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Biomedical subjects

H Katayama

Publications and source records attributed to H Katayama.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[A case report of cystadenocarcinoma of the liver].

A 65-year-old woman with cystadenocarcinoma of the liver is reported, and 21 Japanese patients cited in the previous literature are reviewed. In our case, CT and US demonstrated a huge solid tumor with calcification in the right lobe of the liver. Angiograms showed a hypovascular tumor with peripheral irregular neovascularity. ERCP showed compression of the extrahepatic bile duct. Right lobectomy of the liver was performed. The pathological diagnosis was cystadenocarcinoma of the liver. In our case, it was difficult to diagnose cystadenocarcinoma because the cystic mass had viscious contents and necrotic tissues, so CT and US showed findings of a solid tumor.

Angiography↗
PubMed1984

Calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase in pig epidermis.

We investigated calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase in pig epidermis. Pig epidermal homogenates were centrifuged at 30,000 g for 30 min, and the supernatant was applied on a DEAE-cellulose column for purification. The partially purified enzyme was stimulated by simultaneous addition of Ca2+ and phospholipid. Successive addition of small amounts of diolein further activated the enzyme activity. The calcium-activated phospholipid-dependent protein kinase preferentially phosphorylated serine residues and its endogenous substrate protein in the pig epidermis has a molecular weight of about 97,000.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Impaired delayed hypersensitivity in lipoid nephrosis.

Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was evaluated in 76 patients with renal disease by summation of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DHS) responses to 4 test antigens, purified protein derivative (PPD), candida, mumps and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Patients with lipoid nephrosis (LN) in the nephrotic stage had less mean induration of skin reactivity and a smaller proportion reacting to the former 3 antigens as compared with normal controls or LN patients without the nephrotic syndrome (NS). In contrast, the intensity of skin reactivity and the frequency of negative reactions in LN patients in remission and chronic mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (CGN) were similar to those of the control subjects. Immune response to KLH was also impaired in LN patients with the NS as measured by skin testing. The data indicate an impaired DHS in LN and suggest that the impairment relates to the clinical stage of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Defective cell-mediated immunity in lipoid nephrosis.

Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was studied in 28 patients with biopsy-proven lipoid nephrosis (LN). The LN patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) had a significant depression in CMI, characterized by impaired delayed hypersensitivity skin reactivity to purified protein derivative (PPD), depressed local graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR), decreased proportion of T lymphocytes and diminished lymphocyte transformation to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced suppressor cell activity (SCA) was found to be significantly increased in LN patients with NS compared to that in normal individuals. In contrast, the mean levels of CMI and SCA studied in LN patients in remission and in patients with chronic mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (CGN) did not differ from normal subjects. Our findings support the notion that at least in some LN patients with the NS, activated suppressor cells are present and possibly account for their decreased CMI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Defective concanavalin A-induced suppressor cell activity in lupus nephritis.

To determine whether patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and active nephritis have more profound defects in suppressor cell activity, we studied concanavalin A (Con A)-induced suppressor cell activity (SCA) in 12 patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and 11 patients with chronic mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (CGN) without renal insufficiency. The levels of Con A-induced SCA were decreased in patients with LN compared with those in normal controls and those in CGN patients and lower in LN patients with the nephrotic syndrome (NS) than in those without NS. In contrast, the mean responses of Con-A-induced SCA in CGN patients with or without NS did not differ from normal subjects. These findings may lend further insight into the understanding of the immunoregulatory defect in LN.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Increased availability of propranolol in rats with uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure.

The effect of acute renal failure (ARF) on the pharmacokinetics of propranolol was investigated. The model of ARF was produced by the subcutaneous injection of uranyl nitrate to rats (10 mg/kg) and was used 3 d after treatment. Uranyl nitrate-treated rats showed significantly higher plasma concentrations of propranolol after oral administration and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve increased about 3-fold compared to control rats. The plasma disappearance of propranolol after intravenous administration did not differ significantly between control and ARF. The mean availability of propranolol after oral administration increased from 0.120 in control to 0.215 in ARF (p less than 0.005). Absorption of propranolol was almost complete and no significant difference was found between two groups. No changes in plasma protein binding of propranolol and hepatic blood flow were observed in ARF. On the other hand, hepatic clearance of propranolol determined by liver perfusion studies showed a significant reduction in ARF and the calculated intrinsic clearance of unbound propranolol at a dose of 6.25 mg was 26.8 +/- 2.3 ml/min in control and 16.0 +/- 2.3 ml/min in ARF (p less than 0.01). These results demonstrate that the oral availability of propranolol increased in ARF due to a reduction in the hepatic presystemic elimination as compared to healthy control rats.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

The influence of ultraviolet B irradiation on the excretion of the main urinary metabolite of prostaglandin F1 alpha and F2 alpha in psoriatic and normal subjects.

