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Biomedical subjects

H Kai

Publications and source records attributed to H Kai.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Superficial spreading esophageal cancer controlled by hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy: a case report.

Hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy (HCR) was prescribed for a patient with superficially spreading esophageal cancer, since severe lung dysfunction presented too great a surgical risk. Viable cancer cells completely disappeared after HCR and 8 months later, at this writing, the patient is living in good condition. Conservative treatment with HCR for patients with esophageal cancer is effective for carefully selected patients.

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PubMed1986

Histopathological evaluation of hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus.

The effectiveness of preoperative hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy for 25 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus was histopathologically compared with findings in 104 patients treated preoperatively with irradiation only. The preoperative hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy increased the rate of "markedly effective" in the resected tissue, when compared with findings in cases of irradiation only. With regard to long survival rates, the 5-year survival rates of patients classed as "markedly effective" with preoperative combined therapy exceeded events in patients classed as "moderately effective," and "ineffective," with statistical significance. Preoperative hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy is the recommended treatment for patients with carcinoma of the esophagus.

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PubMed1986

Combined effects of hyperthermia, bleomycin, and X rays on Ehrlich ascites tumor.

The combined effects of water-bath hyperthermia at 42.5 degrees C for 30 min, 1/10 LD50 Bleomycin iv, and 200 rad x irradiation were studied in DDD strain male mice with Ehrlich ascites tumor. The objective was to acquire data on the optimum regimen for a combined administration of these three modalities. The treatments were given 10 days after the inoculation of 2 X 10(6) of the cells into the right hind limb. Concomitant application of the three modalities led to an 80% regression. A single modality produced no significant effect and a 30-50% regression occurred when only two modalities were combined. To assess the influence of timing and sequence, hyperthermia was applied at 1, 2, 4, and 6 hr before, after, or simultaneously with the combination of Bleomycin and 200 rad X ray. A significant effect was obtained in the case of concomitant application of the three and hyperthermia was effective when applied within 2 hr before or after administration of Bleomycin plus irradiation. This enhancement disappeared at 4-hr intervals.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of ambroxol on pulmonary surfactant--analysis of the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylcholine in the sputum and normal respiratory tract fluid in rabbits].

The mechanism of action of secretagogic expectorants (ex., ambroxol) has not been clarified. Recently, attention has been directed to the relationship of their action to pulmonary surfactants. In the present study, the fatty acid (FA) composition of phosphatidylcholine (PC), which is the main physiological surfactant, was investigated using sputum, respiratory tract fluid, mucin-like substance, lung washings and lung tissue of rabbits. Effects of ambroxol (20 mg/kg, i.s.) on several parameters such as output volume, FA contents of PC, protein content and viscosity of respiratory tract fluid of rabbits were also investigated. In respiratory tract fluid, lung washings and mucin-like substance of rabbits, saturated FA, especially C16:0, were predominant components of PC; while in sputum and lung tissue of rabbits and respiratory tract fluid of hens, unsaturated FA, especially C18:1 and C18:2, were more predominant components in comparison with those in the above specimens. Ambroxol significantly increased the contents of C16:0, saturated FA and total FA of PC, and it also increased protein content with an increase in the viscosity of respiratory tract fluid. These results suggest that in the respiratory tract fluid of rabbits, PCs are pulmonary surfactants, and the increasing secretion of pulmonary surfactant is likely to be involved in the expectorant action of ambroxol.

Ambroxol↗
PubMed1986

[Experimental study on the treatment of metastatic lymph nodes with local hyperthermia and temperature-sensitive liposomes containing bleomycin].

The therapeutic effects of combined treatment with hyperthermia (HT) and temperature-sensitive liposomes (TSL) containing Bleomycin (BLM) were evaluated in metastatic lymph nodes of AH-66 ascites tumor in rats. As a model for metastatic lymph nodes, 4 X 10(6) cells of AH-66 were inoculated into the right popliteal lymph nodes of rats. Seven days after inoculation, when the tumor in popliteal lymph nodes was approximately 8 mm in diameter, TSL-BLM was injected subcutaneously into the right foot pad, and local hyperthermia at 43 degrees C was applied for 20 minutes. The most obvious suppression of tumor growth and excellent survival rate were obtained in rats which received both TSL-BLM and HT, compared with groups receiving HT or TSL-BLM alone. These findings suggest that the combination of TSL-BLM and HT provides an effective cancer chemotherapy for patients with metastatic lymph nodes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Experimental study of hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy on transformed cells].

