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Biomedical subjects

H Jick

Publications and source records attributed to H Jick.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Neurologic events following diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunization.

The frequency of serious neurologic events following the administration of 106,000 doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine at Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound was determined using a population-based case-control study with disease ascertainment through pharmacy and hospitalization records. There were no cases of acute unexplained encephalopathies in close temporal relation to vaccination. There was the new onset of one serious seizure disorder in the three days following immunization, with 1.13 expected on the basis of chance alone.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hospital admission for perforated peptic ulcer.

The frequency of hospital admission for perforated ulcer was not measurably affected by concurrent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) during nearly 30 million person-days of NSAID use at Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound. Whether patients had ever used cimetidine or antacids, drugs which indicate the presence of ulcer disease or symptoms, was strongly predictive of perforation in the same population (rate ratio 5.1; 95% CI 2.6-10.0). Perforation rates increased sharply with age but were similar for men and women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunization and sudden infant death syndrome.

We compared the recency of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) immunization in healthy children with birthweights greater than 2500 gms who died of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) to that of age-matched reference children, using a modified case-control analysis. Focusing on very narrow time intervals following immunization, we found the SIDS mortality rate in the period zero to three days following DTP to be 7.3 times that in the period beginning 30 days after immunization (95 per cent confidence interval, 1.7 to 31). The mortality rate of non-immunized infants was 6.5 times that of immunized infants of the same age (95 per cent CI, 2.2 to 19). The latter result and to some extent the former appear to be ascribable to known risk factors for SIDS. Although the mortality ratios for SIDS following DTP, as estimated from this study, are high the period of apparently elevated risk was very short, so that only a small proportion of SIDS cases in infants with birthweights greater than 2500 gms could be associated with DTP.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1987

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hospitalization for gastroesophageal bleeding in the elderly.

Hospitalization because of bleeding from the stomach or esophagus occurred 4.8 times per million person-days among persons over 64 years of age who filled a prescription for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) within 90 days of hospitalization, and 3.4 times per million person-days among nonusers of NSAIDs over 64 years of age at the Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Seattle. The NSAID users included those who had used these drugs on a long-term basis as well as those who were recent users only. The observed difference in rates (1.3 hospitalizations per million person-days; 95% confidence interval, -0.2 to 3.4 hospitalizations per million person-days) is incompatible with any major increase in the frequency of hospitalization for gastroesophageal bleeding in the elderly. No single NSAID appeared to carry an exceptional risk. Both chance and uncontrollable selection factors could provide plausible explanations for the small rate differences observed between users and nonusers.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Mortality among oral contraceptive users.

The occurrence of fatal conditions was substantially similar in a large population of recent, healthy oral contraceptive users and comparable nonusers at Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound during the years 1977-1981. There were no deaths from cardiovascular disease among those who were oral contraceptive users at the onset of their cardiovascular illness; there was one death from liver cancer, probably attributable to oral contraceptive use; and there were no deaths from complications of pregnancy among either users or nonusers. Newer formulations of oral contraceptives and greater care in prescribing oral contraceptives to the healthiest younger women may have substantially lessened the risks identified with earlier preparations and prescription practices.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Drug-induced cutaneous reactions. A report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program on 15,438 consecutive inpatients, 1975 to 1982.

We analyzed the data on 15,438 consecutive medical inpatients monitored by the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program from June 1975 to June 1982 to determine the rates of allergic cutaneous reactions to drugs introduced since 1975 and to confirm and extend findings from an earlier study of the preceding 22,227 patients. There were 358 reactions occurring in 347 patients, for an overall reaction rate among patients of 2.2%. Each patient received a mean of eight different drugs. Rashes were attributed to 51 drugs, and 75% of the allergic cutaneous reactions were attributed to antibiotics, blood products, and inhaled mucolytics. Amoxicillin (51.4 reactions per 1000 patients exposed), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (33.8/1000), and ampicillin (33.2/1000) had the highest reaction rates. Drug-specific reaction rates ranged from zero to 51.4 per 1000 and were determined for 180 drugs or drug groups. These results provide physicians with quantitative data that will be helpful in clinical decision making when drug-induced exanthems, urticaria, or generalized pruritus occurs.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

Conjugated estrogens and fibrocystic breast disease.

The association between replacement estrogen use and subsequent development of fibrocystic breast disease was studied at Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound. Included were 142 women aged 50-64 years diagnosed by biopsy as having fibrocystic breast disease during the years 1978 through 1983. The relative incidence of hospitalization for estrogen users compared with non-users was 1.9 (95% confidence interval 1.3-2.7). The association became stronger with increasing duration of estrogen use.

Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)↗
PubMed1986

Drugs and stillbirth.

In a case-control study spanning five years' experience at Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, we could demonstrate no plausible association between the use of spermicides, oral contraceptives, Bendectin, or antibiotics prior to conception and the occurrence of 73 nontraumatic stillbirths.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1986

Follow-up study of pseudoephedrine users.

A follow-up study of over 100,000 persons below age 65 years who filled a total of 243,286 prescriptions for pseudoephedrine indicated that there were no hospitalizations among users that could be attributed to the drug. There were no admissions within 15 days of filling a prescription for pseudoephedrine for cerebral hemorrhage, thrombotic stroke, or hypertensive crisis. There were a small number of hospitalizations for myocardial infarction, seizures and neuropsychiatric disorders, but the rate of such admissions among the pseudoephedrine users was close to the expected rate in the population at large.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Intensive hospital monitoring study of intravenous cimetidine.

We studied the frequency of adverse reactions occurring in 1189 patients who received cimetidine intravenously, based on data collected as part of a hospital-based monitoring study of recently marketed drugs. There were 40 patients (3.4%) with adverse reactions, 23 of whom were considered to be "definitely" or "probably" related to cimetidine use and 17 patients in whom a causal association was possible. The most frequently reported reactions were neuropsychiatric disorders in 19 patients (1.6%) and leukopenia in eight patients (0.7%).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

First-trimester drug use and congenital disorders.

The authors determined the prevalence of certain major congenital disorders among live-born infants of 6509 mothers in a prepaid health plan for the 30-month period of January 1, 1980 through June 30, 1982 who used a wide variety of drugs during the first trimester of pregnancy. The results were similar to those obtained in this population in a prior 30-month study. No strong associations between any of the commonly used drugs and the congenital disorders studied were present.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1985

Oral contraceptives and nonfatal vascular disease.

A follow-up study of more than 65,000 healthy women aged 15 to 44 was conducted to assess the association between oral contraceptive use and thromboembolism, stroke, or nonfatal myocardial infarction from 1980 through 1982 at Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound. A positive association existed between current oral contraceptive use and venous thromboembolism (rate ratio equals 2.8), but there was no positive association between current oral contraceptive use and stroke or myocardial infarction.

Adolescent↗