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Biomedical subjects

H Kaku

Publications and source records attributed to H Kaku.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Protection against pertussis by Takeda's acellular pertussis vaccine: household contact studies in Kawasaki City, Japan.

To evaluate the vaccine efficacy of an acellular pertussis vaccine which has been in clinical use in Japan since 1981, a retrospective study was performed by a questionnaire survey of secondary pertussis attacks through family contact in 146 children with pertussis diagnosed in the period from January 1981 through May 1988. In this study, Takeda's acellular vaccine which contains a high level of FHA, low level of PT and a small amount of agglutinogen, was evaluated. Secondary pertussis attacks through family contact were found in 17 of 27 siblings (62.9%) not immunized with pertussis vaccine. On the other hand, 26 siblings immunized with Takeda's acellular vaccine were exposed to pertussis through family contact and a secondary attack was seen in only one of them (3.8%). The present study revealed an efficacy rate of 93.9% for Takeda's acellular pertussis vaccine.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Urinary trace amine excretion and platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenia.

The relationship between subtypes of schizophrenia classified by ICD-9 and 24-hour urinary beta-phenylethylamine (PEA) and phenylacetic acid (PAA) excretion has been studied. Schizophrenia was divided into two types: paranoid and nonparanoid. Increased urinary PEA excretion was found in paranoid schizophrenics, but urinary PAA excretion did not show any significant difference between schizophrenics and normal subjects. A relationship between platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and urinary PEA excretion was found. These findings offer some indication that PEA may play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Synthesis of water-soluble, branched polysaccharides having D-mannopyranose, D-arabinofuranose, or oligo-D-arabinofuranose side-chains and their antitumor activity.

Branched polysaccharides having D-mannopyranose, D-arabinofuranose, or oligo-D-arabinofuranose side-chains were synthesized by the reaction of 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-(1,2-O-ethylorthoacetyl)-beta-D-mannopyranose, 3,5-di-O-benzoyl-(1,2-O-ethylorthobenzoyl)-beta-D-arabinofuranose, or 3-O-benzoyl-(1,2,5-O-orthobenzoyl)-beta-D-arabinofuranose with cellulose acetate or curdlan acetate, followed by desterification. The structure and antitumor activity of the water-soluble portion of the polysaccharides thus obtained were investigated. Polysaccharides synthesized from (1----3)-beta-D-glucan as the main chain with oligo-D-arabinofuranose side-chains exhibited high antitumor activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Association between uptake to lymphocytes from schizophrenic patients and therapeutic efficacy].

Using Le Fur's methods, 3H-spiperone binding was measured in lymphocytes from normal control persons. Although the haloperidol displaceable component of 3H-spiperone binding was present in intact lymphocytes, 3H-spiperone binding was not saturable over a wide range of ligand concentrations. It is suggested that this binding is associated with the degree of 3H-spiperone concentration transported into the lymphocytes. 3H-spiperone uptake to lymphocytes in schizophrenic patients (n = 10, including for chlorpromazine responders) and in normal control persons (n = 10) was measured. The 3H-spiperone uptake of schizophrenic patients was significantly higher than that of normal control persons. Especially in three out of the four chlorpromazine responders, 3H-spiperone uptake was much higher than in the rest of the schizophrenic patients. 3H-spiperone uptake of schizophrenic patients was independent of the daily medicational dosages. The 3H-spiperone uptake to the lymphocytes in schizophrenic patients seemed to be related to the therapeutic efficacy of the neuroleptics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Collagenase-like peptidase activity in serum from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The activities of collagenase-like peptidase, estimated by using (succinyl-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro)-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide as substrate, and of dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase IV were decreased in the sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Both enzymes bring about the degradation of peptides derived from collagen. A significant positive correlation was observed between the activities of the two serum peptidases.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1984

Stage IV-S neuroblastoma involving the liver and ectopic liver. Report of an unusual case.

Stage IV-S (special) neuroblastoma involving the liver and ectopic liver attached to the left adrenal gland of a 38-day-old girl was reported. At surgery, the ectopic liver with neuroblastoma metastases was excised, and the liver was biopsied. The histologic features of neuroblastoma involving hepatic tissue were quite similar in the liver and the ectopic liver. Eighteen months after surgery, the patient was doing well after treatment with less intensive chemotherapy. No similar case has been reported in the literature, and study of this case indicates that the hypothesis of fetal hematogenous metastasis proposed by Wieberdink does not suffice to explain the pathogenesis of extensive involvement of the liver in Stage IV-S neuroblastoma.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of advanced neuroblastoma with regimens containing cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum--effect and toxicity].

Ten children with advanced neuroblastoma were treated with regimens containing cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (CDDP-regimens). Six cases had been refractory or had evidenced inadequate response to previous chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide and adriamycin or vincristine, and radiotherapy. Clinical response was evaluable for 9 cases. Complete response was obtained in 2 cases, partial response in 2 cases, minor response in 2 cases, no change in 1 case and progressive disease in 2 cases. Six of these 9 cases had 2nd look surgery after several CDDP-regimens. Complete resection of tumor was possible in 1 case, subtotal resection in 4 cases and partial resection in 1 case. In an additional case whose clinical response was impossible because of absence of palpable tumor, the tumor had completely disappeared by the time of surgery. Three cases have survived for 5 months, 5 months and 28 months respectively without clinical evidence of tumor, 2 cases for 9 months and 12 months, respectively, with tumor. Four cases died of progressive tumor growth at 9 months, 10 months, 10 months, and 59 months, respectively. One case died of pneumonia at 10 months without clinical evidence of tumor. These results are far better than in our previous experience. Nephrotoxicity was observed in all cases, but it was tolerable in all cases including 3 heminephrectomized children. Hypomagnesemic, hypocalemic tetany was observed in 1 case. This complication was ameliorated by administration of magnesium gluconate. Mean +/- standard deviation of the lowest serum concentration of calcium and magnesium during this medication was 9.75 +/- 0.76 mg/dl and 1.39 +/- 0.44 mg/dl, respectively, against 7.56 +/- 1.64 mg/dl and 0.90 +/- 0.29 mg/dl without the medication, respectively. CDDP is concluded to be against neuroblastoma and its toxicity is tolerable. Magnesium gluconate administration is essential for prevention of tetany.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Characterization of hemopoietic precursor cells in juvenile-type chronic myelocytic leukemia.

In order to study the pathogenesis of juvenile-type chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), we examined the colony-forming capacity and colony composition in the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) of three children with juvenile-type CML. Large numbers of granulocytes and macrophage colonies were formed by BM and PB cells. Whole agar culture staining revealed that especially macrophage colonies increased in comparison with normal controls. After removal of carbonyl iron-laden cells with a magnet or deprivation of cells adherent to glass from BM cells, the number of macrophage colonies markedly reduced in comparison with the number of colonies formed by untreated BM cells, suggesting that some of the macrophage colony-forming cells (M-CFC) may have phagocytic and/or adherent activity. Radiation sensitivity and thymidine suicide rate of these M-CFC were not different from those of granulocyte colony-forming cells (G-CFC). The predominance of M-CFC in juvenile-type CML may be one of the reflections of fetal-type myelopoiesis since M-CFC are predominant in cord blood and PB in the neonatal period. Moreover, considerable numbers of erythroid-colony-forming units (CFU-E) were present in PB of all patients. It may be concluded that juvenile-type CML is a panmyelopathy with the predominance of M-CFC.

Cell Separation↗