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Biomedical subjects

H J Wittig

Publications and source records attributed to H J Wittig.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Comparison of the bronchodilator effect of oral fenoterol and ephedrine in asthmatic children.

Sixteen children with asthma took part in a double-blind, crossover comparison study of single doses of fenoterol (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mg), ephedrine (24 mg) and placebo. Spirometry was performed before drug administration and then hourly for six hours thereafter. Mean values were plotted for six hours after dur administration. All active drugs were superior to placebo. The greatest differences were in FEF25-75 spirometry levels although the differences for FEV1 did reach statistical significance. The 7.5 mg dose of fenoterol was superior to all other active drug categories. Although effects of tremor and nausea were minimal, significant tachycardia and palpitations were noted with the 5.0 mg and 7.5 mg doses of fenoterol.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Age-related serum immunoglobulin E levels in healthy subjects and in patients with allergic disease.

Serum IgE levels were measured by a paper-disc radioimmunoassay technique (PRIST) in 425 nonallergic subjects and in 570 patients with asthma, 244 with allergic rhinitis, 48 with asthma and eczema (atopic dermatitis), 49 with eczema but without asthma, and 57 with chronic urticaria. The data are presented for age groups in geometric means and standard deviations and by modal distribution. Normal mean IgE levels for the total sample were 32 IU/ml with highest levels (mean of 51 IU/ml) in school-age children. The highest IgE levels were found in patients with both asthma and eczema (mean of 985 IU/ml), followed by asthma alone (305 IU/ml), eczema alone (273 IU/ml), and allergic rhinitis (171 IU/ml). The values for our United States population were higher than those reported from Scandinavian countries but lower than those reported from Canada. The geometric mean plus 1 SD (64 IU/ml for infants, 150 IU/ml for schoolchildren, and 100 to 120 IU/ml for all other age groups) appears to be the most useful limit of normalcy. Overlaps with normal values are largest for urticaria, eczema, and allergic rhinitis and least for patients with allergic asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Theophylline bioavailability following oral administration of six sustained-release preparations.

Plasma theophylline concentrations were measured in 20 adults after single doses of 8 mg/kg of each of six oral sustained-release theophylline preparations. Twelve subjects were studied in a multiple-dose trial. Comparison of bioavailability and absorption characteristics suggest usefulness of some of these products for the purpose of maintaining safe and effective blood levels with twice-a-day dosing.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Risk factors for the development of allergic disease: analysis of 2,190 patient records.

Records of 2,190 patients with demonstrable allergic disease, including 1,148 patients with asthma and 557 patients with allergic rhinitis, were analyzed for the impact of certain risk factors on age of onset of allergic disease and on sensitization to certain specific antigens. The risk factors examined included race, sex, maternal age, family structure, life style, feeding history, environmental factors and heredity of allergic disease. Age of onset was significantly earlier (P less than 0.001) in males, blacks, children of younger mothers, bottle-fed babies, children of rural origin, children of smoking parents and children with a bilateral family history of allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Flunisolide aerosol in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis.

A double-blind, crossover study was performed with a new topical aerosol steroid, flunisolide, administered every 12 hours over a period of eight weeks to 36 adult patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. During the treatment period the majority of patients had significant relief of symptoms as compared with the placebo period. Most prominent improvement occurred with the symptoms of nasal stuffiness, sneezing, rhinorrhea and the number of times patients had to blow their noses. Best results were obtained in patients with higher degrees of atopy. Side effects were minimal and limited to nasal irritation in some patients. Criteria for optimal patient selection are discussed and an explanation for the lack of systemic effects of aerosolized use of the newer corticosteroids is given.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Differing patterns of pulmonary function response to bronchodilators in asthmatics.

An analysis of the patterns of pulmonary function response to bronchodilators in 20 adult asthmatics reveal distinct categories of response. It is suggested that the pattern of response is related primarily to the degree of baseline abnormality in pulmonary function rather than to other characteristics of the disease or patient. Thus, one may predict pulmonary function response to bronchodilators in adult asthmatics based solely upon baseline function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis with cromolyn sodium. Double-blind study on 34 adult patients.

