Biomedical subjects

H Kassinove

Publications and source records attributed to H Kassinove.

14 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1997

Development of a Russian State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory.

We examined the possible universality of Spielberger's (1988) model of anger by validating a Russian State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). In Eckhardt, Kassinove, Tsytsarev, and Sukhodolsky (1995), support was found for all STAXI factors except anger-in, using students from St. Petersburg State University. In the present study, 346 students from Russian high schools and the Pavlov Medical School served as subjects. Using new items, we found strong support for the factor structure hypothesized by Spielberger. All scales showed good to excellent alphas, and there was substantial similarity of the current means with results from the earlier study. The Russian samples, however, showed a lower level of state anger. The data support the possibility that state anger consists of two subscales, a simple experience and an experience combined with an action tendency. Trait anger occurs as a general temperament or as a reaction to specific triggers. It is positively related to anger-out and negatively related to anger control. Future studies can use this instrument to evaluate the stability of anger in Russian speaking populations, and to assess anger experiences and expression in response to specific triggers.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Behavior therapy in Russia.

The development of behavior therapy in Russia is discussed within the context of the evolution of Russian psychology. The pre-revolutionary contributions of Sechenov, Grot, Pavlov, and Bekhterev to the conceptual foundation of behaviorism in Russia are examined. This is followed by a discussion of the marked impact of social and political influences on the development of therapeutic methods from 1917 onward. Major milestones in the development of behavior therapy are examined. Finally, it is noted that the current period of openness provides an expanded opportunity to teach behavior therapy which has so far been limited to major Russian cities.

Behavior Therapy↗

PubMed1995

A Russian version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory: preliminary data.

Spielberger's (1988) State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory represents a conceptual advance over previous anger measures. It measures both immediate anger experiences and longer term dispositions to experience anger, as well as modes of anger expression. In American samples, the inventory has been shown to be both internally consistent and conceptually valid. This study presents initial data on a Russian version of the inventory. Our subjects were 120 students from St. Petersburg University and 31 psychiatric patients from the St. Petersburg Top Security Hospital. The results provide initial support for Spielberger's factorial model of anger in a Russian sample. All of the scales, with the exception of Anger-In, showed good alpha coefficients, and the means were generally similar to those found in American subgroups. Russian men scored higher on Anger-Out than did Russian women. Determination of subgroup norms in larger samples will allow us to explore further the cross-national similarity of anger in Russia and America.

Anger↗

PubMed1992

Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses of irrational language with clinical and nonclinical subjects.

Recent formulations of rational-emotive theory posit a four-factor stylistic model of irrational thinking. These factors include Demandingness, Awfulizing, I-Can't-Stand-It-Itis, and Self-Damnation. This study involved a semantic analysis of 16 linguistic variates hypothesized by Ellis and Dryden (1987) and frequently used in clinical practice to represent the four factors. Four variations of a 6-point, Likert-type questionnaire were developed to tap the four factors and the linguistic variates. Subjects were 260 university students and 150 clinical patients, who completed either all four variations (one variation every 2 weeks over a 6-week period) or a single variation only. Confirmatory factor analyses generally failed to support the four-factor model. Exploratory factor analyses suggested that a general factor of irrationality may exist in clinical populations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Effects of counselor's profanity and subject's religiosity on content acquisition of a counseling lecture and behavioral compliance.

Effects of counselor's profanity and subject's religiosity on acquisition of lecture content and behavioral compliance were investigated. 40 male and 80 female undergraduate students volunteered to attend a lecture about "coping with problems of daily living." They were divided into low, medium, or high religiosity groups based upon scores on Rohrbough and Jessor's Religiosity Scale. Each subject listened to a 15-min, videotaped rational-emotive mental health presentation which included a recommendation that they pick up a card (initial compliance) and send for a free book (delayed compliance) expanding upon the principles discussed in the tape. Half listened to a tape containing 16 profane words and half watched a nonprofane tape. At the end of the tape subjects were given a test on content. Analysis showed that profanity had a negative effect on acquisition of content and on initial compliance. Religiosity had no effect on any of the dependent variables. In contrast to the behavior modeled by some senior clinical practitioners, it was concluded that counselors be wary of using profanity in an initial session. Also, in keeping with the 1989 recommendations of Heppner and Claiborn, the importance of studying behavioral measures in influence studies was stressed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Irrational thinking and negative emotionality in college students and applicants for mental health services.

Although Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET) would posit that greater levels of irrationality and negative emotionality will be found in distressed persons, this basic hypothesis has never been examined. In this study, 60 normal university students and 45 new client applicants for mental health services completed the Survey of Personal Beliefs to assess irrational ideation and the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the State-Trait Anger Inventory, the Problematic Situations Questionnaire, and the Profile of Mood States to assess negative emotionality. As predicted, the clinical group was found to be more anxious (p less than .01), more depressed (p less than .01), more confused (p less than .01), less vigorous (p less than .05), and to report lower frustration tolerance (p less than .05) as compared to the normal group. Overall, clinical subjects did not show higher levels of irrational thinking. However, clinical subjects with high depression scores had significantly higher overall irrational ideation in contrast to those in the normal group with low depression scores (p less than .05). Finally, significant correlations were found between overall irrational ideation and Trait Anger (p less than .01) and between overall irrational ideation and Total Guilt (p less than .05). Because the clinical group was significantly older by 10 years, replication with a larger number of subjects of equal ages is recommended.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1989

Psychometric properties of the Survey of Personal Beliefs: a rational-emotive measure of irrational thinking.

A test consistency and confirmatory factor analyses were performed on the Survey of Personal Beliefs, a new measure of irrational thinking based on rational-emotive personality theory. The survey, which was logically derived, includes a general rationality factor and subscales measuring five hypothesized core categories of irrational beliefs. Subjects included a nonclinical sample of 130 men and 150 women, with a mean age of 46. Results indicated that the Survey of Personal Beliefs had satisfactory total and scale reliability. The confirmatory analyses supported a higher order factor model including 5 first-order factors ( awfulizing, self-directed shoulds, other-directed shoulds, low frustration tolerance, and self-worth) and 1 second-order or general factor.

Adult↗

PubMed1980