Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H K Yap

Publications and source records attributed to H K Yap.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Dermatoglyphs in children with mitral valve prolapse.

The dermatoglyphs of 50 Singapore school children with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) were studied, with special reference to the frequency of digital arches. The MVP was diagnosed clinically and substantiated by two dimensional echocardiography. In the study there were 35 Chinese and 15 Malay children, with ages ranging from 6 to 19 years. Four Chinese children had one or more arches on the digits but none of the Malay children was found to have arches. It was shown that the frequency of arches on the digits was not significantly higher than that among 50 controls (who were shown not to have MVP on two dimensional echocardiography) or when compared with the frequency of arches among the Chinese and Malay population in Singapore (2.0% and 2.9% respectively). No other dermatoglyphic abnormalities (including atd angle) were found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

HLA-system in Chinese children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a strong association with DR3.

We studied the distribution of HLA-A, B, and DR and MT1, MT2, MT3 genotypes in all 20 Chinese children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) attending the four government pediatric units in Singapore. We found an increase in HLA BW22 but the corrected probability value was not statistically significant. AW33 and B17 were observed in 50% and 55% of IDDM children, respectively, compared with 11% and 13% of normal controls, respectively. The values for AW33 were as follows: corrected P = 0.00094 and relative risk (RR) = 8.17; for B17 they were corrected P = 0.001 and RR = 7.55. In addition, the frequency of DR3 was 50% in IDDM children compared with 14% of normal controls (corrected P = 0.0019, RR = 6.20). AW33, B17, and DR3 are in linkage disequilibrium in our normal Chinese population. All ten patients who were positive for DR3 also had B17. The frequency of DR4 was not increased, and there were no protection IDDM related antigens found. These differences compared with the results in Western populations may contribute to the relative rarity of IDDM among Chinese children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Intestinal lymphangiectasia--a report in two Chinese children.

Two Chinese infants with asymmetrical lymphoedema and steatorrhoea were investigated. The laboratory investigations showed that they had hypoproteinaemia without proteinuria. One of them showed peripheral lymphopenia and hypogammaglobulinaemia. Radiologically, they had evidence of extensive lymphangiectasia of the small intestine. This was confirmed histologically. Endoscopy of one of them showed diffuse milky nodular duodenal mucosa. The appearance of the mucosa was rather typical of intestinal lymphangiectasia.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1984

Beta-2-microglobulin in mesangial IgA nephropathy.

This study measured plasma beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m) in patients with mesangial IgA nephritis. Plasma beta 2-m was measured in 51 patients with IgA mesangial nephritis and in 50 normal controls using a Phadebas beta 2-m RIA kit available from Pharmacia Diagnostics (Uppsala, Sweden). The mean plasma beta 2-m in IgA nephritic patients (1.92 +/- 0.67 mg/l) was significantly different from that of healthy controls (1.33 +/- 0.41 mg/l; p less than 0.001). The mean plasma beta 2-m in non-IgA nephritic patients (1.83 +/- 0.73 mg/l) was also significantly different (p less than 0.001). Patients with IgA nephritis with glomerular sclerosis (n = 33) had significantly higher levels of beta 2-m (2.02 +/- 0.70 mg/l) than IgA nephritic patients without glomerular sclerosis (n = 18, 1.72 +/- 0.65 mg/l; p less than 0.025). In the group with IgA nephritis and glomerulosclerosis, raised beta 2-m levels were correlated with the severity of proteinuria (r = 0.41) (p less than 0.02) as well as the intensity of IgA staining on immunofluorescence (r = 0.34; p less than 0.05). Elevated beta 2-m levels in IgA nephritis may serve as a useful prognostic marker.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in Singapore children--a retrospective study.