The combined effects of hyperthermia, chemotherapy with bleomycin and irradiation (hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy) on the growth of transformed cells, spontaneously established from Chinese hamster fibroblasts, were studied in vitro. Concomitant application of the 3 modalities with hyperthermia at 42 degrees C for 30 minutes, treatment with 0.02 microgram/ml of bleomycin for 60 minutes and 2-Gy irradiation led to the best effect with an 89% cytotoxicity, compared with those in cells treated with a single modality or 2 modalities. To determine the role of hyperthermia and irradiation in this enhanced cytotoxicity, the response of the cells to each modality was compared between hypoxic cells in the inner layer and aerobic cells in the outer layer of multicellular tumor spheroids. The hypoxic cells were very sensitive to hyperthermia and also the aerobic cells were very sensitive to irradiation, which appeared to be one of the mechanisms for the enhanced effects obtained with these 2 modalities.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Destruction of VX2 tumor in rabbits by hyperthermia plus bleomycin suspended in sesame oil.

The combined antitumor effects of local hyperthermia and a simultaneous injection of bleomycin suspended in sesame oil (BLM-sesame oil) into the proper hepatic artery were studied in a model of liver cancer in rabbits. Fourteen days after inoculation of VX2 carcinoma into the left anterior lobe, 107 rabbits were used for the experiments. Local hyperthermia of 43-47 degrees C for 20 minutes was administered directly to the liver tumor via a 915 MHz microwave. In a preliminary study, administration of sesame oil alone into the proper hepatic artery led to a peripheral hepatic artery embolization, as evidenced by microangiography, and to the inhibition of tumor growth. The tumor-bearing rabbits were placed into groups of six. The first group was treated with hyperthermia, the second with a saline solution of bleomycin given intra-arterially, the third with a combination of hyperthermia and a saline solution of bleomycin given intra-arterially, the fourth with BLM-sesame oil given intra-arterially, the fifth with a combination of hyperthermia and sesame oil given intra-arterially, and the sixth with a combination of hyperthermia and BLM-sesame oil given intra-arterially. Consequently, the concomitant application of hyperthermia and intra-arterial injection of sesame oil led to a prominent inhibition of tumor growth, as compared with each modality alone (P less than 0.001). The most significant effect was obtained in the case of a combination of hyperthermia and BLM-sesame oil, as compared with a combination of hyperthermia and sesame oil (P less than 0.001). Local hyperthermia concurrent with the blockage of blood flow supplying the tumor led to a prominent inhibition of tumor growth, and addition of bleomycin to this regimen had an even greater antitumor effect. Thus, a combination of hyperthermia and chemoembolization with BLM-sesame oil is an effective treatment for liver cancer, at least in rabbits.

Angiography↗
PubMed1986

[Hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy and irradiation for esophageal carcinoma].

For clinical application in cases of carcinoma of the esophagus, we developed an endotract electrode ("applicator") for radiofrequency (RF) and an RF-generator (13.56 MHz) automatically controlled by a computer monitoring the temperature of the lesion. We then designed a combined therapy of hyperthermia, chemotherapy and radiotherapy (so-called hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy: HCR), on the basis of the additive or synergistic effects of hyperthermia combined with radiation and/or anticancer drugs. We applied this combined therapy to patients with esophageal carcinoma, using our newly developed heating system. HCR therapy was preoperatively performed on thirty-three patients with esophageal carcinoma. In the histopathological study of resected specimens, seven out of thirty-three patients (21.2%) showed markedly effective improvement, in seventeen (51.5%) the effects were moderately effective and in nine (27.3%) there were no apparent effects. The effectiveness (markedly + moderately effective/all cases) of preoperative HCR therapy was 72.7% (24/33), and significantly higher than the 50% (54/108) obtained in one hundred and eight patients who were preoperatively prescribed radiotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy. We then applied the combined therapy with hyperthermia to sixteen patients with unresectable esophageal carcinoma and eleven of these patients (68.8%) showed partial and moderate responses in esophagography. This combined therapy with hyperthermia is highly effective, and shows great promise for treating patients with esophageal carcinoma.

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PubMed1986

Preoperative irradiation for carcinoma of the esophagus.

