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Biomedical subjects

H J Griffiths

Publications and source records attributed to H J Griffiths.

117 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcaneal fractures in diabetic patients.

We would like to present 23 calcaneal fractures in 22 patients of whom 21 had type I diabetes mellitus. There appear to be three basic fracture types: (1) a superiorly displaced extra-articular avulsion fracture of the posterior calcaneus (or Iowa fracture), which occurred in 12 patients (five men, seven women); (2) a mid-calcaneal compression fracture in six patients (four men, two women), and (3) a cleavage or "wedge" type fracture in four patients extending from the calcaneal tubercle (one man, 3 women). All four of this last group of patients had a history of a chronic penetrating ulcer, and this is noteworthy since only one other patient out of the remaining 18 in groups 1 and 2 had a similar history. Most patients had decreased bone mineralization: 15 patients were on long-term, high-dose steroids, and 18 patients had either poor renal function or complete renal failure (11 of 12). Fourteen patients had received either renal or pancreas transplants. Eight patients were on restricted weight bearing prior to their fractures. We believe that diabetic patients are more prone to calcaneal fractures than the general population, and early diagnosis is imperative, followed by early treatment to prevent significant bony deformity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of calcium and fluoride in osteoporosis in rhesus monkeys.

Twenty-two female Rhesus monkeys were fed purified diets varying in calcium and fluoride content for five years and studied, using radiographic, photon absorptiometric and histologic techniques. The results suggested that: 1) the addition of fluoride (50 ppm) to a diet containing 1 per cent calcium resulted in a reduction in bone growth rate and resorption, without affecting bone size or density nor resulting in fluorosis; 2) a diet containing 0.15 per cent calcium resulted in osteoporosis due to an increase in bone resorption; and 3) fluoride added to a similar low calcium diet prevented osteroporosis by reducing bone growth rate and resorption resulting in bones with normal density, but at the same time fluoride interfered with mineralization of osteoid leading to osteomalacia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of CT scanning with photon absorptiometric measurement of bone mineral content in the appendicular skeleton.

Traditional methods of bone mineral analysis were compared to a new technique using computerized tomography (or CT scanning). The correlation between the CT values for long bones in the dog and actual calcium content was 0.9942. The correlation between two photon absorptiometric techniques and CT values were also 0.9981 and 0.9962. The precision of repeated scans was +/-2%. It is suggested that the CT scanner will allow bone mineral analysis to be performed with accuracy and precision.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The application of photographic reducers to autoradiographically intensified radiographs.

In autoradiographic intensification of underexposed images by the method of Askins, the lower densities are intensified by a much larger factor than the higher densities, thus decreasing the contrast of the intensified image. However, when the underexposed, developed, and processed image radiograph) is treated in a subtractive photographic reducer (potassium ferricyanide-sodium thiosulfate mixture) prior to activation with 35S thiourea, the fog is decreased greatly, thereby increasing the contrast of the intensified image. Of the six underexposed radiographys, involving both bone phantoms and various body regions studied after autoradiographic intensification, five were consistently rated adequate for their diagnostic certainty in comparison to the corresponding optimally exposed radiographs.

Autoradiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnification and high-resolution radiography in sports-related injuries.

Magnification, or high-resolution radiography, is a widely accepted technique and is currently used in angiography, mammography and pediatric chest radiographs. Small avulsion fractures of the bones of the hand and stress fractures of th tibia are examples of two areas where the fracture may not be apparent on conventional films, although in many cases magnification radiography will demonstrate the lesions. Six representative case histories are provided to illustrate the use of magnification radiography in sports-related injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Open meniscus repair. Technique and two to nine year results.

An average 4.6 year follow-up study has been done on 80 of 104 open meniscus repairs of unstable peripheral tears. Two of nine retears were treated in the acute stage and seven were treated in the chronic stage. Eight retears were medial, one was lateral (repair ratio, 1.5:1 medial to lateral), three occurred through the repair site, and six occurred in different areas. Retears occurred in 1 of 26 isolated repairs, 2 of 38 repairs done with an ACL stabilization procedure, and 6 of 16 repairs done in ACL deficient knees that were not stabilized. Standing radiographs revealed normal compartments in 40 of 41 repairs.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Juxta-articular erosions in reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

Thirty-one patients with documented reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS) were reviewed for their radiographic changes. Juxta-articular and metaphyseal bone loss was found in the majority of the patients. Juxta-articular bone loss closely resembling erosions seen in rheumatoid arthritis was found in all the patients. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An outbreak of trematodiasis in domestic geese.

Losses greater than 3% were incurred in a large flock of domestic geese on summer pasture. Necropsy of the sick birds revealed no significant bacterial or viral isolates. The trematodes Echinostoma revolutum and Notocotylus attenuatus were present in considerable numbers, respectively in the small and large intestines.

Animals↗