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Biomedical subjects

H Itoh

Publications and source records attributed to H Itoh.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Serum apolipoprotein B-100 concentrations in healthy and diseased cattle.

The purpose of this study was to establish the normal range of serum apolipoprotein B-100 (APO B-100) concentration in clinically normal cattle, and to assess its abnormalities with clinical diseases. We measured the serum concentration of APO B-100 in cattle of varying ages, breeds and sex, maintained under normal field conditions. Blood samples were obtained from 735 apparently healthy cattle and 146 cows with various diseases. The concentration of serum APO B-100 in cattle was assayed by the single radial immunodiffusion method. The concentration of serum APO B-100 in healthy adult breeding bulls (mean +/- SD: Holstein; 101 +/- 46 microg/ml, Japanese Black; 106 +/- 46 microg/ml) was significantly (P<0.001) lower than that in cows (Holstein; 259 +/- 63, Japanese Black; 210 +/- 46 microg/ml), while that of APO B-100 in steers (Holstein; 290 +/- 86 microg/ml, Japanese Black; 302 +/- 90 microg/ml) was similar to the level in cows. The concentration of serum APO B-100 in cattle varied with sex and breed. APO B-100 concentration in cattle was decreased in association with metabolic disorders such as ketosis, displaced abomasum and fatty liver. From these results, it is assumed that the level of serum APO B-100 will be applied to diagnosis of metabolic diseases in cattle.

Abomasum↗
PubMed1997

Impaired guanosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate production in severe pregnancy-induced hypertension with high plasma levels of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides.

To investigate the activation of particulate guanylate cyclase in pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate (cGMP) were measured by radioimmunoassays specific to each substance. Ten normal nonpregnant women, and 30 normal pregnant women, 17 pregnant women with mild PIH and 11 pregnant women with severe PIH in the third trimester were included in this retrospective observational study. The diagnosis and classification of hypertension were carried out according to the technical bulletin (No. 91) of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. In the pregnant women with mild PIH, plasma cGMP levels as well as ANP and BNP levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those in gestational age-matched normal pregnant or nonpregnant women. But in the pregnant women with severe PIH, plasma cGMP levels were significantly lower than those in pregnant women with mild PIH (P < 0.05), although plasma ANP and BNP levels were higher than those in pregnant women with mild PIH.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Fiber digestion and weight gain in guinea pigs fed diets containing different fiber sources.

The effects of different fiber sources on feed intake, weight gain and digestibility of fiber were examined in guinea-pigs fed pelleted diets containing alfalfa meal, oaten hay, beet pulp and commercial hay cubes mixed with a basal diet at ratios of 3:1 (75% in the diet), 1:1 (50%) and 1:3 (25%). The basal diet contained 50.0% corn, 4.1% wheat, 22.1% wheat flour and 17.7% corn gluten meal. Food intake increased as the amount of fiber source was increased, but not in the case of beet pulp. The most digestible fiber (ADF and NDF) was that of beet pulp. Apparent digestibility of dry matter decreased with increasing ratios of fiber source to the basal diet for all fiber sources, but fiber and crude protein digestibilities varied and depended not only on the ratio of fiber to the basal diet but also on the source of the fiber.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1997

Wegener's granulomatosis with dural involvement as the initial clinical manifestation.

We treated a patient with an atypical presentation of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) with dural involvement as the initial clinical manifestation. A 37-year-old man had a dural lesion without lower respiratory tract or renal manifestations in the initial clinical course. His only initial symptom was headache, and at disease onset computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head revealed bilateral abnormal subdural masses. The diagnosis of WG was made based on the results of needle biopsy of the nasal polyps and the finding of positive circulating antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (c-ANCA). He achieved remission on daily prednisone and cyclophosphamide with the later addition of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cholecystoparesis with diabetic autonomic neuropathy.

