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Biomedical subjects

H Kabisch

Publications and source records attributed to H Kabisch.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Atypical chronic myelogenous leukemia in a patient with trisomy 8 mosaicism syndrome.

A 17-year-old woman was admitted for bone marrow transplantation with the diagnosis of atypical Philadelphia-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia (aCML), cytogenetically characterized by trisomy 8 as the sole chromosome aberration. A striking feature was a congenital opacity of the right cornea. Chromosomal analysis of skin fibroblasts were performed and revealed a mosaic for trisomy 8. Commonly, a distinct clinical picture leads to the diagnosis of trisomy 8 mosaicism syndrome (T8ms), but an extreme phenotypic variability has been observed. To our knowledge the development of an aCML in a patient with T8ms has not been reported. A review of the literature revealed that an association to other hematological disorders had been described in two cases. The question of whether our patient's aCML was a random event or not is discussed. The patient is now 24 months post transplant and shows no evidence of disease. Her Karnofsky score is 100%. We conclude that it might be worthwhile to look for an associated constitutional trisomy 8 mosaicism in all patients with trisomy 8 leukemia.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

Intravenous pentoxifylline failed to prevent transplant-related toxicities in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients.

Based on encouraging results of a recently published study on the clinical usefulness of oral pentoxifylline (PTX) to reduce transplant-related toxicities, prophylactic pentoxifylline was administered to 31 consecutive allogeneic BMT recipients with hematological malignancies. Patients received PTX as a continuous infusion at increasing dose levels (0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25 mg/kg/h) starting 1 day prior to the conditioning regimen. At all dose levels, PTX was well tolerated with no significant side-effects. When compared with a historical control group of 61 consecutively transplanted allogeneic BMT recipients, PTX patients did not appear to experience less gastrointestinal (moderate and severe mucositis: 100% vs 68%, p < 0.001), hepatic (hyperbilirubinemia > 1.5 mg/dl: 84% vs 30%, p < 0.001) or renal (creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl: 16% vs 27%, NS) toxicity or to have a lower incidence of GVHD > or = grade III (21% vs 22%, NS). Using i.v. PTX, we were unable to reproduce the reduction in morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing BMT which has been described for prophylactic oral PTX.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Infectious risks of Broviac catheters in children with neoplastic diseases: a matched pairs analysis.

In the present study the complication rate of Broviac catheters in the therapy of children with cancer was determined. Of special interest was the question of to what extent the incidence of bacteremias is increased by the implant. For this reason the method of matched pairs analysis was chosen comparing 55 patients with 61 catheters to 1 child each who received the therapy via peripheral veins. Apart from having the same disease, the same therapy protocol and the same age group the partners had a similar number of leukocytopenic days (leukocyte counts, < 1000/microliters) in the study period. The observation time was 9671 days in the catheter group and 9666 days in the control group. During this time 167 fever episodes (17.7 episodes/1000 days) were recorded in the patients with implant but only 133 episodes (14.0/1000 days) in the control patients. Study and control groups had similar frequencies of fever of unknown origin with leukocyte counts > or = 1000/microliters and fever with a known focus. However, 29 bacteremias (2.9 episodes/1000 days) represented a 4 times higher complication rate with the use of Broviac catheters than in the control group (7 bacteremias, 0.7 episode/1000 days). Episodes of fever of unknown origin with leukocytopenia were 1.5 times more common in the catheter group than in the control group. Although it is not possible to prove that the catheter played a role as focus of bacterial infection, an increased risk of infection must be supposed. The Broviac catheter meets with broad approval by the patients, parents and medical staff.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1992

Detection of N-myc gene amplification in bone marrow specimen of stage IV neuroblastoma patients.

N-myc gene amplification is an unfavorable prognostic factor in neuroblastoma; therefore, its detection might have therapeutical consequences. Because of the reliability of noninvasive diagnostic methods such as X-ray examination and measurement of vanilymandelic acid and the lack of technical unavailability at most institutions, the determination of the N-myc status of neuroblastoma often is not done. In our investigation of 14 neuroblastoma patients, we could demonstrate N-myc gene amplification in the bone marrow of 5 patients with neuroblastoma stage IV disease and in bone marrow infiltration without enrichment of neuroblastoma cells. Otherwise, no information about the tumor content of N-myc gene copies at the time of initial diagnosis could be obtained. At the subsequent resection, the N-myc gene amplification was confirmed by the additional Southern blot analysis and in situ hybridization of tumor tissue. Furthermore, the N-myc status of bone marrow was analyzed during the stages of chemotherapy in three cases.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1990

Homozygous deletion within the retinoblastoma gene in a native osteosarcoma specimen of a patient cured of a retinoblastoma of both eyes.

