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Biomedical subjects

H Karl

Publications and source records attributed to H Karl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Variation of toxaphene indicator compounds in fish from single fishing grounds: conclusions for sampling.

The levels of three toxaphene indicator compounds were determined in individual lots of herring, redfish, Greenland halibut and farmed salmon. Concentration levels of the three marine fish species were characterised by a right-skewed frequency distribution whereas residue concentrations in farmed salmon were normally distributed. The toxaphene concentrations in the edible part of redfish, herring and Greenland halibut were found to be positively correlated to the sizes and thus to age. As results show, for representative sampling of a landed catch, not more than 10 individual fishes from typical size classes of a lot are necessary for a pooled sample.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Levels of chlordane compounds in fish muscle, -meal, -oil and -feed.

Cis-, trans-, oxychlordane and trans-nonachlor were determined in the edible part of more than 140 fish samples of 15 different species and in fish meal, -oil and fish feed. The investigated fish included most of the important fish species consumed in Germany. Highest concentrations were found in muscle of marine fish with high or moderate fat content, but also in eel and farmed salmon. Marine fish with low fat content contained only traces of chlordane in the muscle tissue. A relationship between fishing ground and levels of chlordane could not be established. Contamination level of herring was related to the age (length) of the fish. Data are also given for contamination levels of fish meal, -oil and -feed.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1998

Levels of toxaphene indicator compounds in fish meal, fish oil and fish feed.

Three toxaphene indicator compounds were determined in fish oil and fish meal of different origin and raw material as well as in feed containing fish oil and fish meal. Fish oil and fish meal from South America contained no or only traces of the indicator congeners. The sum of the three compounds varied in fish oils from Europe between 13 micrograms/kg fat (sand eel oil) and 206 micrograms/kg fat (cod oil). Varying concentrations were also determined in European fish meal and in feed. Toxaphene indicator compounds were as well detected in trout and salmon fed with toxaphene residues containing feed. Results indicate that feed can contribute to toxaphene contamination of farmed salmon from Europe.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1996

Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked fishery products from different smoking kilns.

The levels of 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were determined by an HPLC method with fluorescence and UV detection and by a GC/MS technique in smoked fishery products from modern smoking kilns with external smoke generation and from traditional smoking kilns. The average benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) concentration of all 35 samples from commercial smoking kilns with external smoke generation was 0.1 microgram/kg (wet weight) and the sum of the carcinogenic compounds determined in the study, i.e. benz(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene and indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene did not exceed 4.5 micrograms/kg (wet weight). The BaP levels of the 27 smoked fish samples from traditional kilns ranged from 0.2 microgram/kg to 4.1 micrograms/kg, with a mean value of 1.2 micrograms BaP/kg. The average concentration of the sum of the carcinogenic compounds was 9.0 micrograms/kg. Large variations were found in the content of the non-carcinogenic PAHs phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene in all samples from both types of smoking kilns.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Intensive treatment in order to minimize the Ph-positive clone in CML. Danish-Swedish CML Group.

With the rationale that a significant reduction of the malignant clone in CML might prolong time to metamorphosis, intensive treatment was given to patients < or = 55 years. Six months of hydroxyurea and high dose interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) was followed by one to three courses of intensive chemotherapy. Patients who had a donor were allotransplanted and patients who became Ph-negative in bone marrow were autotransplanted. On 1 May 1995, 160 patients were registered in the study. Fifty-one percent of the patients who received six months IFN-alpha and hydroxyurea had a significant Ph-reduction and 5% became Ph-negative. The corresponding figures after two intensive chemotherapy courses were 47 and 28%, respectively. Twenty-seven of 30 autotransplanted patients have been analysed for Ph. Seventeen have relapsed cytogenetically, while ten are Ph-negative 1-64 + months after ABMT. BMT was performed in 59 patients. The actuarial 6-year survival from diagnosis of all 160 registered patients is 68%, which seems to be better than for age-matched historical controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Organochlorine residues in the edible part of eels of different origins.

Fifty-four eel samples from 11 different countries were analysed by capillary gas chromatography for levels of the pesticides aldrin, endrin, hexachlorobenzene, alpha- and beta-BHC, lindane, heptachlor, octachlorostyrene, pp'-DDT, pp'-DDD, pp'-DDE, and for the levels of the PCB congeners 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180. Wild eels, especially from the Baltic Sea area, had elevated contents compared to farmed eels. The mean contamination level reached only 1-5% of the allowable values given by German directives and never exceeded the official limits.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Solubilization of fish muscle proteins with buffers containing sodium dodecyl sulfate.

The extraction of fish muscle protein using SDS containing solubilization buffers was studied varying the time and the temperature of solubilization, as well as pH and SDS concentration of the buffer. At pH less than 6 the myofibrillar proteins were incompletely solubilized; temperatures of 80-100 degrees C resulted in protein degradation observable in the SDS-PAGE. Samples of fish muscle containing high amounts of formaldehyde (50 mmoles FA/kg wet weight) could only be solubilised at 100 degrees C; on the other hand it was possible to solubilize cooked and/or canned products under mild conditions (2% SDS, 1% 2-ME, pH 8.9, shaking for 2 h at 60 degrees C).

Actomyosin↗
PubMed1985

A controlled trial of hypnotherapy in tinnitus.

A group of 14 patients with unilateral tinnitus were selected because of the constant nature of their tinnitus, and its resistance to all other forms of therapy. They were subjected to hypnosis in three forms in random order. The induction of a trance state alone formed the control arm of the trial. Compared to this were the effects of 'ego boosting' and active suppression of tinnitus whilst in a trance state. One of the 14 patients showed a highly significant response to the latter treatment as judged by visual analogue scales. Five of the 14 patients (36%) found the induction of a hypnotic state of value. This seemed to help them tolerate their tinnitus better, although its loudness and quality were unaltered.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1980

[Results of artificial immunization of Rh-negative persons for the production of anti-D(RhO)-antibodies].

By means of a recording sheet the data about 62 artificially immunised male persons are evaluated retrospectively. 51 of them (82.3%) were anti-D-antibodies, with 41 of them having a high titer sufficient for gaining plasma. 2/3 of all test persons formed an accompanying antibody anti-C. In order to avoid this, persons of Rh-formula Cde may be included into artificial immunisation. An anti-E as an accompanying antibody was found in 2/3 of those test persons who had received injections of cDE blood. The blood of this Rh-formula will yield better immunising results than cDe blood. It was only in three immunised persons (4.8%) that side effects with a light or medium course of seriousness could be observed. It is necessary to develop immunobiological investigation methods to recognize those persons prior to the arteficial immunisation, who are suitable or unsuitable for anti-D-antibody formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Make a diagnosis].

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Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1977

[Preparative approach to mannobiose and laminaribiose (author's transl)].

For synthetic purposes mannobiose is isolated from the polysaccharide mannan of ivory nut flower. The chain length of mannan A is determined to approximately 15 mannose units on average with a definite distribution from 5 to 25 mannose units. Acetolysis is optimized and yields 41% mannobiose. The separation on Sephadex G-15 yields pure mannobiose, and in addition its higher homologues in gram amounts. Detection of the eluates is performed using a differential refractometer. Correspondingly laminaribiose can be obtained from the polysaccharides laminaran (brown algae Laminaria hyperborea) and pachyman (fungus Poria cocos Wolf, Bukuryo) by selectively optimized acetolysis in 30% yield. Depending on the starting material separations are favourably performed on silica gel or on Sephadex G-15. Laminaribiose and its higher homologues are obtained in gram amounts.

Chemical Phenomena↗