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Biomedical subjects

H K Kjaergård

Publications and source records attributed to H K Kjaergård.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Cardiac revascularization using both mammary arteries].

Both internal mammary arteries in combination with veins were used for revascularization of the hearth in fifty Danish patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) at Gentofte Hospital during the period 1994-1996. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, obesity, and age over 75 years were excluded. The patients were followed for at least one month after the operation. No patients died, and the complication rate was low and comparable to standard CABG using the left mammary artery and vein grafts. It is known from the literature that 10 years after CABG only 50% of vein grafts remain patent, and half of these have severe atherosclerosis. The mammary artery is far more resistant to atherosclerosis and 15 years after the procedure fewer patients have recurrent angina when both mammary arteries have been used. Bilateral mammary artery grafts can be used in half of CABG-procedures, and are especially indicated in younger patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Coronary bypass surgery using the radial artery. An alternative in patients with varicose veins].

Arterial revascularization of the heart with the radial artery was performed in twenty patients with varicosities of the lower legs. The patients all had a good functional result and were free of angina pectoris after the operation. None of the patients had complications from harvest of the radial artery. The patients were mobilized early, as no veins had been harvested from the legs.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Pneumomediastinum].

Pneumomediastinum is a rare pathological condition with air in the mediastinum outside the trachea and oesophagus. The etiology may be spontaneous/resulting from exertion, traumatic, iatrogenic or it may be due to inflammation, neoplasm or perforation of a hollow abdominal organ. In pneumomediastinum resulting from exertion, a pressure gradient occurs and this causes rupture of marginally situated pulmonary alveoli. Air escapes from the alveoli into the perivascular adventitia and dissects its way along the vessels to the mediastinum. The commonest symptoms are pain in the thorax in 80-90% of the patients, followed by sensation of oppression and dysphagia. Stethoscopic examination reveals crepitation synchronous with pulse and respiration in half of the cases. The diagnosis is verified by radiographic examination of the thorax where air can be seen as vertical radio-translucent regions in the mediastinum and along the borders of the heart. Patients with pneumomediastinum should be admitted to hospital for investigation as treatment of a possible basic condition, e.g. rupture of the oesophagus or bronchus, is important. In uncomplicated cases, the mediastinal emphysema disappears in the course of a week. Mediastinotomy with incisions for relief of pressure may prove necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Autologous fibrin glue--preparation and clinical use].

Fibrin tissue adhesive is a tissue adhesive in which the two components are fibrinogen concentrate and a thrombin solution, respectively. In autologous fibrin tissue adhesive, the fibrinogen is prepared from the patient's own blood in contrast to the fibrin adhesive available commercially where the fibrinogen is prepared from pooled donor plasma. In 42 heart and lung operations, autologous fibrin tissue adhesive prepared by a new method was employed in which the fibrinogen is separated from the patient's own plasma by precipitation with ethanol. Either 44 or 88 ml blood was employed for concentration of the fibrinogen. This resulted in 2.5 ml and 4.9 ml fibrinogen concentrate which was mixed with 0.3 parts of thrombin solution containing calcium and aprotinin (fibrolysis inhibitor) so that the total volumes of tissue adhesive were 3.3 ml and 6.4 ml. Production of autologous fibrin tissue adhesive is uncomplicated and takes less than 90 minutes. A new method of production of autologous tissue adhesive based on ethanol is described. The fibrin tissue adhesive prepared in this manner has a high concentration of fibrinogen and is effective as a haemostatic and as an adhesive in surgical operations and it has the further advantage that it is not associated with the risk of transmission of viral or for immunological reactions.

Blood Specimen Collection↗
PubMed1991

[Transaxillary thoracotomy in surgery for spontaneous pneumothorax].

Spontaneous pneumothorax in young individuals is due to rupture of apical bullae in the majority of cases. At operative treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax in young individuals in whom radiography of the thorax has not revealed evidence of bullous emphysema or other pathological changes in the lungs, it is therefore rational to employ a transaxillary incision which renders possible resection of bullae and mechanical pleurodesis. Compared with operation via a postero-lateral thoracotomy, which is the standard operative technique in Denmark, the morbidity is lower in transaxillary thoracotomy and the cosmetic result is much more satisfactory. The respiratory muscles are spared, pulmonary function is normal after operation, duration of hospitalization is briefer and the transaxillary incision is therefore preferable in young individuals with spontaneous pneumothorax.

Axilla↗
PubMed1990

[Heart transplantation in the era of cyclosporin].

In a five-year period from February 1984, 76 orthotopic heart transplantations were performed in the most extensive heart transplantation programme in the Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts. The average age of the patients was 43 years (range 14-61 years) and the sex distribution was 55 men/21 women. Cardiomyopathy and ischaemic heart disease were the commonest indications for transplantation. The actuarical survival was 84% after one year, 81% after two years and 76% after five years. When the operative lethality is excluded, the one-year survival was 91%, the two-year survival 88% and the five-year survival 82%. Six operative deaths occurred within the first 30 days and seven late deaths, five of these from acute rejection and two as a result of transplant atherosclerosis. No deaths were due to infection. Twelve patients developed 14 general surgical complications and laparotomy proved necessary in ten cases. One of the patients died from haemorrhagic pancreatitis and the remainder had no sequelae. An association was found between tissue type compatibility (human leukocyte antigen (HLA)) between donor and recipient and the occurrence of steroid resistant rejections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Late cosmetic results of wound closure, strips versus suture.

Following 264 non-contaminated abdominal operations, skin closure was performed after randomization to Steri-Strip tape suture or conventional continuous 3-o or 4-o Dermalon suture. The cosmetic results were evaluated six and 46 months after the operation. In the six-month review Steri-Strip tape suture showed advantages over conventional suturing. However, follow-up of 217 patients revealed no significant differences in late cosmetic results after about four years.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

Small bowel fistulas treated with somatostatin: preliminary results.

Small bowel cutaneous fistula appearing after laparotomy was treated with the tetradecapeptide somatostatin in six patients to reduce the volume and enzyme content of the intestinal secretion. Continuous intravenous infusion of somatostatin diminished output from the fistula in all cases. Spontaneous fistula closure occurred after 11 to 33 days of treatment in four patients. There were no complications such as sepsis, peritonitis, or wound or skin problems from the contact with intestinal secretion. The hospital stay ranged from 19 to 50 days and bowel function was restored to normal. These preliminary results indicated that somatostatin can promote healing of small bowel fistula by inhibiting intestinal secretions.

Adult↗