In a native osteosarcoma specimen from a patient cured of bilateral retinoblastoma eight years ago, we found a deletion of a 7.5 kb HindIII fragment within the retinoblastoma gene. Our results contribute further evidence that the 7.5 kb fragment harbors a Breakpoint Cluster Region (BCR) in osteosarcoma. In tumor tissue of another osteosarcoma patient the retinoblastoma gene did not reveal any defect on DNA or mRNA level, suggesting different transforming events in this patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Extreme hyperphosphatemia with hypocalcemia within the scope of cell lysis syndrome in a child with T-ALL].

In a 10 3/4-year-old girl suffering from a T-ALL with an extremely high leukocyte blood cell count (400,000/microliters) we observed a tumor-lysis syndrome with hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia accompanied by clinical signs of tetany. The therapeutic application of calcium gluconate resulted in vascular calcification by exceeding by far the calcium-phosphate solubility product. The fast lysis of T-lymphoblasts with their high phosphate concentration is etiologically involved in the hyperphosphatemia. Our patient died of multiorganic failure. Regular monitoring of phosphate in urine might be helpful in instituting early therapeutic procedures.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic significance of chromosome analysis in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Between 1981 and 1986 cytogenetic studies of bone marrow and/or blood cells in 139 patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were performed. The overall incidence of chromosomal aberrations was 53%, and this was not significantly influenced by sex, age nor the FAB classification. The aberrations most often found were: complex anomalies (n = 13), t(8; 21) (n = 10), trisomy 8 (n = 9), monosomy 7 (n = 6), monosomy 5, 5q-, trisomy 11, 12p- (n = 4) and trisomy 6, 11q-, inv (n = 3). The prognostic significance of chromosomal findings was evaluated in 112 patients treated by combination chemotherapy. The chromosomal status NN, AN, AA did neither significantly influence complete remission rate (NN: 68%, AN: 71%, AA: 60%) nor mean survival (NN: 24, AN: 26.6, AA: 35.6 months). On the other hand, certain types of chromosomal anomalies were of prognostic value. CR was obtained in all 10 patients with t(8; 21) but only in 2 out of 9 patients with complex aberrations. Median duration of CR in patients with t(8; 21) was significantly longer than in patients with a normal karyotype (30 vs 7 months).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy of osteosarcoma: results of a randomized cooperative trial (COSS-82) with salvage chemotherapy based on histological tumor response.

Following observation of the predictive value of the histologic extent of tumor cell destruction after preoperative chemotherapy for metastasis-free survival (MFS) in osteosarcoma, a randomized study was undertaken with the aim of (1) sparing some patients the unpleasant side effects of highly toxic drugs like doxorubicin (DOX) and cisplatin (CPDD) by administering these drugs postoperatively only after poor response with a milder preoperative regimen, and (2) improving the prognosis of patients responding poorly to the initial treatment by use of a salvage chemotherapy postoperatively. The available patients were divided into two groups. Those in the study arm received a preoperative chemotherapy consisting of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) and the triple drug combination of bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, and dactinomycin (BCD) and were switched to DOX/CPDD postoperatively in case of poor response. DOX/CPDD was used besides HDMTX for initial treatment in the control arm, and BCD alternatively with CPDD/ifosfamide (IFO) for postoperative salvage treatment. The response rate of the study arm was significantly inferior to the control arm (26% v 60%; P less than .001). The actuarial 4-year MFS rate of poor responders after salvage chemotherapy also was poorest in the study arm (41%); it was unchanged in the control arm (53%) as compared with that of poor responders from the COSS-80 study without salvage chemotherapy (52%). The actuarial 4-year MFS rate of good responders was 73% in the study arm, 79% in the control arm, and not significantly different from that of the COSS-80 study (84%), although postoperative chemotherapy of good responders had been markedly shortened as compared with the COSS-80 study. The actuarial 4-year MFS rate of the study arm as a whole was inferior to that of the control arm (49% v 68%; P less than .1) and also inferior to the COSS-80 study (68%; P less than .01), indicating a failure of the employed salvage strategy in general and especially of the effort to restrict the use of the very effective but highly toxic drugs DOX and CPDD to patients resistant to a less toxic initial treatment.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1987

Common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen: partial characterization by in vivo labeling and isolation of its messenger RNA.

