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Biomedical subjects

H J Reuter

Publications and source records attributed to H J Reuter.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

The development of urological endoscopy in America.

This article deals with the history of medicine in American urology, where endoscopy is a very important subject. The development of endoscopy in America unrolled in three phases: the acquisition of European techniques and instruments, realization of the ideas of American researchers, and original creations that forwarded endoscopy considerably. European instruments were acquired in the nineteenth century, culminating in the instruments developed by Max Nitze. When Wappler started the production of endoscopes in 1905, they were the basis for the development of numerous modifications and innovations such as electrosurgery, developed by Beer in 1910, with the Resonator created by Wappler; the resectoscope, invented by Stern and McCarthy in 1931; "cold light" using glass fibers for illumination, described by ACMI in 1960; the flexible fiber ureterorenoscope, described by Marshall in 1960; and fluorescence cystoscopy, introduced by I. M. Bush and W. F. Whitmore in 1964.

Diagnostic Techniques, Urological↗
PubMed1995

Alternative splicing restricts translation of rearrangements at the T-cell receptor delta/alpha locus.

Lymphocytes expressing alpha beta or gamma delta T-cell receptors (TCR) represent distinct T-cell populations. Because TCR delta genes lie within the TCR alpha locus, the rearrangement processes, transcription, and translation of TCR delta or TCR alpha variable domain exons require tight regulation. Human precursor B-cell leukemias (eg, the REH cell line) constitute an interesting model to study TCR delta/alpha recombination because they rearrange TCR delta/alpha loci along a hierarchically ordered pathway in which V delta 2D delta 3 segments are joined to the J alpha cluster. We now show for REH cells that chimeric TCR delta/alpha variable domain exons are posttranscriptionally modified by alternative splicing resulting in truncated V delta 2C alpha transcripts. This process also takes place during thymic differentiation. CD7+/CD3- T-cell precursors exhibit V delta 2D delta 3 rearrangements. Further differentiation into CD7+/CD3+ thymocytes is associated with the expression of a truncated V delta 2C alpha RNA species. In contrast, chimeric TCR delta/alpha rearrangements containing a V delta 1 segment (but no D delta sequences) are predominantly expressed as full-length V delta 1J alpha C alpha transcripts. These data suggest that alternative splicing constitutes a mechanism that restricts the production of distinct chimeric TCR alpha chains.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

Human common acute lymphoblastic leukemia-derived cell lines are competent to recombine their T-cell receptor delta/alpha regions along a hierarchically ordered pathway.

Rearrangements of the T-cell receptor (TCR) delta locus are observed in the majority of human B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) with a striking predominance of V delta 2(D)D delta 3 recombinations in common ALL (cALL) patients. Recently, we and others showed that almost 20% of cALL cases are characterized by further recombination of V delta 2(D)D delta 3 segments to J alpha elements, thereby deleting the TCR delta locus in analogy to the delta Rec/psi J alpha pathway in differentiating alpha/beta-positive T cells. We report here that two human cALL-derived cell lines, REH and Nalm-6, are competent to recombine the TCR delta/alpha locus under standard tissue culture conditions. Analysis of different REH subclones obtained by limiting dilution of the initial culture showed a biased recombination of V delta 2D delta 3 to distinct J alpha elements. During prolonged tissue culture, a subclone acquired growth advantage and displaced parental cells as well as other subclones. Frequently, the DJ junctions of REH subclones contained extended stretches of palindromic sequences derived from modified D delta 3 coding elements. The other cell line, Nalm-6, started the TCR delta/alpha recombination with an unusual signal joint of a cryptic recombinase signal sequence (RSS) upstream of D delta 3 to the 3' RSS of D delta 3. The RSS dimer was subsequently rearranged in all investigated subclones to an identical J alpha element. Both cell lines might become valuable tools to unravel the complex regulation of TCR delta/alpha recombination pathways in malignant and normal lymphopoiesis.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Prostatic hyperplasia over 80 grams weight, is transurethral resection an adequate procedure? Results of a prospective study.

A prospective study of transurethral resection with continuous low pressure irrigation was undertaken to find out, whether large prostates can be operated transurethrally without undue risk. Since 1986, the beginning of the study, 121 prostates with adenomas over 80 grams weight (> 80 g group) were resected. The mean age of the patients was 70.1 years, the mean weight of the resected prostate tissue was 104 grams in 66 minutes. The postoperative mortality was below 1% (1 patient). 17 patients (14%) needed blood transfusion, 11 patients had peroperative hemodilution. Even with large prostate, considering the rather high mean age of the patients treated, there is no considerably elevated operating risk, when large prostates are resected transurethrally. It however has to be emphasized, that this is achieved only with continuous low pressure irrigation and the loop of a 28 Fr. standard resectoscope in combination with an automatically regulated electrosurgical unit.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Equipment and Supplies↗
PubMed1991

[Total transurethral electroresection of carcinoma of the prostate].

