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Biomedical subjects

H Ito

Publications and source records attributed to H Ito.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Development and assessment of enzyme immunoassay for platelet-derived microparticles.

Platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) are released from platelets through the platelet activation by high shear stress, collagen, or calcium ionophore (A23187). PMPs are observed in patients with acute myocardial infarction, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, hemolytic uremic syndrome, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and other thrombotic disorders, but the importance of circulating PMPs in the pathogenesis of these diseases is still debated. Numbers of PMPs are usually determined by flowcytometry (FCM), but easier and reproducible PMP assay systems are needed. To develop a better ELISA for PMPs, we used antibodies against the platelet antigens anti-GPIb (NNKY5-5), anti-GPIIb/IIIa (NNKY2-11, anti-CD41), anti-GPIX (KMP-9), and anti-CD9 (NNKY1-19). PMPs were detected with all combinations of these antibodies, but the ELISA having the highest and most specific absorbance was obtained with a combination of KMP-9 (capture antibody) and NNKY5-5 (detecting antibody). PMPs in blood samples were measured by ELISA and FCM. ELISA correlated with PMPs quantitated by FCM. By shaking ELISA plates during incubation, nonspecific binding of platelets was eliminated. The level of PMPs was not increased in diabetes mellitus, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, antiphospholipid syndrome, or sepsis. The concentration of PMP was elevated in hemolytic uremic syndrome. Activated PMPs were absorbed to 0.8 microm filter, but circulating PMPs were not absorbed. These results suggest that activated PMPs are likely to adhere to leukocytes or endothelial cells at the activation site and that the circulating form of PMPs are likely to be a residue of activated PMPs. To detect only the activated form of PMPs, a new ELISA needs to be developed, and it will likely use a combination of antibodies that detect platelet activation markers such as P-selectin (CD62P) or activated GPIIb/IIIa.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2001

The impact of a 4 cm. cutoff point for stratification of T1N0M0 renal cell carcinoma after radical nephrectomy.

PURPOSE: The 1997 TNM classification defines T1 tumors as those smaller than 7 cm. Recently, a cutoff point of 4 cm. has been proposed to create a subclass of T1 tumors. We evaluated the validity of this cutoff point by assessing the pathological findings and prognoses of patients with T1N0M0 renal cell carcinoma following radical nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the hospital charts of 333 patients with T1N0M0 tumors, followed as long as 282 months (median 63) after radical nephrectomy. The validity of tumor size cutoff point for predicting survival outcome was tested in relation to other prognostic factors, including patient age, tumor position, nuclear grade, tumor histopathology and degree of microscopic venous invasion. RESULTS: During followup 32 patients (9.6%) had tumor recurrence and 21 (6.3%) died of renal cell carcinoma. A 5 cm. cutoff point maximized the differences in cancer specific survival rates and a 4 cm. cutoff point maximized the differences in disease-free survival rates. Tumor size was directly related to microscopic venous invasion and nuclear grade, which are significant prognostic factors, and a 4 cm. cutoff point enhanced these relationships. CONCLUSIONS: Tumor size is an important prognostic factor for patients with T1N0M0 renal cell carcinoma. A cutoff point of 4 cm. is practical for dividing the T1N0M0 classification into T1a and T1b subclasses.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Neurometer measurement of current stimulus threshold in rats.

We examined the current stimulus threshold in rats with the Neurometer, a device used clinically for measuring perception and pain thresholds. Although many studies have indicated the usefulness of this device in the quantification of nerve dysfunction in patients, we have found no published reports on the use of the Neurometer in animals. Transcutaneous nerve stimuli of the three sine-wave pulses produced by the Neurometer (at 2000, 250, and 5 Hz) were applied to plantar surface of rats. The intensity of each stimulation at which rats vocalized or were hardly startled was defined as the current stimulus threshold. With repeated stimulation, the thresholds were almost constant. Repeated topical application to the area around the stimulating electrode of a high concentration of capsaicin, which acts on small-diameter fibers, increased the thresholds at 250 and 5 Hz, but did not affect the 2000-Hz threshold. Intravenous morphine (2-5 mg/kg) increased all three thresholds, whereas intrathecal morphine (20 or 80 microg) increased only the 5-Hz threshold. Intravenous injection of a minor tranquilizer, diazepam, at 1 mg/kg raised the thresholds at 2000 and 250 Hz, but did not affect the 5-Hz threshold. Higher dose of diazepam increased all three thresholds. These results suggest that the Neurometer makes possible selective examination of subsets of nerve fibers that differ in diameter not only in humans but also in animals. The present study in rats, in which we established a method of measurement, may provide helpful suggestions for the interpretation of data in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[A case of radiologically negative small-cell lung carcinoma successfully detected early by whole-body FDG-PET].

