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H Kamma

Publications and source records attributed to H Kamma.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Histopathological study of juvenile thyroid carcinoma].

We have examined 12 cases of juvenile thyroid carcinoma histopathologically. The characteristics uncovered of juvenile thyroid carcinoma have been summarized below. 1) The predominant histological type was a papillary carcinoma with abundant follicular components. Which was inclined to show trabecular and solid pattern. 2) The growth pattern was highly infiltrative, showing a frequent extrathyroidal extension, a wide intrathyroid spread, and a severe involvement of the lymph nodes. 3) Many psammoma bodies were observed frequently. 4) Remarkable lymphocytic infiltration was seen in the thyroid around the tumor, and in one case it resembled chronic thyroiditis. In addition, a case of a multicentric papillary carcinoma showed unusual histological features.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Lymphocytic infiltration in juvenile thyroid carcinoma.

In this study, the significance of lymphocytic infiltration in juvenile thyroid carcinoma is clarified. We examined nine patients younger than 20 years of age. Histopathologically, there was good correlation between lymphocytic infiltration and the development and spread of carcinoma. It is believed that lymphocytic infiltration around the tumor is an immunologic reaction induced by antigens from the carcinoma itself, and also that the reaction may progress according to tumor development. Immunocytochemically, we determined what type of inflammatory cells infiltrated the thyroid and demonstrated HLA-DR expression in the cancer cells. These findings are similar to autoimmune thyroiditis in which antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) works as a main immunomechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Radiolabeled monoclonal antibody 15 and its fragments for localization and imaging of xenografts of human lung cancer.

Monoclonal antibody (MAb) 15 and its F(ab')2 and Fab fragments were radioiodinated, and their biodistribution and imaging were compared in BALB/c nude mice bearing a xenograft of a human lung cancer (TKB-2). Association constants for 125I-labeled MAb 15 IgG, F(ab')2, and Fab were 1.9 X 10(9), 1.8 X 10(9), and 3.7 X 10(8) M-1, respectively. Immunoreactive fractions ranged from 0.59 to 0.50. Cultured TKB-2 cells expressed 1.1 X 10(4) binding sites/cell for MAb 15 IgG in vitro. The binding of a control antibody and the binding of its fragments to TKB-2 cells were less than 3% of the input doses. The mice with the TKB-2 tumors were given simultaneous injections of 10 microCi of 131I-labeled MAb 15 or its fragments and 10 microCi of 125I-labeled control IgG or its fragments. With MAb 15 IgG, the percentage of the injected dose bound per gram of tissue (ID/g) of the tumor was 3.68% at day 7, when the localization index (LI) was 4.38. At day 2 after MAb 15 F(ab')2 injection, 1.12% of the ID/g was localized in the tumor and the LI was 3.04. After MAb 15 Fab injection, the percentage of the ID/g of the tumor was 0.31% and the LI was 2.58 at day 1. MAb 15 IgG, F(ab')2, and Fab cleared from the blood early, with a half-life of 33, 16, and 9 hours, respectively. The distributions of MAb 15 and its fragments in the normal organs did not differ from those of the control. Radioimaging with 100 microCi of 131I-labeled MAb 15 and its fragments showed that 42%, 44%, and 32% of the total-body count were localized in the tumor with IgG at day 7, F(ab')2 at day 2, or Fab at day 1, respectively. Because the radioactivity remaining in the tumor with Fab was low, the image was insufficient. Throughout the period, less than 10% of the control IgG and its fragments remained in the tumor. Microautoradiography confirmed the binding of MAb 15 and its fragments to the tumor cells. In this study the F(ab')2 was the best compromise between the slowly cleared IgG and the poorly localized Fab in tumor imaging.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Radiolocalization of xenografted human lung cancer with monoclonal antibody 8 in nude mice.

A monoclonal antibody (MAb) 8 [immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3)], directed against a Mr 48,000 human lung cancer-associated antigen, was radiolabeled with either 125I or 131I, and its biodistribution was studied in nude mice bearing human lung cancer (TKB-2) over a 7-day period. 125I-labeled MAb 8 increased its binding to the tumor during the period, while the binding of 125I-labeled control IgG3 declined after initial uptake. At Day 7, percentages of injected dose of 125I-labeled MAb 8 bound to the tumor rose to 7.4%, which was a 4.4-fold increase from Day 1 and 16-fold binding of 125I-labeled control IgG3 at the same day. Tumor:blood ratios became 2.7:1 at Day 7, and tumor:liver, tumor:spleen, and tumor:kidney ratios were more than 9:1. Normal organs showed no significant uptake of 125I-labeled MAb 8, compared with those of 125I-labeled control IgG3. A clear image of the xenografted tumor was obtained at Day 5, and it further improved at Day 7, when 60% of whole body radioactivity was localized to the tumor. Autoradiography of the mouse with tumor confirmed the excellent localization of 125I-labeled MAb 8 to the tumor, although the radioactivity of the tumor was not uniformly distributed. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis showed that most of the radioactivity was present at the tumor in the form of degraded immunoglobulin. MAb 8 has a potential usefulness in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Two murine monoclonal antibodies against human lung cancer-associated antigens.