A 69-year-old male diabetic patient was hospitalized with pneumonia in February 1996. Abdominal ultrasonography performed as a routine examination on admission revealed marked dilatation of gallbladder with a fasting maximal size of 25.7 cm2 compared with 8.8 +/- 2.9 cm2 evaluated in 30 male healthy controls aged 67 +/- 8 years old. Four months after recovery from pneumonia, abnormal gallbladder dilatation remained unchanged (25.0 cm2), while dilatation had not been observed on an examination performed 6 years earlier (9.8 cm2). Because of accompanying neurological defects, we suppose that cholecystoparesis may be caused by progression of autonomic neuropathy in this patient with diabetes mellitus.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Acute interstitial pneumonia: high-resolution CT findings correlated with pathology.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between pathologic phases and high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings in patients with acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our retrospective review found 14 patients with AIP who were included in this study. Three patients were pathologically diagnosed as having AIP by open lung biopsy, and the other 11 patients were confirmed at autopsy. In eight of the 11 autopsy patients, the postmortem lungs were inflated and fixed by Heitzman's method, and a postmortem HRCT scan was obtained on all 11 autopsy patients. Paying special attention to the disease stage, we selected 27 areas of the lung from antemortem or postmortem HRCT and correlated them with pathologic findings. RESULTS: Nine areas of the lung that showed increased attenuation without traction bronchiectasis were associated with either the exudative (n = 5) or early proliferative (n = 4) phase of AIP. Eleven areas of increased attenuation with traction bronchiectasis were associated with either the proliferative (n = 4) or fibrotic (n = 7) phase of AIP. Honey-combing, observed in one area of the lung, corresponded to restructuring of distal airspaces and dense interstitial fibrosis. Six spared areas, within or adjacent to areas of increased attenuation, showed pathologic findings of the exudative phase. CONCLUSION: HRCT findings were not specific for the pathologic findings in our patients with AIP. Nevertheless, the findings of traction bronchiectasis in areas of increased attenuation suggested the proliferative or fibrotic phase.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Solitary "amyloid ulcer" localized in the sigmoid colon without evidence of systemic amyloidosis.

In a 51-yr-old man, colonoscopy for heme-positive stools revealed a solitary "amyloid ulcer" localized in the sigmoid colon. There were no clinical symptoms suggesting amyloidosis, and additional examination revealed no findings characteristic of amyloidosis or any chronic inflammatory disease. Ischemic change as a result of amyloid infiltration into the vessel wall may lead to formation of an ulcer in the affected bowel. Although local resection can be considered for a symptomatic and well defined lesion, it should be kept in mind that amyloid can present in various forms and follow various courses, such as the spontaneous healing that occurred in our patient.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1997

[Brain uptake ratio as an index of cerebral blood flow obtained with 99mTc-ECD].

A new index of cerebral blood flow (brain uptake ratio, BUR) using 99mTc-ECD was developed and evaluated in 66 patients (132 cerebral hemispheres). BUR was calculated from brain count in anterior planar image (60-80 sec after injection of 99mTc-ECD) divided by the summation of the count of aortic arch during first transit of radionuclide. BUR correlated well with brain perfusion index (BPI) obtained with Patlak plot method (r = 0.960, p < 0.001). In conclusion, BUR is useful as a simple and non-invasive index reflecting cerebral blood flow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Hepatic resection of liver metastases from gastric carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: Previous reports have indicated that results of the surgical resection of hepatic metastases from gastric carcinoma have been unsatisfactory. We therefore evaluated the results of aggressive surgical resection for hepatic metastases from gastric carcinoma, to identify candidates with a better likelihood of survival. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-one patients with synchronous or metachronous hepatic metastases from gastric carcinoma underwent hepatic resections. Five patients were still alive, without recurrence, at 10, 41, 46, 117, and 176 months after their hepatic resection. Sixteen patients died of recurrence 5-33 months (mean, 10 months) after hepatic resection. A significant difference in the number of node metastases (solitary or multiple) and in the tumor-free margin of the resection (< 10 mm or > 10 mm) was found between survivors and those who died. CONCLUSION: Hepatic resection for hepatic metastases from gastric carcinoma may improve the prognosis in patients with a solitary metastasis if adequate tumor-free margins (> 10 mm) can be obtained.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Quantitative assessment of the spatial distribution of low attenuation areas on X-ray CT using texture analysis in patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema.

An automated and quantitative assessment of the spatial distribution of low attenuation areas (LAA) on X-ray CT was performed using texture analysis in chronic pulmonary emphysema (CPE) patients. LAA was defined as those areas having a density less than the mean minus one SD of the control (-960 HU). The probability of change from non-LAA to LAA between a given pair of pixels with horizontal intervals of i pixels (RNi) was evaluated, because this reflects the interaction between LAA and non-LAA regions with different resolutions. The relationship between the percentage area of the LAA over the total area of the entire lung field (LAA%) was subsequently estimated. The RNi increased sharply as the i value increased from 1 to 5, but then almost became a plateau for i values larger than 5. This suggests that the fundamental structures in the LAA areas ranged from 1 x 1 to 5 x 5 pixels in size. RN1-LAA% and RN5-LAA% plots produced curves which were convex, with peak values at approximately 50 LAA% of 0.09 and 0.18, respectively. In the RN5/RN1-LAA% plot, the RN5/RN1 ratio remained constant at 2.0 regardless of the LAA%. A random process simulation was performed to determine the patterns of LAA proliferation if the spatial distribution of the LAA units was random. When the unit size was kept constant, the results of the simulation did not fit the empirical relationship between the LAA% and the three parameters (RN1, RN5 and RN5/RN1). The simulation provided the best-fitting curves when the unit size of the LAA increased in proportion with the LAA%, starting from a 1 x 1 pixel size increasing at a ratio 1 x 1/(5 LAA%). This suggested that the LAA units do not proliferate randomly in spatial orientation at a fixed unit size, but rather spread throughout the whole lung field in a congregated form whilst increasing their unit size. Thus, it may be concluded that healthy lung tissues near emphysematous lesions have a high probability of suffering from emphysema in the future. This may be due to a direct effect of the neighboring emphysematous lesion or due to a pathologic change in the larger bronchii which dominate both the healthy tissues and the emphysematous lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[A case report of tongue cancer presenting with SSD type brain embolism induced by chemotherapy with CBDCA and 5-FU].