A double-blind crossover study was performed on 34 adult patients with perennial allergic rhinitis, using an aqueous solution of 4% cromolyn sodium or a placebo substance six times daily over a 4-wk period with daily documentation of both symptoms and use of symptomatic medications. All patients had markedly positive skin test reactions to at least one antigen. Chemistry screens and IgE serum levels were determined. Significant reductions occurred in the symptom-scores for runny nose, stuffy nose, sneezing, and nose blowing while patients were on cromolyn treatment (p less than 0.005). Likewise, while on treatment, there was a significant reduction in the consumption of antihistamines. In an attempt to differentiate between good and poor cromolyn responders by clinical and laboratory parameters, we found that (1) patients with high IgE levels responded better than those with low IgE levels, (2) patients with markedly positive skin test reactions to epidermoids and to foods responded better than those with pollen allergy, and (3) females appeared to have a significantly better drug response than males. Age did not play a role in drug response, nor did drug sequence (placebo-active or active-placebo).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Spirometric comparison of carbuterol and isoproterenol aerosol therapy in bronchial asthma. A double blind, matched-pair study of 28 adults and a double blind crossover study of 18 children.

Two adrenergic aerosols were compared in a double blind, matched-pair study of 6 months' duration in 28 adult patients with chronic bronchial asthma, and in a double blind, crossover, short-term study in 18 children with severe asthma. In the adult study, one member of each pair was given either 150 mug of isoproterenol or 200 mug of carbuterol 4 times per day, by inhalation, for 6 months. In the childhood study, 18 children, 6 to 12 years of age, with moderate to severe asthma were studied in a double blind, crossover therapeutic trial in which high or low doses of aerosolized carbuterol or isoproterenol were given 4 times daily for 5 days each. Treatment results were evaluated by measuring forced vital capacity, 1-sec forced expiratory volume, and maximal mid-expiratory flow (FEF25-75%) at regulat intervals before and after administration of the respective test drugs. In the adult study, there was a significant difference between carbuterol and isoproterenol for forced vital capacity (P less than 0.02), for 1-sec forced expiratory volume (P less than 0.02), and for FEF25-75% (P less than 0.01) in favor of carbuterol. In the pediatric study, the difference between carbuterol and isoproterenol was significant (P less than 0.05) only for the FEF25-75% on the fifth day of treatment with the high dose administration of carbuterol. There was no associated toxicity of either drug with respect to electrocardiogram, blood chemistry, or subjective complaints. Tachyphylaxis (tolerance with time) to isoproterenol appeared to develop in one patient.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1975

Suppression of histamine-induced pruritus by three antihistaminic drugs.

A double-blind crossover study of inhibition of histamine-induced pruritus by three commonly prescribed antihistamines was conducted on 28 normal subjects. Drugs used included diphenhydramine HCl (Benadryl), cyproheptadine (Periactin), hydroxyzine HCl (Atarax), and a lactose placebo in identical capsules. Intradermal histamine dose-response thresholds of pruritus were obtained before and after pretreatment with the three antihistamines and placebo in each subject. Analysis of data revealed a fivefold increase above baseline of the histamine dose required to produce pruritus following both cyproheptadine and placebo. This compared to a tenfold increase following diphenhydramine and a 750-fold increase following hydroxyzine HCl. The most common side effect was drowsiness, which occurred with all three drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Hypersensitivity to the imported fire ant. A report of 49 cases.

Two South American species of the fire ant group, Solenopsis richteri and Solenopsis invicta, now occupy more than 150 million acres in 13 southern states and cause systemic allergic reactions to their stings. We report 49 cases of such reactions with case reports and documentation. Specificity of the sting was documented by either typical pustule formation or positive skin tests. Of 37 patients treated with hyposensitizing injections, 10 have subsequently been restung. Only one suffered a systemic reaction. Problems of cross-reactivity with other insects are discussed and the literature is reviewed. Hypersensitivity to the imported fire ant continues to be a serious problem in the southern United States and appears to be amenable to properly instituted hyposensitization therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Annals of allergy.

A review of the world literature regarding the relative efficacy, duration and toxicity of the available beta-adrenergic bronchodilator aerosols for the treatment of asthma is presented. Many of these agents will soon become available in the United States and some familiarity with their actions is necessary for optimal care of asthmatic patients.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