Two murine monoclonal antibodies, MAb 8 (immunoglobulin G3 kappa) and MAb 15 (immunoglobulin G1 kappa), were produced after immunization with TKB-2, a variant cell line of human small cell carcinoma of the lung. In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, these antibodies reacted with four major types of lung cancer cell lines and various extrapulmonary tumor cell lines. Immunohistological study, however, showed highly specific binding to lung cancers; MAb 8 bound to 68% of 65 lung cancers, and MAb 15 bound to 72% of them. Interestingly, both antibodies were more reactive with non-small cell than small cell lung cancers and bound most frequently to large cell carcinoma. Most extrapulmonary tumor tissues were negative in staining with a few exceptions; endodermal sinus tumor (two of two) was positive to both antibodies, breast carcinoma (one of five) to MAb 8, gastric carcinoma (one of three), and malignant melanoma (one of one) to MAb 15. Cross-reactions with normal tissues were limited; MAb 8 reacted with adult and fetal lung, and MAb 15 with esophagus and renal tubules. MAb 8 recognized a Mr 48,000 glycoprotein antigen (carbohydrates as its epitope), and MAb 15 recognized two proteins (Mr 85,000 and 45,000) (peptides as their epitopes). These two antibodies, detecting novel antigens extensively associated with and highly specific to lung cancers, are potentially useful for the study of lung cancer.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary vasculature in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: a morphometric study.

The pulmonary vascular alterations of seven patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) were morphometrically examined, and the relation between the vascular alterations and morphological status of the hearts was studied. Most patients with IDC showed not only fibrous thickening of small pulmonary veins but also intimal circumferential fibrosis and medial hypertrophy of small pulmonary muscular arteries to various degrees. The histological features of the pulmonary vessels were compatible with hypertensive vascular changes observed in patients with mitral stenosis. There was a significant correlation between medial hypertrophy of the pulmonary muscular arteries and right ventricular hypertrophy. The pulmonary vascular changes in IDC were always associated with left atrioventricular dilatation, but were only found in patients with prominent hypertrophy of the left ventricles. Medial hypertrophy of the pulmonary muscular arteries was related more to left ventricular hypertrophy than to left ventricular dilatation. These findings suggest that the pulmonary vascular changes in IDC are caused by venous pulmonary hypertension, which may be developed at the late stage when left ventricular hypertrophy predominates.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Does earlier detection of lung cancer on mass screening improve outcome in younger and middle-age patients?

In order to demonstrate clinicopathological features, especially in relation to the detection of lung cancer in younger (<40 years) and middle-aged patients, a total of 850 patients with lung cancer were analyzed with reference to their basis for detection. Asymptomatic patients in their forties and fifties diagnosed on mass screening had higher prevalence rate of surgically resectable disease and better three-year survival compared with patients who required medical attention because of symptoms. Our results suggest that mass screening for patients under the age of 50 years does not change the outcome, however, patients in the age group 50-59 years receive some benefit in our screening system.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term cure of a malignant lymphoma of the pleural cavity treated by irradiation.

Malignant lymphomas arise in the pleura in association with a long-standing chronic tuberculous pyothorax. We report a case of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the pleural cavity, inoperable because of local invasion into thoracic wall, who has survived more than 6 years without recurrence. This patient represents the longest reported survival after radiation therapy alone. Radiotherapy holds an important role in the treatment of locally advanced lymphoma of the pleural cavity.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lung cancer in middle-aged patients.

Clinicopathological features of middle-aged lung cancer patients were investigated in 1016 consecutive patients. Among them, 22.8% of patients were in their forties and fifties. The preponderance of adenocarcinomas and the higher female/male ratio in middle-aged groups compared with the older group were findings similar to those observed in younger patients. Smoking habit increased according to the age groups. Middle-aged patients had a propensity for advanced stage, however, survival was not inferior to younger patients. Middle-aged patients consisted of two different groups of patients, whose characteristics were similar to those observed in either younger or elderly patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast cancer shortly after the diagnosis of interstitial pneumonia associated with polymyositis.

Polymyositis is sometimes associated with pulmonary fibrosis or malignant diseases, however, rarely with both simultaneously. For such patients, no criterion for initial treatment and tapering of steroid has been reported. We describe a patient who had breast cancer and interstitial pneumonia associated with polymyositis. In this case, slow tapering of the steroid was an important aspect of the treatment, and close clinical follow-up was necessary to monitor for disease exacerbation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management of small cell lung cancer in elderly.

BACKGROUND: There is increasing interest in the treatment of elderly small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients, however the patients enrolled in clinical studies are strictly selected elderlies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the treatment of consecutive unselected patients more than 70 years of age in whom SCLC were diagnosed over the past 22 years. RESULTS: In patients who received cisplatin-containing chemotherapy, response rate(RR) and mean survival time(MST) were 53.8% and 9 months. Whereas, in patients who were treated with carboplatin-containing chemotherapy, RR and MST were 72.0% and 7 months. The latter group included the patients whose doses of carboplatinum was reduced 20 to 50% in the first course of treatment. There was no difference found in RR, survival, and incidence of toxicity between these chemotherapy groups. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that in elderly SCLC patients, carboplatin could be substituted for cisplatin without apparent loss of therapeutic efficacy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Smoking and smoking-related lung cancer in female patients.