We report a case of tongue cancer presenting with SSD type brain embolism induced by chemotherapy with CBDCA and 5-FU (CF Therapy) A 35-year-old woman underwent CF therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Immediately after CF therapy, aphasia and serious exercise paralysis appeared. However, symptoms disappeared 2 days later and no abnormality was found by brain CT. We report that SSD type brain embolism is one of the noteworthy side effects of CF therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Efficacy of increase of cardiac index during exercise in the chronic phase of various cardiovascular diseases: evaluation by exercise tolerance and brain natriuretic peptide].

Cardiac index is widely used as a parameter of cardiac function for cardiovascular patients, but its value is limited when measured in the resting supine position, because it never demonstrates the maximal cardiac index performance. The incremental increase in cardiac index (delta CI) was evaluated during incremental exercise (delta work rate: delta WR), delta CI/delta WR, in patients with chronic congestive heart failure, and compared to brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), which is known to be increased in patients with chronic left ventricular dysfunction. The subjects were 18 heart failure patients (16 males and 2 females, mean age [+/-SD] 63.8 +/- 8.9 years). Symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test using cycle ergometer was performed. Cardiac index was calculated with the Benchmark Exercise Test device using oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output and respired flow. Blood samples were taken in the resting state before the exercise test. A positive correlation was obtained between delta CI/delta WR and peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) (r = 0.71, p < 0.01), and delta CI/delta WR and peak oxygen pulse (r = 0.66, p < 0.01). A negative correlation was obtained between delta CI/delta WR and BNP (r = 0.45) in the resting state. Peak VO2 (20.9 +/- 7.5 vs 13.9 +/- 2.7 ml/min/kg, p < 0.05), peak cardiac index (7.2 +/- 1.7 vs 5.5 +/- 0.9 l/min/m2, p < 0.05), and delta CI/delta WR (20.1 +/- 8.1 vs 12.4 +/- 2.5 ml/m2/W, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the group with normal BNP (mean [+/-SD] 11.0 +/- 3.2 pg/ml) than in the group with high BNP (40.7 +/- 22.7 pg/ml). Delta CI/delta WR reflects the grade of exercise tolerance and may be useful for evaluating exercise capacity in patients with congestive heart failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Factors affecting exercise capacity after coronary bypass grafting].

In order to determine the contribution of cardiac reserve and the peripheral muscle to exercise capacity in patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG), 19 patients (18 males, 1 female, mean age 63.3 +/- 7.1 years, mean numbers of grafting 2.5 +/- 0.8) performed exercise tests at 1 week, 3 weeks, and 3 months after CABG. Ventilatory gas was analyzed throughout the testing and anaerobic threshold (AT) and peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) was determined. During exercise testing, the cardiac index (CI) was measured, and the change in CI during exercise, delta CI = (CI at peak exercise) (CI at rest), was calculated. O2 delivery was derived from the product of CO and the oxygen content of arterial blood at peak exercise. The sectional area of the thigh muscles at the level of 10 cm above the patella was measured using a computed tomography before each test. Average peak VO2 at 1 week after CABG was 867 +/- 171 ml/min and it increased to 1,214 +/- 246 ml/min at 6 months. Average AT did not change from 1 week to 3 weeks, however, it increased significantly from 665 +/- 122 ml/min at 3 weeks to 873 +/- 181 ml/min at 6 months. The muscle area of the thigh increased significantly from 170 +/- 24 cm2 at 3 weeks after CABG to 186 +/- 27 cm2 at 3 months. delta CI showed a tendency to increase from 6.6 +/- 1.2 l/min/m2 at 1 week after CABG to 7.3 +/- 1.3 l/min/m2 at 3 weeks, and also showed a tendency to increase from 3 weeks to 6 months. Peak VO2 and AT correlated to delta CI at 1 weeks and also it correlated significantly to both the muscle area of the thigh and delta CI at 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after CABG. The delta value of peak VO2 from 1 week to 3 weeks showed a significant correlation to those of delta CI and O2 delivery. Moreover, the delta values of peak VO2 and AT from 3 weeks to 3 months showed a correlation to those of delta CI and O2 delivery. These results suggest that both cardiac reserve and peripheral factors contribute to the exercise capacity up to 3 months after CABG, and, in particular, O2 delivery are important to increase exercise capacity.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1997

[Motor function outcome and changes in motor impairment level of the upper limbs and fingers in patients with acute carotid-system cerebral infarction].

