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Biomedical subjects

H J Finberg

Publications and source records attributed to H J Finberg.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Computed tomography of malignant pleural mesothelioma.

We tabulated the computed tomographic (CT) findings in 14 consecutive patients who had proven malignant pleural mesotheliomas and were studied over a 3-year period. We also staged the disease in these patients, all of whom were men, aged 40-75 years (mean, 59), and had been exposed to asbestos at work. Common presenting symptoms were shortness of breath or chest pain. Pleural thickening was found on the side of the tumor in all of the patients, characterized as nodular and circumferential (6/14 cases), plaque-like (4/14), or strictly nodular (4/14) in appearance. In addition, 86% of the patients demonstrated contralateral pleural thickening, but these lesions did not prove to be tumor deposits. Other common CT findings in the involved hemithorax included: pleural effusions (79% of cases), lung parenchymal disease (79%), decreased hemithorax size (62%), and pleural calcification (50%). Before the chest scans were performed, 13 patients were felt to have Stage I disease and one to have Stage IV. The CT information revised these opinions: four of the Stage I patients were assigned to Stage II (on the basis of chest wall involvement or enlarged hilar/mediastinal lymph nodes). Therapy was altered in these four cases. In two patients pericardial thickening was seen, but it was not possible to determine if this was due to tumor involvement. We conclude that CT can identify several abnormalities that are commonly associated with mesotheliomas. By demonstrating lesions not detectable on conventional imaging studies, CT may alter staging and therapy in many patients with this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A prospective study of computed tomography and ultrasound in the detection and staging of pelvic masses.

Findings from computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) examinations of 74 patients who were clinically thought to have pelvic masses and of 110 patients who had possible recurrence of pelvic tumors were analyzed. There was no significant difference in the ability of the two modalities to identify masses or to predict disease extent. Although both CT and US failed to detect some examples of spread outside of the pelvis, overstaging (apart from two cases of unconfirmed parametrial spread) did not occur with CT and occurred only once with US. The sensitivity was 0.96 for CT and 0.91 for US in the detection of pelvic masses. Both modalities had an accuracy of 0.81 in the detection of recurrent disease.

Diatrizoate↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography, ultrasound, and scintigraphy of the liver in patients with colon or breast carcinoma: a prospective comparison.

A prospective evaluation of computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US), and Tc-99m sulfur colloid scintigraphy of the liver was performed in 189 patients who had either colon (n = 129) or breast (n = 60) carcinoma. Imaging was performed with fourth-generation CT scanners, gray-scale or phased array ultrasound scanners, and 37-tube gamma cameras. Studies were evaluated independently and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed. In addition, a standard 2 X 2 matrix analysis was performed. In patients who had all three examinations (n = 122), the matrix analysis showed that CT had a slightly higher sensitivity (0.93) than scintigraphy (0.86) or US (0.82); specificities were 0.88, 0.83, and 0.85, respectively. These differences were not statistically significant. However, ROC curves showed that CT had the highest true-positive ratio at every false-positive ratio, and that US had the lowest. The performance of CT did not differ significantly from that of scintigraphy, but was better than that of US (p less than .05), especially in patients with breast carcinoma. Overall, CT provided the most accurate means for detecting liver metastases from both primary lesions.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

CT detection of intraabdominal disease in patients with lower extremity signs and symptoms.

The initial clinical presentation of intraabdominal disease can be in an extraabdominal location. This phenomenon most commonly occurs in the setting of bowel perforation secondary to diverticulitis, appendicitis, or carcinoma, with resultant spread of infection caudal to the abdomen. Hematomas and pancreatic fluid collections may also dissect out of the abdomen. The spread of these disease processes is likely to occur in a predictable fashion along anatomic tissue planes. Computed tomography (CT) is well suited to demonstrate the extraabdominal site of disease, the pathway of spread from the abdomen, and the occult intraabdominal process. We describe four such cases in which CT was useful and discuss the anatomic pathways involved.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography versus ultrasound of the adrenal gland: a prospective study.

A prospective study of the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound was undertaken in 112 consecutive patients with suspected adrenal disease. CT had a sensitivity of 84% (47/56), a specificity of 98% (55/56), and an accuracy of 90%. Ultrasound had a sensitivity of 79% (22/28), a specificity of 61% (14/23), and an overall accuracy of 70%. When patients with Cushing disease and adrenal hyperplasia were excluded, and only masses such as pheochromocytoma, adenoma, and carcinoma were considered, the sensitivity of both CT and ultrasound was increased. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves differed for CT and ultrasound, and strongly supported the diagnostic superiority of CT.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1982

A prospective evaluation of computed tomography and ultrasound of the pancreas.

A prospective cooperative study was performed to assess the relative efficacy of computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound in detecting and identifying pancreatic lesions. Of the 279 patients in the study, 146 were found to have a normal pancreas, and 133 had an abnormal pancreas. All patients underwent both CT and ultrasound examinations. Forty-four ultrasound examinations were technically unsatisfactory. When these suboptimal examinations were excluded, CT had a sensitivity of 0.87 and a specificity of 0.90 in detecting an abnormal pancreas. Ultrasound had a sensitivity of 0.69 and a specificity of 0.82. In detecting a lesion and identifying it as malignant or inflammatory, CT had a sensitivity of 0.84 and ultrasound had a sensitivity of 0.56. It is concluded that CT is the method of choice for detecting a pancreatic lesion, assessing its extent, and defining its etiology.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasound-facilitated intrauterine transfusions.