The influence of ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation on the excretion of the main urinary metabolite of prostaglandin F1 alpha and F2 alpha (PGF-MUM) in 7 normal male volunteers and 7 male patients with stable psoriasis was examined. The excretion of PGF-MUM was increased during the first 24 hours after UVB irradiation of back skin and was generally reduced to near pre-irradiation levels during the next 24 hours after irradiation, in both normal and psoriatic subjects. Although pre-irradiation levels of PGF-MUM excretion in psoriatic patients were lower than those in normal subjects as previously reported, it was demonstrated that PGF-MUM excretion after UVB irradiation in psoriatic patients was fairly increased and amounted to near the mean pre-irradiation level in normal subjects. These results suggested not only a disorder in endogenous prostaglandin synthesis in psoriatic patients but a considerable capacity of psoriatic skin to synthesize prostaglandin after UVB irradiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Improvement of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) with estriol treatment.

Two female patients suffering from progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) of generalized type were treated with estriol for 10 months. Although complete cure was not achieved, considerable beneficial effects were observed in these patients, but no serious side effects. Thus, skin softening was observed on all involved parts of these patients, which was accompanied by increased mobility of large or medium-sized joints and improved pigmentation and cyanotic redness on fingers and extremities. However, no apparent improvement of internal organ involvement could be detected. Histopathologically, a drastic reduction of homogenization of collagen bundles in the dermis of affected forearms was seen in these patients following estriol treatment. To our knowledge this is the first report of estriol therapy for PSS.

Collagen↗
PubMed1984

[The appraisal of biliary drainage for intrahepatic gall stones, with special reference to an end-to-side hepaticojejunostomy].

Between 1961 and 1983, eighty-six patients with intrahepatic gall stones were identified from a group of 1,140 patients admitted for cholelithiasis. Surgical procedures performed in this series were 37 choledochotomies with external biliary drainages, 33 transduodenal papilloplasties, 37 bilioenteric anastomosis and 15 hepatectomies. In the long term follow up studies after surgical treatment by each procedures, the favorite results were obtained in 41.2% of cases with choledochotomies with external drainages, in 34.4% of cases with transduodenal papilloplasties, in 82.4% of cases with bilioenteric anastomosis and in 88.7% of cases with hepatectomies. Hepatectomy seemed to be a most effective treatment for the prevention of recurrence of stones. However, if the calculi were in the right or both of hepatic lobes, hepatectomy might be a high risk operation and technical proficiency were required in operation. In such cases, we performed an end to side anastomosis between the common hepatic duct and the jejunum (Roux en Y anastomosis) for the postoperative endoscopic lithotomy. In this operation the jejunal stump was made to be an enterocutaneous fistula for the later percutaneous endoscopic lithotomy. This operation has the following advantages; 1) the time of operation were shortened in the removal of stones because of this operation were performed for the postoperative endoscopic lithotomy, 2) retrograde cholangitis was less likely to develop than other operations, 3) retained stones dropped into bowel easily by making a big anastomotic stoma, 4) the cholangioscope could be inserted into either bile ducts of the right and left hepatic lobes, 5) the fistula would be able to be reused for the endoscopic treatment at later recurrence of intrahepatic gall stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Interrelationship between tumorigenicity and the chemical nature of N-methyl-N'-aryl-N-nitrosoureas.

The tumorigenic activity of a series of N-methyl-N'-aryl-N-nitrosoureas (I-X) on mouse skin was investigated in comparison with that of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). The tumorigenic potency of I-X was less than that of MNU, although the former are much stronger mutagens; and no correlations were found between the tumorigenicity of I-X and their mutagenicity. The major tumors induced by the methoxy and methyl derivatives, both of which have high lipophilicity, were sarcomas (fibrosarcomas and fibroanaplastic, anaplastic, and pleomorphic cell sarcomas) in contrast to the fact that squamous cell carcinomas were the major tumors induced by MNU. Although the nitrosoureas were not administered intragastrically to the animals, squamous cell carcinomas were observed in the forestomachs of mice treated with I-X, but no tumors were produced in the stomachs by MNU. Adenocarcinomas were found in the lungs of mice treated with all the nitrosoureas. Hyperplastic nodules were observed in the livers of mice treated with methoxy and hydrogen derivatives, while cysts were found with methyl derivatives.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1983

Role of glucagon in increase of hepatic glycerate kinase of adult and neonatal rats.

An increase of rat liver glycerate kinase [ATP: D-glycerate 2-phosphotransferase EC 2.7.1.31] on protein feeding, on starvation or during fetal and neonatal development was studied from the viewpoint of the role of glucagon as the mediator. On starvation and during fetal and neonatal development, glycerate kinase in the cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions increased approximately in the same ratio. Glucagon in plasma increased under these conditions and glucagon administration increased glycerate kinase in both intracellular fractions approximately in the same ratio. The above results suggested that glucagon functions as at least one of the mediators for these processes. In diabetic rats, only a slight increase of the enzyme in both intracellular fractions was observed. Protein feeding, however, strongly increased the mitochondrial enzyme. Glucagon failed to mediate this function of dietary protein for the mitochondrial enzyme.

Age Factors↗