Early diagnosis of motor function status and changes in motor impairment level of the upper limbs and fingers in patients with acute cerebral infarction is important in establishing a treatment plan. This study investigated a method of predicting motor function outcome and changes in motor impairment based on the characteristics of symptoms on admission and severity according to the CT classification. The subjects were 309 patients with carotid-system cerebral infarction admitted on the day of onset of symptoms and who exhibited a low density area in the territory of the middle cerebral artery on CT images within 5 day of the onset of symptoms. The motor function level was evaluated according to Brunnstrom's stage. The findings were as follows: 1) The motor function level of the upper limbs and fingers improved to stage 3 or more in patients without unilateral neglect. 2) Complete recovery of motor impairment of the upper limbs and fingers was observed in 163 patients (54.7%). Motor impairment of the upper limbs recovered within 3 weeks after the onset in 121 patients, and from 22 days to 3 months after the onset in the remaining 42 patients. Similarly, motor impairment of the fingers recovered within 3 weeks after the onset in 113 patients, and between 22 days and 3 months after the onset in the remaining 50 patients. 3) Stage 4 or higher motor impairment grade on admission was seen in 107 (88.4%) of the patients with recovery of impaired motor function in the upper limbs within 3 weeks after the onset. Similarly, stage 4 or higher was seen in 101 (89.4%) patients with recovery of impaired motor function of the fingers within 3 weeks after the onset. 4) Of the 44 patients with recovery of impaired motor function of the upper limbs between 22 days and 3 months after the onset, 30 improved to stage 4 by 2 weeks after the onset and to stage 6 by one month. The remaining 12 patients improved to stage 5 by one month after the onset and to stage 6 by 3 months. Of the 50 patients with recovery of impaired motor function of the fingers between 22 days and 3 months after the onset, 44 improved to stage 4 by 2 weeks after the onset and to stage 6 by one month. The remaining 6 patients improved to stage 5 by one month after the onset and to stage 6 by 3 months. 5) Progressive stroke was observed in 60 patients (20.1%). All patients with progressive stroke showed unilateral neglect on admission. 6) Completed stroke, excludise of progressive stroke, was seen in 75 patients (24.3%). In the patients with completed stroke, there was clearly no improvement in the motor impairment of the limbs and fingers over 3 months after onset. 7) It was difficult to predict motor function level at the time of discharge based on the evaluation of stage on admission and the location of the low density area on CT. 8) Our CT classification was closely correlated with the motor function outcome of the upper limbs and fingers. Therefore, this classification and assessment of whether unilateral neglect is present on admission may be useful in predicting motor function outcome and changes in motor impairment of the upper limbs and fingers early after the onset of acute cerebral infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Immunohistochemical localization of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in liver tissues of bovine fetuses, newborn calves, and sick or healthy adult cattle.

OBJECTIVE: To detect localization of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-AG) antigens in the liver tissue of cattle by use of immunoperoxidase technique. SAMPLE POPULATION: Liver specimens from 6 bovine fetuses, 2 healthy bovine neonates, 2 healthy adult cattle, 3 cattle with experimentally induced hepatic abscesses, and 2 cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL). PROCEDURE: 3 cattle (with hepatic abscesses) were inoculated with a suspension of Fusobacterium necrophorum in the ruminal vein. Serum alpha 1-AG concentration was determined by use of the single radial immunodiffusion method. Livers from fetuses, newborn calves, and adult or sick cattle were fixed in buffered 10% formalin, dehydrated in alcohol, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained by use of the avidinbiotin complex/immunoperoxidase technique. RESULTS: Sites of localization of the alpha 1-AG antigen positive reaction (AGPR) in the liver obtained from bovine fetuses, neonates, or sick cattle were different. In fetal and newborn calves, the AGPR was detected in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Intensity of the reaction varied in direct proportion to alpha 1-AG serum concentration. In adult cattle, the AGPR was particularly intense in hepatocytes adjacent to abscesses or EBL-induced tumors. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of distribution of cells with AGPR in the liver varied, depending on severity of inflammation. In the cattle with EBL, whether the AGPR was attributable to inflammation could not be clarified, although suppression of immunologic response to tumors may have been a cause of the observed reaction. This association suggests that the glycoprotein may be synthesized, mainly in hepatocytes.

Animals↗