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Biomedical subjects

H Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to H Jensen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Low power Ga-Al-As laser treatment of painful osteoarthritis of the knee. A double-blind placebo-controlled study.

The aim of this double-blind study was to evaluate the effect of low power Ga-Al-As laser treatment on chronic pain related to osteoarthritis of the knee with periarticular tender points. Twenty-nine out-patients with uni- or bilateral osteoarthritis of the knee were included and randomly assigned to treatment with either laser or placebo laser. Fourteen patients received active laser treatment and all patients included completed the study. The effect variables were daily levels of pain, analgesic requirements, palpation tenderness and isokinetic quadriceps strength. Each patient participated in the study for 9 weeks and registered daily level of pain and consumption of analgesics. In weeks 4, 5 and 6 the patients received a total of nine treatments, each of 15 min and administered to periarticular tender points. The dose per treatment was 22.5 joule. No significant differences in any of the effect variables were found between the two groups before, during or after treatment. With regard to the patients' overall assessment there was a clearly demonstrable positive effect of treatment in both groups. This is likely to be due to a placebo effect.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus and other potential risk factors for cervical cancer in a high-risk area (Greenland) and a low-risk area (Denmark)--a second look.

The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and other risk factors were studied in a high risk area for cervical cancer (Greenland) and in a low risk area (Denmark). From Nuuk (Greenland) and Nykøbing Falster (Denmark), random samples of 150 women aged 20-39 years were drawn. A total of 129 and 126 women were included in Greenland and Denmark, respectively. The proportion of HPV infected women assessed by ViraPap was similar in Denmark and Greenland (4.8 vs 3.9%). When type specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used, the total HPV detection rate was 38.9% in the Danish population and 43.4% in the Greenlandic. A similar interrelationship between Greenland and Denmark applied to the HPV types 11, 16, 18 and 33. No relationship was observed between HPV detection and number of partners for any of the diagnostic methods. Significantly more Greenlandic than Danish women had antibodies to HSV 2, 76.0% and 26.2%, respectively. The prevalence of self-reported histories of selected venereal diseases was also highest among Greenlanders, except for genital warts where the prevalence was similar in the two areas. Greenlandic women had significantly more sexual partners, earlier age at first intercourse, more current smokers and less use of barrier contraceptives compared to the Danish women. This study confirms the results of our previous population-based cross-sectional comparison study in these areas, corroborating the conclusion that the prevalence of detectable HPV infection does not seem to be a determinant of cervical cancer incidence. However, by using DNA hybridisation techniques, temporal virus shedding is only measured at one point in time. Detectable virus shedding may not correlate with the risk of cervical cancer. In fact, HPV DNA detection may have different implications in different populations. In Denmark, HPV DNA detection may reflect transient, recently acquired infection, whereas in Greenland, it is more indicative of chronic persistent infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Screening for cancer of the uterine cervix in Greenland.

During 1986-1991 diagnostic Pap smear examinations were performed in 10,998 Greenlandic women, corresponding to 60 per cent of all women over 14 years of age. Of these, more than half had at least two smears taken. Three-year screening coverage of women over 14 was 40 per cent. Screening intensity was highest in the 25-39 age group, where more than half the population was covered. Compared to the previous 10-year period, rates for all precursor lesions were considerably lower, most pronounced for carcinoma in situ. Such findings probably reflect previous screening experience rather than reduced background risk. However, cytological screening activity failed to reduce the incidence of invasive cancer-one of the world's highest. Most cancer patients had slipped through the system because of failure to be screened at all (57%) or failure of adequate follow-up (23%). Infrequent screening and possible false-negative results seem to account for most of the remaining cases. Cancer patients with a history of failed follow-up reflected an inadequate follow-up management over the last 15 years of women with abnormal smear results. The findings of this study were similar to results for 1976-1985. A nationwide, centrally organized mass screening programme is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Cervical cancers in Greenlandic women diagnosed after negative results on cervical cytology: perspectives in a high-risk population.

A total of 160 indigenous Greenlandic women had incident cervical cancer diagnosed during 1976-1991, and 41 of these women (27%) had had at least one negative smear reported during the 10 years preceding the diagnosis of cancer. Thirteen patients had previously had abnormalities of the cervix. Of the remaining 28 patients, 17 had so-called interval cancer diagnosed within three years after a negative smear result. In seven of these cases, representing 4% of all incident cancers during the period, there had previously been two or more negative smears. Suboptimal sampling of negative smears was suggested in roughly one out of two interval cancers. The results suggest that rapid biological development of cervical cancer is infrequent among Greenlandic females and that efforts should be aimed at increasing the smear test's sensitivity and providing a better follow-up of women with cervical abnormalities rather than shortening the three-year rescreening interval.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Severe low-back pain. I: Clinical assessment of two weeks conservative therapy.

A standard clinical examination was performed by two independent investigators, before and after two weeks of conservative therapy, on 33 patients with severe low-back pain. Kappa coefficients indicated a higher reproducibility of neurological tests than of e.g. muscular tenderness or scoliosis. All patients were diagnosed by CT-scan and a disc herniation was found in 20. The clinical diagnosis was more in agreement with the CT-diagnosis after than before treatment. By discriminant analyses six variables were found to classify the clinical diagnosis correctly in 32 of the 33 patients: sensory loss, ankle jerk, soreness of back extensors, lumbosacral soreness, radiating pain and back extension test. Similarly, the CT-diagnosis was classified in 25 of 33 patients by the variables: sensory loss and limping.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Severe low-back pain. II: Changes in CT scans in the acute phase and after long-term observation.

