effect of flow separation at the collapsed part is replaced with simple viscous friction along the tube, so no ad-hoc modeling for flow separation in former studies is required. A stable semi-implicit numerical procedure based on the SIMPLE method is developed for the problem of flow and tube interaction. The numerical result for a characteristic self-excited oscillation agrees qualitatively with the experimental result. Nonlinear stability of the steady state dependent on the amplitude of the disturbance is numerically investigated and the result is compared with the linear stability analysis based on the former lumped parameter model. Finally, initiation of the self-excited oscillation is examined by applying the initial disturbance at the upstream end of the tube. The disturbance propagates in the downstream direction and is amplified to the self-excited oscillation.
Compliance↗
Posterior occipital approach in deep brain stimulation for both pain and involuntary movement. A case report.
We report a patient with intractable left facial pain and severe hyperkinesia of the left arm who was successfully treated with deep brain stimulation. The stimulation lead was positioned to pierce both the sensory relay nucleus and the nucleus ventrointermedius of the thalamus in a single stereotactic trajectory through an occipital burr hole.
Brain↗