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Biomedical subjects

H K Brodie

Publications and source records attributed to H K Brodie.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

How primary care physicians treat psychiatric disorders: a national survey of family practitioners.

A survey of 350 family practice physicians nationwide showed that 22.6% of their patients had significant psychiatric disorders. Physicians reported treating most psychiatric problems themselves, usually through a combination of psychotropic drugs, advice, and reassurance. The results suggest that anxiolytics are more conservatively used and referrals for mental health care more often made than past studies indicate. Physicians cited patient resistance and time limitations as the most important barriers to primary care mental health treatment, followed by limited third-party payment for mental health services, poor coordination between the primary care and mental health care sectors, and insufficient training to treat psychiatric disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparative efficacy and safety of bupropion and placebo in the treatment of depression.

This was a 4-week, three-center, double-blind, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled evaluation of the efficacy and safety of bupropion in hospitalized depressed patients. Results from 27 placebo and 48 bupropion-treated patients were analyzed for efficacy and safety. Assessments of efficacy and safety were made at baseline and weekly during the study. Preliminary and secondary measures of efficacy included the Clinical Global Impressions for severity (CGI-S) and improvement (CGI-I) of illness, Hamilton Depression and Hamilton Anxiety Scales, and the Zung Self-Rating Scales for depression and anxiety. Assessments of safety included vital signs, electrocardiogram, clinical laboratory tests, and adverse experiences. Dosages of bupropion were 300-600 mg/day. Results showed that bupropion was significantly (P less than 0.01) more effective than placebo at termination of study on the CGI-S, CGI-I, Hamilton Depression and Hamilton Anxiety Scales. On the Zung Self-Rating Depression and Anxiety Scales, statistical trends favored bupropion at termination of study over placebo (P less than 0.10). Adverse events in the bupropion and placebo groups were minimal with notable absence of sedation and anticholinergic- and cardiovascular-related side effects. We conclude that bupropion was significantly more effective than placebo in treating depression and accompanying anxiety in depressed inpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

New trends in the diagnosis and treatment of depression.

New trends in the diagnosis and treatment of depression are reviewed. The use of biologic markers as aids in diagnosing depression and in predicting response to specific antidepressant drugs is discussed, and monitoring therapeutic response by plasma tricyclic antidepressant levels is reviewed.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMed1983

A multicenter evaluation of bupropion versus placebo in hospitalized depressed patients.

Bupropion, a new antidepressant with a novel structure and neurochemical profile, was compared to placebo in a three-center evaluation. Seventy-five depressed inpatients, 48 on bupropion and 27 on placebo, participated for up to 28 days. At dosages of 300-600 mg/day, bupropion was significantly more active than placebo in reducing depressive and anxious symptomology, beginning at the 3-week evaluation. Bupropion was particularly efficacious in more severely ill and older patients. Symptoms reflecting cognitive disturbance, somatic anxiety, and psychomotor retardation were most improved; sleep disturbances showed less marked effects. Appetite and diurnal variation were not markedly influenced. Adverse effects were minimal, with no significant cardiovascular or clinical laboratory findings. Three patients developed a skin rash. There was a notable absence of sedative, anticholinergic, and cardiovascular-related side effects. Bupropion has demonstrated antidepressant effects and a spectrum of activity that holds promise for a difficult subgroup: the older depressed patient with retardation and cognitive disturbance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Anorexia nervosa: review of current treatment practices.

The etiology of anorexia nervosa has defied elucidation for over 100 years and no systematic treatment has yet been developed for the illness. We have reviewed some current findings that relate to both neuroendocrinologic and psychologic defects. Review of current treatment practices reveals that a variety of approaches are used, alone or in combination. Special attention is directed to the rationale for the use of certain neuropharmacologic agents that influence eating behavior. We advocate a flexible, multimodal approach to treatment of this illness, the understanding of which is still in its early stage.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1980

The role of psychiatric and behavioral factors in the practice of medicine.

The authors review the role of psychiatric and behavioral factors in the practice of medicine in three areas: 1) prevalence of psychiatric morbidity, 2) the role of behavioral or lifestyle factors in illness onset, and 3) the overlapping of psychiatric and behavioral factors with medical illness. Within each areas they review behavioral factors to the practice of medicine, the limits of current treatment approaches, and future research needs. In their final section they draw implications for health care delivery and manpower development.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1978

A study of the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on human mood and behavior.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone in doses up to 500 microgram was administered to 12 healthy male volunteers. Luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels increased subsequent to GnRH administration. No immediate effects of GnRH on mood and behavior were noted, though an increase in alertness, a decrease in anxiety and fatigue, and an increased speed of performance on automatized motor tasks were noted several hours after GnRH administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Biology of psychoses: past research and new frontiers.

This paper reviews major research developments in the biology of mental illness. Theories concerning schizophrenia and affective disease are shown to be based on the mode of action of drugs discovered in the 1950s and used in the treatment of these disorders. Discovery of the endorphins and the development of a new receptor site neurobiology are shown to have a potential major impact on the future of psychiatric research.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1976

Orgasmic frequency and plasma testosterone levels in normal human males.

Twenty males participated in a 2-month study examining the relationship between 8 a.m. plasma testosterone levels and orgasmic frequency. Within subjects, higher levels of testosterone are associated with periods of sexual activity. Over subjects, however, the direction of the relationship is reversed. Mean testosterone levels were higher for sexually less active individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A cycle of plasma testosterone in the human male.

The object of the study was to assess the lability of testosterone levels in plasma of normal human males over a long period of time and to search for periodicities in changing levels. Blood samples obtained from 20 healthy young men every second day for 2 months were assayed for total testosterone concentration by radioligand saturation analysis with late-pregnancy plasma. The flucturations of plasma testosterone levels over the total time span were substantial for most individuals; the coefficients of variation ranged from 14 to 42% (median 21%). The presence of periodic functions in these fluctuations was tested by 4 different, relatively independent methods. Close agreement among at least 3 analytic methods was found for 12 out of the 20 subjects. These 12 subjects had cycles of plasma testosterone levels with periods ranging between 8-30 days, with a cluster of periods around 20-22 days. The majority of such cycles were significant at least at the 5% level. The mean amplitudes of these cycles ranged from 9 to 28% of the subjects' mean testosterone levels (average 17%).

Adult↗