Thirty-two cases of hydronephrosis caused by pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction, presenting to the Department of Paediatric Surgery in the last 6 years were reviewed. In both infants and older children a palpable abdominal mass was the most common mode of presentation. Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty was performed in a total of 31 kidneys. In 4 children, whose kidneys were severely hydronephrotic and with hardly any renal parenchyma present a primary nephrectomy was performed. Of the two children who required further operation on the same kidney, a repeat pyeloplasty for persistent obstruction was required in 1 patient, the other patient underwent nephrectomy subsequent to pyeloplasty as a severe pyonephrosis had developed. Twenty-nine of the 31 kidneys were assessed postoperatively by tube nephrogram, intravenous pyelogram (IVP), or diuretic renography. Four kidneys were found to be non-functional or severely damaged.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Seasonal variations in admissions to a tropical paediatric unit.

The monthly admissions over the last 10 years (1972-1981) of children with common illnesses to the Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, were analyzed to ascertain if there were any significant seasonal patterns. The method used (developed by Walter and Elwood) consists of estimating the amplitude of seasonal variations and the time at which the maximum occurs in a postulated simple harmonic fluctuation. Six out of the 9 diagnostic groups studied were found to have significant seasonal variations in at least 5 out of 10 years or 3 out of the last 5 years: pharyngitis, bronchitis, broncho-pneumonia, bronchial asthma, gastro-enteritis, and febrile convulsions. Febrile convulsions showed the best correlation (in terms of the number of monthly admissions) with the other illnesses showing seasonal fluctuations. Admissions for bronchial asthma were negatively correlated with the others. No consistent pattern in the time of peak number of admissions was discernable. The seasonal variations demonstrated are probably related to outbreaks of viral infections which tend to occur round the year in the tropics.

Asthma↗
PubMed1983

The incidence of atopy in steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome: clinical and immunological parameters.

Fifty-nine children with steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), ages ranging from two to 18 years, were studied to determine the incidence of atopy, using both clinical and immunological parameters. Children with SRNS were found to have a significantly higher incidence of atopy both in themselves (z = 2.51, p less than 0.05) and their first-degree relatives (z = 2.34, p less than 0.05). The proportion of children with raised serum IgE levels (60%) and the geometric mean (631 U/ml) in SRNS children were significantly higher than control values, 14.5% and 136 U/ml, respectively (p less than 0.0001). Intra-group comparison showed that children with multiple relapses (more than two relapses) had higher incidence of skin test positivity to house dust mite (p less than 0.01) and to two or more antigens (p less than 0.05). Our data would suggest that atopy may be a predisposing factor in local children with SRNS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Beta-thromboglobulin in mesangial IgA nephritis.

Plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) concentration were determined in 28 patients with mesangial IgA nephritis (17 with focal glomerular sclerosis and 11 without any glomerular sclerosis) and compared with those from 52 normal subjects and 24 patients controls with no evidence of renal disease. The mean beta-TG concentration in the patients with IgA nephritis [159 +/- 63 ng/ml (SD)] significantly different from the patients controls [32 +/- 25 ng/ml (SD)] (p less than 0.001) as well as the group of normal subjects [23 +/- 17 ng/ml (SD)] (p less than 0.001). In another group of 12 patients with diffuse mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with no IgA deposits (non IgA nephritis) the mean beta-TG concentration [126 +/- 86 ng/ml (SD)] though different from that of the normal as well as patient controls (p less than 0.001) was not significantly different from the IgA nephritis patients. The elevated beta-TG levels in the nephritic patients showed no correlation with serum creatinine, creatinine clearance or proteinuria but was significantly correlated with the degree of glomerular sclerosis (r = 0.44) (p less than 0.05). In vivo activation of the platelets is suggested by these findings of elevated beta-TG in patients with diffuse proliferative mesangial glomerulonephritis (IgA and non IgA).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The nephrotic syndrome associated with filariasis.

A patient with lymphatic filariasis, developing the nephrotic syndrome is reported. Renal biopsy showed a diffuse mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with C3 deposition in the glomeruli. Glomerulonephritis associated with filariasis has been reported previously, however definite identification of filarial antigen in glomerular deposits or of specific antibodies in kidney eluates is still awaiting.

Adult↗