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Biomedical subjects

H Kangarloo

Publications and source records attributed to H Kangarloo.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Ultrasonography of cystic renal dysplasia.

Cystic renal dysplasia, classified by Osathanondh and Potter as renal cystic disease types II and IV, is probably the result of urinary tract obstruction in fetal life. Since these kidneys function poorly, sonography plays a more significant role in their diagnosis than excretory urography. Familiarity with the sonographic spectrum of cystic renal dysplasia will help the physician to make an accurate diagnosis, and may obviate the need for unnecessary invasive procedures.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1981

Ultrasonography of mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome.

Clinical findings associate mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS) with diffuse arteritis leading to the formation of large aneurysms. Ultrasound assists in the diagnosis of the associated aneurysms, and aids the clinical management of the patients.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1981

"Antral dysmotility". An unrecognized cause of chronic vomiting during infancy.

Ten infants who were less than nine months of age and had chronic nonbilious vomiting were evaluated for gastroesophageal reflux. Upper gastrointestinal series in all showed delayed gastric emptying, a funnel-shaped antrum, absent antral peristalsis, and gastroesophageal reflux. None had evidence of anatomic obstruction in the stomach or duodenum. Manometric studies of the esophagus revealed either normal (4 patients) or elevated (6 patients) lower esophageal sphincter pressures. One-hour esophageal pH probe tests were negative in seven of the ten infants. This obstruction to gastric emptying appears to represent a disorder of antral motility. Medical management, which consisted of small frequent feedings and postural therapy, was successful in six of the infants. The remaining four patients required pyloroplasty. All of the infants are now asymptomatic and gaining weight at either a normal or accelerated rate for their ages. Familiarity with this previously undescribed disorder should prevent the incorrect diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux secondary to lower esophageal sphincter incompetence and the resulting inappropriate surgical reconstruction.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1980

Chest radiography in pediatric allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Pulmonary complications in children receiving allogeneic bone marrow transplants are frequent and produce complex and confusing chest radiographic abnormalities. A simplified approach to the interpretation of the latter is presented. The development of patchy, parenchymal densities that are usually bilateral and rapidly progressive indicates a pneumonia. These are the most common complication within two months of transplantation. A combined alveolar and interstitial pattern in a perihilar distribution within two months of transplantation indicates pulmonary edema. A diffuse, bilateral reticulonodular pattern occurring more than two months following transplantation signifies the radiographic onset of interstitial lung disease. The development of diffuse, bilateral alveolar opacification extending to the periphery of the lung fields and associated with volume loss and air bronchograms indicates the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Etiologies are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

The ultrasound spectrum of prune-belly syndrome.

The sonographic features of prune-belly syndrome are illustrated and described, corresponding to a classification based on clinical and radiographic findings. The severity of urinary tract involvement determines to which group a given patient is assigned. In group I, the kidneys are dysplastic, with no appreciable surrounding renal parenchyma. In group II, there is marked dilatation of the ureter and mild dilatation or no dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces. In group III, the involvement is milder, ranging from the sonographic findings typical of group II to those of normal-appearing urinary tract.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasonographic spectrum of choledochal cysts in children.

Four different sonographic patterns which may be encountered in choledochal cyst are described. The most common form is concentric dilatation of the common bile duct (Type I). Rarely eccentric dilatation of the common bile duct, diverticulum, may be seen (Type II). Both forms of the disease may (Types IB and IIB) or may not (Types IA and IIA) be asso"iated with intrahepatic biliary dilatation.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Jejunal intussusception in children.

Jejunal intussusception in children is an uncommon form of intussusception often presenting with chronic intermittent abdominal pain and weight loss. Two cases of jejunal intussusception caused by enteric duplication are presented. It is concluded that in the absence of generalized small bowel disease, enteric duplication is the most likely cause of jejunal intussusception in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasonic diagnosis of infrahepatic interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos (hemiazygos) continuation.

Two patients with infrahepatic interruption of the inferior vena cava (IVC) with azygos (hemiazygos) continuation were examined ultrasonographically and the findings compared to seven normal studies. Pathognomonic ultrasonographic features of this anomaly are easily demonstrated and include absence of the IVC at the level of the liver and independent drainage of the confluence of hepatic veins into the right atrium. Conventional venography can now be replaced by ultrasonic examination to establish this diagnosis. The embryology, anatomy and clinical implications of this entity are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in children.

Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in children. Ultrasonography should be a primary screening test because it allows rapid evaluation of the gallbladder and identifies other possible causes of the symptomatology. The presence of a thickened gallbladder wall, cholelithiasis, or a nonvisualized gallbladder indicates gallbladder disease. Since acalculous cholecystitis is more common in children than it is in adults, it is particularly important to examine the gallbladder wall carefully for evidence of thickening.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux in the pediatric patient.

In the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux, no one diagnostic test is sufficiently reliable to use alone in the determination and evaluation of significant gastroesophageal reflux. When two or more studies are positive, then significant gastroesophageal reflux is present. Both the barium examination and the Tuttle test had a higher percentage of positive studies, than did the manometric examination. In those patients who do not respond to medical management, surgery provided a significant cure rate, with no mortality in the group examined and an extremely low rate of morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasonic evaluation of abdominal gastrointestinal tract duplication in children.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of a suspected abdominal mass in children is becoming routine. Recognition of a rare congenital anomaly known as duplication of the gastrointestinal tract might aid in diagnosis and obviate the need for an extensive workup. Two cases are presented that clearly demonstrate the ultrasonographic spectrum of findings in this condition, ranging from a sonolucent cyst to an echogenic mass. An echogenic inner rim seen ultrasonographically is highly suggestive of the diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Radiographic manifestations of bone marrow transplantation in children.

Radiographically detectable complications in 35 children after bone marrow transplant are reviewed. These complications are most frequently due to infection, chemoradiotherapeutic toxicity, and graft versus host disease (a transplant rejection phenomenon peculiar to bone marrow transplant patients). The pulmonary complications within the first 2 months are secondary to a form of interstitial lung disease. Interstitial lung disease has a strong correlation with graft versus host disease. Extrapulmonary visceral complications include hepatosplenomegaly, nephromegaly, and hemorrhagic cystitis. These are due to graft versus host disease, radiation, and chemotherapeutic toxicities, respectively. Sinusitis, cerebral atrophy, and intracerebral hematomas are less frequent complications. Osteoporosis due to steroids is the single most important osseous complication.

Adolescent↗