Smoking is the primary factor responsible for the epidemic of squamous cell lung cancer (SqLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), however, there have been few studies which reported the relationship between smoking and SCLC in female patients. To examine the relationship between smoking and SCLC and SqLC in female patients, a retrospective chart review was performed in 877 patients with lung cancer diagnosed at Tsukuba University Hospital. In both SCLC and SqLC, the proportions of non-smokers were higher in female patients than those of male patients (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, respectively). A significant difference in smoking history was found between female and male patients who were diagnosed with SqLC and SCLC (p = 0.0001). In female patients, active smoking seems less responsible for the occurrence of smoking-related lung cancer compared with male patients, which suggests passive smoking influence the development of smoking-related lung cancer, especially in female patients.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of hnRNP B1 in four major histological types of lung cancers.

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein B1 is one of the nuclear pre-mRNA binding proteins involved in RNA metabolism. Recently, over-expression of B1 has been reported to be useful in the early detection of squamous cell carcinomas of the lung. To elucidate its significance in other histological types of lung cancers, we carried out a comparative study, four major types of lung cancers and normal lung tissues. 37 surgical specimens were examined using a B1-specific monoclonal antibody (2B2). Immunohistochemically, 2B2 demonstrated B1 protein in the nuclei not only of squamous cell carcinoma (10/10) but also of adenocarcinoma (17/18), small cell carcinoma (5/5) and large cell carcinoma (3/4). A lesser amount of B1 protein was also detected in normal cells. Quantitative immunoblotting revealed that B1 expression was markedly higher in cancer tissues than normal tissues and it varied among the four histological types. To establish the usefulness of B1, a threshold should be set for over-expression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outcome of patients with lung cancer detected by mass screening versus presentation with symptoms.

Lung cancers in the early stages are frequently detected via mass screening in Japan. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of patients with lung cancer detected via mass screening and to compare them to those in whom the malignancy was detected by symptoms. A total of 774 untreated patients with lung cancer who were admitted to Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tsukuba University Hospital over a 20 year period up to 1995, were analyzed with reference to their reasons for detection of the cancer. In the mass screened group(116 patients), 50.0% of lung cancer was detected at stage I of TNM classification, while only 8.2% of patients with symptoms(561 patients) had stage I lung cancer (p = 0.0001). As lung cancers detected via mass screening were more often at operable stage (stage I, II or IIIA) (p = 0.0001), surgical treatment was chosen more frequently in the mass screened group(p = 0.0001). The outcome of patients with lung cancer detected via mass screening was more favorable than that of the patients detected by their symptoms (p = 0.0002). The early detection of lung cancer via mass screening contributes to improvement of the outcome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pleural effusion as a significant prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer.

UNLABELLED: In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pleural effusion is a frequently observed complication, and often provides a treatment difficulties. The aim of this study is to evaluate prognostic significance of pleural effusion in patients with NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven hundred and eight untreated patients with NSCLC who were consecutively admitted to our department over a 20 year period up to December 1996, were analyzed using uni- and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed pleural effusion to be a significant prognostic factor for NSCLC, in addition to gender, stage, performance status(PS). Multivariate analysis proved pleural effusion to be one of the significant prognostic factors, especially in patients with poor PS. CONCLUSION: Adequate palliative care to provide prolonged quality survival remains the primary goal of therapy for patients with poor performance status and pleural effusion until better treatments are developed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combined effects of TNP-470 and taxol in human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.

The effects of TNP-470, one of the promising antiangiogenic agents and taxol when combined were evaluated in two human cultured cell lines derived from non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Cytotoxicity was determined using a tetrazolium salt(MTT) assay. The inhibitory effects of TNP-470 on cell proliferation were dose related and the 50% inhibitory concentration on these cell lines were 50.0 to 62.5 microM. Evaluation of drug interactions with isobologram and the combination index values showed that sequential exposure to taxol followed by TNP-470 produced synergistic effects in these cell lines tested. Our findings suggest that such an angiocytotoxic chemotherapy might be promising for the treatment of NSCLC.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lung cancer cell line producing cytokeratin 19 fragment and sialyl Lewis X-i antigen.

A new human lung large cell carcinoma cell line producing cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA) and sialyl Lewis X-i antigen(SLX), designated TKB-13, was established from a patent in our laboratory. The cell line grew in a monolayer and had a polygonal epitheloid appearance in phase-contrast microscopy. The doubling time of TKB-13 cells was approximately 32 hours in Dulbecco's minimal essential medium with 5% fetal bovine serum. TKB-13 cells could be transplanted to nude mice and the histological characteristics were the same as those of resected tissue from the primary site. Positive reactions for CYFRA and for SLX were seen within the cytoplasm of TKB-13 cells by immunocytochemical staining. Both CYFRA and SLX were detected in the culture supernatant. Our results suggested that TKB-13 cell line is available for experimental studies on the biological behavior of non-small cell lung cancer.

Aged↗