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Biomedical subjects

H J Thoumsin

Publications and source records attributed to H J Thoumsin.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Medical disorders which interfere with pregnancy].

During pregnancy, the future mother can develop several different diseases. Most of them have a benign prognosis. Cyanotic heart disease, at least when it is accompanied by significant pulmonary hypertension or induces a functional class IV represents a contra-indication to pregnancy. Pregnancy cardiomyopathy generally carries a poor prognosis and may be responsible for the mother's death. Herpes virus pneumopathy can also be extremely dangerous. Lupus erythematosus represents a factor of guarded prognosis for the outcome of pregnancy; discontinuation of the latter should be seriously considered. Hepatic steatosis which is a rare diagnosis must be distinguished from Hellp syndrome in which the maternal prognosis is much better. In this review, we shall briefly discuss various medical diseases which may have a deleterious influence on the evolution of pregnancy or on the foetus. These deleterious influences can be direct, i.e. due to the disease, or indirect, i.e. due to the therapy. We shall successively consider several neurological, cardiological, pulmonary, dermatological and digestive diseases. We shall not take into account viral infections or infections in general, diabetes mellitus or the various vasculo-renal syndromes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

In vitro aromatization of androgens into estrogens in placental insufficiency.

We perfused in vitro the placentas of the mothers of 3 small for gestational age (SGA) and 3 adequate for gestational age (AGA) infants. After a systemic injection of 10 mg of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), we measured the time course of the levels of DHEA-S, unconjugated DHEA, delta 4-androstenedione (delta 4-A), testosterone (T), estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) in perfusate. We observed a significant accumulation of delta 4-A + T and a concomitant low increase of E1 + E2 in the placental fluid of SGA infants. We conclude that the aromatase activity could be decreased in some cases of placental insufficiency. This could, at least in part, explain the accumulation of circulating androgens in the mothers of some SGA infants following DHEA-S loading test observed in vivo.

Androgens↗
PubMed1981

DHEA-S-loading test in cases of intrauterine growth retardation: relationship between the pattern of the maternal plasma metabolites and the fetoplacental dysfunction.

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate loading tests (DLT) have been performed in 17 cases of clinically suspected intrauterine fetal growth retardation. At birth, 9 babies had adequate birth weights for gestational age (AGA) and 8 infants were small for gestational age (SGA). In both groups, plasma levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), unconjugated DHEA, delta4-adrostenedione (delta4-A), testosterone (T), unconjugated estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) were measured seven times from 15 min to 4 h after the intravenous injection of 50 mg DHEA-S. Several differences appear between the AGA group and the SGA group: (1) in the latter group, the rate of disappearance of the injected DHEA-S is decreased; (2) plasma levels of delta4-A and T are significantly increased and remain elevated for 2-3 h, whereas in the AGA group these values are increased only for a short period of time just after the injection. E1 and E2 patterns are similar in both groups. It has previously been demonstrated that an impaired response to DLT reflects a reduced uteroplacental blood flow. In addition, our results suggests a concomitant impairment of the aromatizing activity which reduces the placental metabolization of neutral steroids to estrogens.

Androstenedione↗
PubMed1980

[Change test with DHEA-S in vivo and in vitro. Hypotrophy and utero-placental blood flow (author's transl)].

Using the method of Cedard and al., we perfused 18 placentas of women in which DHEA-S loading test has been performed during pregnancy. For each placenta, we measured the increase of estrogens in the perfusate (E1 + E2) 15 minutes after the injection of 10 mg of DHEA-S, and we calculated the half-life of the precursor in the system in well-standardized conditions. The comparison between: 1. Placentas of small for date babies and normal ones. 2. The increase of estrogens and the half-life of DHEA-S measured during pregnancy on the one hand and the same data obtained from the perfusion on the other, leads us to conclude that the capacity of the placenta to metabolize DHEA-S into estrogens is not diminished in small-for-date babies. The factor which modifies the response of the DHEA-S loading test in poor intrauterine growth seems to be due to a reduction of utero-placental blood flow.

Dehydroepiandrosterone↗
PubMed1980

[Maternal serum levels of cystine-aminopeptidase (C.A.P.) in normal and pathological pregnancies (author's transl)].

The variations of the maternal serum levels of cystine-aminopeptidase or oxytocinase (C.A.P.) have been studied in 399 measurements from 326 pregnant patients, 226 normal pregnancies were used as control and allowed us to set up a range of normal values for the age of pregnancy; the mean levels increase exponentially. It has not been possible from this study to establish conclusively a direct relationship between the C.A.P. levels, or variations of these levels and the onset of a fetal and/or placental pathology. In twin pregnancies only, the levels were constantly elevated.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1979

[Cardiotocography].

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Echocardiography↗