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Biomedical subjects

H J Gijsman

Publications and source records attributed to H J Gijsman.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

The effect of m-CPP on tics and obsessive-compulsive phenomena in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

RATIONALE: Family genetic and phenomenological studies support an interrelationship between Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Some authors consider GTS as part of a serotonergically mediated cluster of OCD spectrum disorders. OBJECTIVE: To study serotonergic mechanisms in GTS, the effect of the relatively selective 5-HT2c agonist meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP) was assessed. METHODS: We studied the behavioural effects of m-CPP on tics, obsessions, compulsions and impulsions of GTS. Twelve medication-free GTS patients (ten men, two women) were included in a single dose 0.5 mg/kg oral m-CPP challenge study with a double-blinded placebo-controlled cross-over design. Global symptom scores, target symptom scores as well as biochemical measures were followed up to 24 h after baseline. RESULTS: While m-CPP caused a significant rise in plasma cortisol and prolactin levels, no significant effects were found on the tics, obsessions and compulsions. Impulsions showed a trend to ameliorate. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support a predominant role for 5-HT on the tics in GTS. The trend of impulsions to ameliorate after m-CPP can be interpreted as circumstantial support for impulsivity-related 5-HT hypofunctionality in GTS. However, the large variability of m-CPP plasma concentrations found in this study casts doubts upon the reliability of m-CPP as a probe for challenge studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

MDMA study.

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Animals↗
PubMed1998

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of oral and intravenous meta-chlorophenylpiperazine in healthy volunteers.

meta-Chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) is a compound that is frequently used in challenge tests of the serotonergic system. Its human pharmacology is largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of mCPP. Eight female and six male healthy volunteers were included in a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, three-way crossover design of single-dose intravenous (0.1 mg/kg), oral (0.5 mg/kg), and placebo treatment, with 24-hour follow-up. mCPP showed a large variability in clearance (11-92 mL/hr) and bioavailability (14-108%). Two female subjects dropped out because of headache and dysphoria. During the 27 occasions in which mCPP was administered, autonomic physical symptoms were observed in 23 subjects and disturbances of mood in 6 subjects. Oral and intravenous mCPP caused sudden increases in cortisol levels, prolactin levels, and total scores of the Body Sensation Questionnaire. Administration of mCPP also led to concentration-dependent increases of saccadic peak velocity and adaptive tracking performance and to a decrease of electroencephalographic occipital theta activity. No clinically relevant effects on electrocardiogram, temperature, and blood pressure were found. In conclusion, it is doubtful whether mCPP is a useful compound for challenge tests in view of the large pharmacokinetic variability after intravenous and oral administration. The effects of mCPP are consistent with disinhibition of the central nervous system.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Endothelin antagonist bosentan blocks neurogenic inflammation, but is not effective in aborting migraine attacks.

Bosentan, a specific mixed antagonist of endothelin receptors with no vasoconstrictor activity, inhibits neurogenic plasma extravasation (NPE) within rat dura mater. This would predict efficacy in aborting migraine attacks, without causing cardiovascular side-effects. We investigated the efficacy of 250 mg i.v. bosentan in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Improvement from moderate/severe to mild/no headache at 2 h (primary efficacy measure) occurred in 5/23 (22%) of bosentan-treated and in 9/25 (36%) of placebo-treated patients (effect difference -14%; 95% CI -52%, 24%). Thus, inhibition of NPE may not predict clinical efficacy of experimental antimigraine drugs. Vasoconstrictor action may be needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Plasma interleukin-1, tumour necrosis factor and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses during migraine attacks.

To evaluate systemic cytokine and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses in migraine, we measured plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor, interleukin-1, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol, as well as body temperature during and between attacks in 20 migraine patients. We found no evidence of systemic rise of cytokines during migraine attacks. Plasma cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone responses were similar to those found to experimentally-induced pain in normal subjects, i.e. elevated cortisol and unchanged adrenocorticotropic hormone levels. Unexpectedly, body temperature tended to be lower during attacks.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