Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H J Sobel.
A case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the anterior mediastinum in a 40-year-old woman is presented. It showed typical features described in such tumors, but in addition there were foci of osteoclast-like giant cells that were not previously reported in this lesion.
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A case is reported of metastatic basal cell carcinoma presenting with multiple neurologic deficits 20 months after excision of the primary lesion with good local control. Many features associated with the development of metastasis from basal cell carcinoma were not present in this case.
An elderly patient who had nephrotic syndrome for many years was found to have mesangial expansion and thickening of the glomerular capillary basement membranes (GBMs) on light microscopy. Electron microscopy (EM) showed tubular structures measuring 24 to 27 nm in the mesangium and the subepithelial areas. Congo red staining for amyloid was negative. This case represents another instance of congo red-negative amyloidosis-like glomerulopathy.
We have reviewed the clinical course and histologic findings in 84 patients with stage I and II squamous carcinoma of the mouth floor. We concluded that lesion thickness may offer a useful method for predicting the probability of cervical metastasis in node negative (N0) patients. Moreover, surface area of the lesion did not correlate with subsequent nodal disease, whereas thickness did. Elective node dissection appears to be strongly indicated in any patient with a N0 lesion measuring more than 1.5 mm in thickness.
Flame figures are a characteristic histologic feature of Wells' syndrome (eosinophilic cellulitis). In this light and electron microscopic study, the ultrastructure of flame figures is described. Collagen fibers were encrusted with free eosinophil granules. No collagen damage was found. Flame figures most probably represent a transient result of unusual eosinophil activity.
The ultrastructure of optically clear endometrial nuclei is presented. These nuclear alterations have been found in spontaneous abortion, term pregnancy, endometriosis, and uterine choriocarcinoma.
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A fibroproliferative lesion arising anterior to the lower end of the scapula and containing polymorphic often fiberlike deposits of weakly elastinophilic fibrillary material is described. It is compared on the light and ultrastructural level to a typical elastofibroma. The fibrillary material seen in this tumor strongly resembles that which surrounds the strongly elastinophilic deposits in the typical elastofibroma and from which the elastin is thought to be derived. It is concluded that elastin-producing tumors form a continuum; at one end of which lies the tumor we have designated pre-elastofibroma and at the other, the typical elastofibroma.
An unusual patient with hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and right ventricular failure is presented. Minimal skeletal muscle weakness, although present, cannot explain hypercapnia. Muscle biopsy revealed diabetic microangiopathy. Carbon dioxide stimulation demonstrated a diminished hypercapnic ventilatory response. The patient benefited from progesterone therapy. In this unusual patient, mild muscular weakness, caused by diabetes, and central alveolar hypoventilation have acted in synergism to cause abnormal ventilation and right ventricular failure.
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Endocardial tumors in the rat found in association with intrathoracic implantation of durable fibrous materials are reported here for the first time. In Osborne-Mendel female rats, endocardial tumors occurred in 3 of 50 rats associated with the implantation of fiberglass greater than 5 micron in length and 1-3 micron in diameter, in 1 of 15 rats associated with fiberglass of 0.03 X 3 micron, and in 1 of 15 rats associated with pulverized glass fiber. The intrathoracic administrations of pulverized chrysotile, of cigarette smoke condensate and crocidolite, and of coarse cotton lint, and of intravenous injections of air particulate extract were associated with endocardial tumor in 1 of 15 rats each. The dimensions of the durable fibers associated with endocardial tumors were similar to those of carcinogenic asbestos. Endocardial tumors were not observed in concurrently studied control rats.
Cardiac cells' total homogenates and subcellular components Ca++, CaATPase and alkaline protease levels were matched with their respective microscopic samples in order to ascertain their role in the formation of contraction bands. It was seen that those samples having contraction bands also had a high incidence of intracellular Ca++, low CaATPase and high alkaline protease levels. This study confirms reports that contraction bands are not limited to pathological hearts (Adomian et al., 1977), but neither are they limited to artifacts related to autopsy procedures. They were seen in varying degrees of severity in hearts of healthy rats sacrificed by decapitation and less frequently with only sarcomeric involvement to absence of in animals sacrificed by diethyl ether overdose. It is postulated that the elevated Ca++ activated alkaline protease (pH 8.5) by inhibiting its inhibitor (Waxman and Krebs, 1978). It may have inhibited total CaATPase activity (Hasselbach, 1974) as well. We believe that the activated alkaline protease produced irreversible contraction bands by lysing the microhinge between light and heavy meromyosin.
A peritoneal mesothelioma was induced by asbestos in a hamster, and was established in serial transfer to new hosts by injection of peritoneal effusion containing tumor cells. Biologically and histopathologically, this tumor is similar to its human counterpart. Three drugs were tested for efficacy using this model. Survival time was used as the only parameter of response and was compared with survival time of controls. Survival time increased 25 to 50% after short regimens of doxorubicin or 5-fluorouracil. Survival time increased up to 308% after long-continued treatments with cyclophosphamide. No cures were achieved.
Fibrous mesotheliomas of the scrotal sac are described. Similar tumors have been previously reported as fibromas and pseudofibromas and have been considered to be non-neoplastic, reactive, fibrous lesions. Ultrastructural evidence for a mesothelial origin for these tumors is presented. The value of ultrastructural study in the classification of tumors arising in or on mesothelial lined surfaces is stressed.
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