Transurethral resection of the prostatic carcinoma was performed here most completely at a time already when radical surgical prostatectomy was not a rather new procedure. The preliminary evaluation of 150 cases of all stages (T1-4) showed a 5 year survival rate of almost 80% with post-operative complications comparable to transurethral prostatectomy of the adenoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Percutaneous nephrostomy for deflation and stone treatment, I.

A simple technique of percutaneous nephrostomy and renal calculus treatment is reported. The pertaining equipment and method are so highly accomplished today that the majority of stones can be removed percutaneously, largely dispensing with the need for surgical operation. The method has proved particularly efficient in secondary operations. It can be put to work at every urologic department where an X-ray table with closed-circuit TV is available and a surgical team is at hand, ready to cope at once with complications, presenting themselves rarely in the form of secondary bleeding, injury of a nearby organ, etc. Therefore the urologist should be advised to perform the renal puncture himself. Endoscopic removal of the stone, the easier part of the operation, can be carried out in a single session; but for larger stones which are less easy to cope with, it should be done a few days after creation of the fistula, when the tunnel has sufficiently indurated to permit effortless work. The percutaneous method, since it removes the stone at once, is usually superior to the more expensive extracorporeal nephrolithotripsy but the two may complement each other.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Drug sclerosing of kidney cysts].

A report is given on the medicinal sclerosing of renal cysts by percutaneous treatment of 15 patients of the age of about 50 to 70 years. By intracaval injection of Aethoxysklerol in a solution of 2% the vessels of the cysts wall are obliterated and the tissue is sclerosed. The described technique avoids incorrect application as well as complications and major strain for the patients. True recurrences are obviously seldom. The report indicates that any evidence of a tumour disease apart from the cysts must bei excluded. The successful treatment shows that the percutaneous sclerosing represents a recommendable alternative to surgical operations. The efficacy and compatibility of the sclerosing agent Aethoxysklerol are particularly mentioned.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnostic and surgical endoscopy of the ureter and kidney. Initial experiences with uretero-renoscopy].

The new method of uretero-renoscopy with rigid endoscopes has extended the possibilities for endoscopic diagnosis and procedures in the ureter and kidney. Our first experiences in 37 patients are absolutely positive even if one considers the initial difficulties passing the ostium. This method, introduced by E. Perez-Castro can be recommended to skilled endoscopists if the basic principles of endoscopy are strictly observed (no hard pushing of instruments, continuous optical and x-ray control with contrast medium and physiologic low pressure irrigation). This advice must be observed even more so in operative uretero-renoscopy, where instruments and techniques are still at an initial stage. It was possible to extract transurethrally nearly half of the ureteral calculi prepared for surgical procedure. Biopsy, coagulation and other methods used in connection with operative cystoscopy can be applied.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Antibacterial treatment of urinary tract infections with co-tetroxazin (sterinor)].

In 100 patients with urinary tract infections the new benzyl-pyrimidine/sulphonamide combination Co-tetroxazin (Sterinor) was tested concerning its in vitro and in vivo action. In spite of the heterogenous cases (pyelonephritis 16%, obstructions 15%, prostatitis respectively urethritis 12% and cystitis 53%) and the relatively high average age (about 40% above the age of 60) a high therapeutic success was achieved. The clinical symptomatology improved up to 96% (respectively 83% without anymore pathological findings). This in vivo action correlated very well with the in vitro action in the agar diffusion test: fully sensitive 79%, moderately sensitive 15% and resistant only 6%. It is worth mentioning that the in vivo results with Sterinor were obtained with only 1/3 of the usual substance load (dosis) of the other benzylpyrimidine/sulphonamide combinations. This is due to the more favourable pharmacokinetic properties. Particularly in chronic patients, multi-morbidity and in elder patients this is clinically relevant. With this proven comparable clinical effect Co-tetroxazin is to be specified therefore to be more effective pharmacologically.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[20 years of prostate surgery. Reduction in the number of complications through application of a new concept in TUR, cryosurgery and surgical procedures].

During the last 20 years a deep change took place in the technique as well as in the conception of the operations of the prostate gland in adenomas and carcinomas. The endoscopic methods were adapted to the physiology of the urinary tract and to the condition of the patient; thus the general complication and lethality rate was decisively lowered (reduction of the general postoperative lethality from 1.2% to 0.77%). -- The operation method is selected according to the degree of risk of the patient. The TURP with the new low pressure technique (72%) and the freezing (25%) also in the adenoma of supersize are preferred. On the other hand, the surgical interventions rich in loss (lethality 3.3-4.3%) are decisively reduced (below 3%). -- The new endoscopic technique of cryosurgery guarantees a high value operation also for patients with a high risk (lethality 1.8%), in which cases the failure rate of the other method is indirectly decisively reduced (TURP 0.3%, radical TUR 0.7%). The carcinoma is (sub-) radically resected, and resected with increased risk or relapse, respectively; lymphadenectomy and radiation therapy supplement these operations.

Adenoma↗