Preoperative irradiation for carcinoma of the esophagus is tentatively recommended in many, but not all, institutes. For precise appraisal of the effect of preoperative irradiation for carcinoma of the esophagus, the effects of preoperative irradiation, as related to mortality and the long term results, were evaluated in 167 patients who underwent subtotal esophagectomy. Although postoperative pulmonary complications occurred at a higher rate in patients given irradiation preoperatively, the mortality was much the same in irradiation and nonirradiation groups. In 15 (14.4 per cent) of 104 patients given radiation therapy preoperatively, no viable cancer cells were present in the resected tissues and the five year survival rate of these patients was 45.1 per cent. Thus, when the cancer cells are completely damaged, the survival time is extremely enhanced. The findings of our study suggest that the aim of preoperative irradiation should be a complete destruction of the cancer cells.

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PubMed1985

Surgical treatment of concurrent cancer of the esophagus and stomach.

Out of a total of 250 resections for carcinoma of the esophagus done in our department between 1965 and 1983, there were 11 patients with a concurrent esophageal cancer, nine being gastric cancer and seven of them early gastric cancer. In these nine, four underwent resection of the esophagus and lesser curvature of the stomach with gastric tube reconstruction. Two of the four patients are alive 10 and 3 yr postoperatively. We hold the view that detailed preoperative gastric examination is most important to plan the surgical repair and that the small gastric tube may serve as a substitute by resecting the lesser curvature of the stomach in cases of early proximal gastric cancer.

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PubMed1985

Synergistic effect of K-18 and concomitant hyperthermia for treatment of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice.

We investigated the synergistic anti-tumor effects of K-18 (conjugate of human gamma-globulin and melphalan) and concomitantly administered hyperthermia on Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. The antitumor effect of a subeffective dose of K-18 or an equivalent dose of melphalan alone was enhanced by local hyperthermia. K-18 administration demonstrated a greater potentiation for inhibition of tumor growth than that of melphalan alone. Local hyperthermia plus K-18 reduced the dose of melphalan required for tumor growth inhibition by melphalan alone. The combined application of K-18 and hyperthermia for treating cancer warrants further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Radiation-induced esophageal carcinoma responded well to hyperthermic chemotherapy--a case report.

A 66-year-old man with multiple malignant lesions of the esophagus, as apparently induced by irradiation of 60 Gy of 60Co for a mediastinal tumor at the age of 36 y.o., was a poor operative risk because of severe lung disease. This man was treated with a combination of hyperthermia, oral administration of oil Bleomycin-polyacrylate paste and intravenous infusion of cis-Platinum. During 20 administrations of hyperthermia conducted at 42-45 degrees C for 30 min, 600 mg of oil Bleomycin and 200 mg of cis-Platinum, no complications occurred and the heat treatments were completed with no side effects. Repeatedly performed esophagogram and endoscopy showed a complete disappearance of three of the four lesions and a marked regression in the other one. There has been no regrowth or distant spread of the carcinoma up to the present 10 months of follow up. This combination of hyperthermia and chemotherapy may prove to be the optimal strategy for treatment of unresectable esophageal cancer, particularly when radiotherapy is contraindicated.

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PubMed1985

[Combined effects of local hyperthermia, bleomycin, and x-ray on Ehrlich ascites tumor in mice].

The combined effects of local hyperthermia at 42.5 degrees C for 30 minutes (HTM), 1/10 LD50 Bleomycin iv(BLM) and 200 rad-irradiation (200R) were studied in DDD strain male mice with Ehrlich ascites tumor. The objective was to acquire data on the optimum regimen for a combined administration of these 3 modalities. The treatments were carried out 10 days after the inoculation of 2 X 10(6) of the cells into the right hind-limb. HTM was applied by water bath heating. Concomitant application of the 3 modalities led to the best effect with a 80% complete regression. A single modality produced no significant effect and a 30-50% regression occurred when 2 modalities were combined. To assess the influence of timing and sequence, HTM was applied at 1,2,4 and 6 hours before, after or simultaneously with the combination of BLM and 200R. A significant effect was obtained in case of simultaneous application of the 3 modalities and the effectiveness of HTM remained as long as the time interval between HTM and BLM plus 200R was 2 hours. This enhancement disappeared in case of 4 hour intervals.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Preoperative hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy effective for carcinoma of the esophagus.

We prescribed hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy preoperatively for 13 patients with esophageal carcinoma. Viable cancer cells disappeared in four out of 13 patients, and all of these four patients survive without recurrence 3 to 34 postoperative months, at this writing. In another seven out of the 13, cancer cells were extensively damaged, despite the presence of a small number of viable cancer cells, and three out of these seven died with a recurrence. For two, the treatment was ineffective, and they died of liver metastasis and a local recurrence, respectively. These findings suggest that preoperative hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy and radiation is highly effective for treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus.

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