Common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) antigen (CALLA)-like proteins were detected by in vivo labeling experiments carried out with human lymphoblastoid cell line KM3 and also in cell-free translation, directed by CALLA-specific mRNA prepared from immunoadsorbed KM3 polysomes. The CALLA-like structure found in both systems shows an Mr of 95kDa. Additional CALLA-like proteins could be identified in the in vivo experiments with calculated Mrs of 40kDa in the cells and 85 and 38kDa in the culture medium. In the cell-free translation system, an additional product of Mr 80kDa could be detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Detection of neuroblastoma cells in bone marrow by Southern blot and in situ hybridization using a NMYC DNA probe].

Recently an amplification of NMYC oncogene was discovered in stage III and stage IV as well as in stage II neuroblastoma cells. The extent of NMYC amplification is of prognostic value. A high expression of NMYC on mRNA level is correlated to the NMYC gene-amplification. We utilized the in situ-hybridization technique for the detection of NMYC-mRNA expression on cellular level, and the Southern Blot method for analysing the total genomic DNA. In three stage IV patients with overt neuroblastoma in bone marrow cells, NMYC gene-amplification as well as NMYC-mRNA were detected. Seven control bone marrows of patients with different heamatological diseases in different stages did not contain positive cells in our in situ-hybridization assay.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Translocation (9;11)(p21;q23) in a child with acute monoblastic leukemia following 2 1/2 years after successful chemotherapy for neuroblastoma.

This is a case report of a 4 1/2-year-old boy who developed acute monoblastic leukemia 2 1/2 years after he had been treated successfully with combined chemotherapy for neuroblastoma. All analyzable bone marrow-derived metaphases had the karyotype 47,XY, + 8,t(9;11)(p21;q23). The rare occurrence of specific chromosomal translocations in leukemias following prior chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and their possible clinical implications in such cases are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Antibodies to adult T-cell leukemia virus (ATLV/HTLV-I) in AIDS patients and people at risk of AIDS in Germany.

A total of 2048 serum samples from Germany were examined for antibodies to adult T-cell leukemia virus (ATLV) structural polypeptides with an enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmative immuno precipitation. The origin of the sera samples was: 850 samples taken for virological or protozoal diagnosis; 626 samples from male homosexuals, about 20% of whom had lymphadenopathy syndrome; 164 from hemophiliacs; 184 were from multiple transfused, mostly dialysis patients; 9 from intravenous drug abusers; 182 from suspected cases of acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 33 from AIDS-patients. In none of these sera did we detect antibodies to ATLV, except in the serum of one patient who had been on hemodialysis for over 11 years. Obviously infection with ATLV or a serologically related agent is very rare in our country and an association with AIDS could not be observed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Isolation of the specific mRNA coding for a CALLA-like protein and partial characterization of its cell-free translational products.

In a cell-free translation directed mRNA from the human lymphoblastoid cell line KM3, common ALL-Antigen (CALLA)-like proteins were detected immunologically. For immunoprecipitation a combination of three monoclonal antibodies and a rabbit heteroantiserum with anti-CALLA specificity were used. Employing a cocktail of two anti-CALLA monoclonal antibodies CALLA directing mRNA could be purified by specific polysomal immunoadsorption. The CALLA-like protein defined in the cell-free products of total mRNA and mRNA derived from polysomes showed a Mr of 95,000 daltons. Additional CALLA-like proteins could be identified in the cell-free translational products when mRNA from polysomes precipitated by the anti-CALLA heteroantiserum was used. The calculated Mr of these proteins were 80,000 97,000 and 135,000 daltons.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Improved treatment results in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia: a report of the German cooperative study AML-BFM-78.

One hundred fifty-one children with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) entered the cooperative study BFM-78 between December 1978 and October 1982. The initial therapy consisted of an intensive induction and consolidation regimen over eight weeks with seven different drugs and cranial irradiation. It was followed by maintenance with thioguanine and cytosine arabinoside for two years and additional Adriamycin during the first year. One hundred nineteen (79%) patients achieved a complete remission. Thirteen (9%) children died of early hemorrhages. After a median follow-up time of 36 (12 to 57) months, 47 relapses have occurred, with CNS involvement in seven cases. The life table analysis revealed a probability for overall survival after almost five years of 45% (SD, 4%), for event-free survival 41% (SD, 4%), and for the event-free interval 52% (SD, 5%). Up to now, no relapse was seen after 2 1/2 years. Risk factor analysis showed that early fatal hemorrhages occurred predominantly in children with M5 FAB type and with initial leukocytosis. An initial high WBC count and liver enlargement were unfavorable parameters for achieving remission. No factors could be identified concerning the risk for relapse. These data indicate that the applied treatment strategy is successful in inducing complete remissions in about three fourths of children with AML and also in enhancing considerably the chances for long-term remission.

Adolescent↗