No significant changes were noted in the CT-scan before and after 14 days of conservative therapy for low-back pain. Twenty of 33 patients had a disc herniation diagnosed on CT, and of these 18 patients were re-scanned after two weeks. Twelve patients were subsequently treated surgically, and of the remaining 8 patients 6 were re-scanned after 18 months. At this time the disc herniation had diminished significantly and was located in a more median position. In the 8 conservatively treated patients, the pain score at follow-up was related to the original size of the herniation (r = 0.72, p < 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Can progression of myopia be prevented? A literature review].

There is no simple explanation as to when or how myopia commences, nor is there any simple method of preventing the progression of myopia. Non-surgical methods have been attempted: sight training, exercise, drugs to induce cycloplegia and to reduce intraocular pressure, as well as contact lenses and bifocal glasses; none of these have been able to prevent progression. Promising results have been disappointing when these treatments are repeated on larger groups of patients without investigator bias. Surgical procedures for the prevention of progression are not carried out in Denmark at present. New methods of reinforcing the scleral wall also in low grade myopia have been reported from Moscow. Compounds are being injected and transplants are being inserted behind the eye. It is exciting to see whether these results can be reproduced, if trial of this type of treatment is permitted in Denmark.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Leprosy--still a possibility in Denmark].

A case of borderline tuberculoid leprosy in a 27 year old woman from the Philippines is presented. The diagnosis was made after repeated biopsies. Only a single mycobacterium was present and the histology of the initial biopsies was inconclusive. This case emphasizes that leprosy is still imported to Denmark, and that the diagnosis is often difficult and delayed for years.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Myopia progression in young school children and intraocular pressure.

Studies of the literature have given the impression that intraocular pressure (IOP) may influence the refractive error (RE); the reason being that the IOP in some studies is higher among myopic subjects than among emmetropes and hypermetropes. The progression of myopia was studied in 49 children, aged 9-12 years, over a period of 2 years. The rate of progression was 1.14 D/2 years and the IOP 16.6 mmHg. Comparison of the rate of progression between children with an IOP above 16 mmHg and those with an IOP of 16 mmHg or less showed a statistically significant difference: 1.32 D/2 years as compared to 0.86 D/2 years. These results are supported by ultrasound measurement of the axial length. The author recommends that measurement of IOP should be included in the design of studies of myopia progression. The reason for this is, that it would appear that those persons most at risk of developing higher degrees of myopia have a high IOP.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1992

Lead in household dust.

The lead content of 55 samples of dust collected from vacuum cleaner bags from various parts of Denmark has been determined. The concentrations found ranged from 1.5-48.9 ppm lead in the dry dust, the geometric mean being 9 ppm which is comparable to the mean concentration of lead in Danish arable soil. No correlation was found between traffic density and concentration of lead in the dusts.

Denmark↗
PubMed1992

Tumours of the nose and maxillary sinus. Ten year survey from Kenya.

Between 1976-1985, 127 cases of malignant tumours of the nose and maxillary sinus were seen at the Department of Human Pathology, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. Cancer of the nose and maxillary sinus was a common diagnosis accounting for 0.8 per cent of all malignancies. Despite this, the incidence was low probably because the rural Kenyans have difficulty in gaining access to the oncology facilities in Nairobi. Incidence rates standardized to world population per 100,000 persons-years were 0.16 for males and 0.12 for females. Clinical information showed that malignancy should be expected in patients with swelling of the cheek and involvement of the orbit. Compared with Denmark the proportion of undifferentiated carcinomas was significantly higher in Kenya. The well known fact that anaplastic carcinoma of the postnasal space is causally associated with the Epstein Barr virus makes it tempting to suggest that anaplastic carcinoma of the nose and maxillary sinus may also be of viral aetiology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

A new simplified dietary history method for measuring intake of energy and macronutrients.

In this dietary history method, which preserves the characteristic features of the full dietary history, the principle of simplification is to group several food items into common codes. This enables us to complete both an interview and all nutrient calculations within 35-45 min. In this study we investigated whether the method could replace a 4-day food record for assessing individual intakes of energy and macronutrients. Dietary data were collected from 75 individuals (57 males and 18 females). Protein intake was validated by comparison with 24 h urinary nitrogen excretion (33 subjects), and energy intake was compared to weight maintenance energy intake from a later controlled diet study (19 subjects). When average intakes according to the two methods were compared, dietary history intakes were slightly higher than food record results (0-13%) except for alcohol. Comparison with urinary nitrogen excretion and energy intake data indicate that this is due to an overestimation by the dietary history method, rather than an underestimation by the food record. For individuals most of the correlations between the two methods were in the range 0.5-0.7, but alcohol correlation was down to 0.2. About 75% (53-93%) of the individuals at the extremes of the intake distribution were classified similarly by both methods. Although the ability of the dietary history to predict the individual food record results was unreliable the two methods agreed better when classifying individuals relative to certain cut-off points (sensitivity and specificity values of 0.7-0.9, relative to the food records).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Therapeutic riding for persons with somatic disabilities].

Therapeutic riding for somatic disabled has been established as one of the treatment modalities at Beitostølen Health Sports Centre ever since it opened in 1970. The accumulated experience indicates positive effects of the treatment, on empirical grounds, but there is a need of further evaluation and controlled studies. The authors briefly review the principle of the treatment and present the results of a study on the level of pain in patients with Bechterew's disease before and after treatment.

Animals↗