Ultrasound-facilitated intrauterine transfusion was performed on 35 fetuses. Eleven fetuses were hydropic and less than 26 weeks' gestation at the time of the first intrauterine transfusion (IUT). Only two (18%) neonates survived. Twelve fetuses were not hydropic and less than 26 weeks' gestation at time of IUT. Six (50%) neonates survived. Corrected neonatal survival rates for three hydropic and nine nonhydropic fetuses transfused after 26 weeks were 100% and 78%, respectively. The presence of ascites documented by ultrasound is an adequate indication for an IUT and permitted earlier detection of sicker fetuses; however, as a therapeutic aid, ultrasound neither diminished the fetal morbidity and mortality associated with the procedure nor completely eliminated the need for radiography to confirm proper intra-abdominal localization of the transfusion tubing.

Ascites↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of incomplete inferior vena caval thrombosis secondary to periphlebitis: the importance of a complete survey examination.

A case of unsuspected, asymptomatic, partial thrombotic occlusion of the inferior vena cava secondary to endometritis and periphlebitis is presented. The diagnostic findings of this entity are described, and the importance of a complete abdominal survey, especially in the septic patient, is emphasized. Real-time sector scanning greatly facilitates the performance of this survey.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasound observations in multiple gestation with first trimester bleeding: the blighted twin.

Twenty-two patients, 19 of whom presented with first trimester bleeding, underwent ultrasound examination demonstrating a normal amniotic cavity containing a fetus with regular heart activity. In each, a separate anechoic or hypoechoic region was identified within the uterus compatible with a coexistent anembryonic pregnancy or "blighted twin." Three patterns, (a) second sac, (b) crescent of fluid outlining the intact sac, and (c) septal division of the amniotic cavity with one compartment empty, are described. Seven additional cases showing variant situations are discussed. The diagnosis of blighted twin carries a good prognosis for carrying the single gestation to term.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1979

Arthrosonography: gray-scale ultrasound evaluation of the shoulder.

Gray-scale ultrasound images of the shoulders of 6 rhesus monkeys were obtained before and after fluid instillation to assess the ability of ultrasound to diagnose joint disorders. The normal bony landmarks and muscular structures were shown. After the fluid was introduced, fluid collections were identified in the axillary pouch and subscapular bursa. Ultrasound is a promising new method of detecting intra-articular effusions of the shoulder.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasound evaluation of the gallbladder wall.

In a series of 526 consecutive, unprepared patients examined by ultrasound, the gallbladder was visualized in 507 (96%). The average wall thickness was 2 mm or less in 97% of asymptomatic subjects without cholelithiasis and 3 mm or greater in 45% of those with choletithiasis. Pathologic correlation of increased thickness and chronic cholecystitis was made in a subgroup of 47 surgical patients. Local tenderness and mucosal thickening were found in 8 patients with acute cholecystitis. Use of electronic sector scanning is emphasized.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of hepatobiliary imaging by radionuclide scintigraphy, ultrasonography, and contrast cholangiography.

Cholescintigraphy, ultrasonography, and contrast cholangiography were compared in 60 patients. Among those having abdominal pain but no biliary disease or jaundice, cholescintigraphy was normal in 14/14, ultrasound in 10/13, and cholangiography in 13/14. Jaundice due to hepatocellular disease was correctly distinguished from complete biliary obstruction by cholescintigraphy in 17/17 patients and by ultrasound in 14/17. In cholelithiasis, ultrasound was abnormal in 10/12 and cholangiography in 7/9. Cholescintigraphy appeared most sensitive to active cholecystitis; only cholangiography and ultrasound visualized gallstones.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Intrauterine transfusion with the use of phased array ultrasonography: a new technique.

Continuous ultrasonic observation of needle placement for aspiration, biopsy, or catheter placement is a novel and specific use of phased array imaging. In the case of IUTx, catheter placement into the fetal peritoneal space is accomplished rapidly, with reduced risk of fetal trauma, and without exposure to ionizing radiation. Experience with 27 transfusions in 11 patients is presented.

Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arthrosonography--technique, sonographic anatomy, and pathology.

Ultrasound scanning of the hips, shoulders, and elbows was investigated as a noninvasive technique for the diagnosis of joint disorders. Sixteen patients with known intra-articular fluid collections, loose bodies, or periarticular abnormalities were studied. Ultrasound images clearly demonstrated the contours of bony surfaces, normal muscles, and other soft-tissue structures around joints. Intra-articular fluid collections were seen as sonolucent halos around the femoral neck and humeral head and as an oval, sonolucent area anterior to the distal humerus. Collections of fluid as small as 10 ml in the hip and 16 ml in the shoulder were visualized. Intra-articular loose bodies and para-articular fluid collections were also demonstrated. It is concluded that gray-scale ultrasound can demonstrate some of the basic pathologic processes in joint disorders. Further evaluation of its scope and applicability is indicated.

Body Fluids↗