A 68-year-old man was referred to our hospital after being treated for early gastric cancer to investigate the causative malignancy, as his serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level was increased. Chest radiography showed no abnormal opacities. Subsequently, a whole-body FDG-PET was performed, which detected some tiny lesions in the mediastinum and the right lower lung field. A diagnosis of small-cell lung carcinoma was made after mediastinoscopic and bronchoscopic examinations. After chemoradiotherapy, the previously abnormal uptake of FDG was attenuated and the bronchoscopic appearance was improved, while the serum CEA and NSE levels returned to normal. Our findings demonstrated that whole-body scanning by FDG-PET could be useful for early detection of lung cancer, especially in cases of small-cell lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Abduction-and-horizontal-adduction technique for reduction of acute anterior shoulder dislocations: a simple technique evaluated with radiographs.

Forty-five acute anterior shoulder dislocations were reduced by an abduction-and-horizontal-adduction technique performed in the supine position. Forty-one (91%) of the 45 dislocations were reduced successfully on the first attempt using this technique, without anesthesia or assistance. There were no complications attributed to the technique. To clarify the reduction maneuver using this technique, the procedure was evaluated with radiographs. With horizontal adduction and gentle traction applied at 90 degrees of abduction, the scapula maximally shifted anteriorly with superior rotation, allowing the dislocated humeral head to be reduced. The long head of the biceps tendon seems to have an important role in this reduction technique, along with the musculotendinous units of the rotator cuff.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[A case of renal cell carcinoma diagnosed by MAG3 scintigraphy because of moderate renal dysfunction].

An 84-year-old man presented at our hospital with complaints of severe gross hematuria and lower right abdominal pain. A right renal mass was detected by ultrasound sonography and plain computerized tomography (CT) scan, but an exact diagnosis was not obtained. Because the patient presented with moderate renal dysfunction and severe gross hematuria, we were unable to perform imaging studies using contrast material or ureteroscopic instruments. Finally, mercaptoacetylglycyl-glycylglycine (MAG3) scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated renal cell carcinoma, and we performed transarterial embolization (TAE) therapy using ethanol and gel foam. Based on their efficacy and noninvasiveness, we conclude that MAG3 scintigraphy and MRI are the optimal modalities for imaging in patients with renal dysfunction.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor of the testis: a case report].

We report here a case of sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor of the testis. A 21-year-old male, who complained of right testicular pain, visited a Jikei University affiliated hospital on May 30th, 1999. A small nodule with a diameter of 6 to 7 mm was palpable on the central surface of the right testis. No tumor markers for testicular cancer, such as hCG-beta and alfa-fetoprotein, were elevated. However, ultrasound revealed a hypoechoic mass with increased blood flow. Therefore, we performed right high orchiectomy under the diagnosis of right testicular cancer. Pathological diagnosis of this tumor was sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor. Neither recurrence nor metastasis has been found for 12 months postoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Mediastinal lymph node carcinoma without apparent primary lesion: report of case].

A 62-year-old man with dyspnea had an enlarged lymph node, 6.5 cm in size in the left hilum, but no primary carcinoma could be found. The patient underwent lymph node dissection under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, and the histological diagnosis was undifferentiated carcinoma. No primary lesion has been identified even in postoperative survey. The postoperative course was uneventful with no evidence of recurrence eight months after the operation.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[A case of esophageal carcinoma with multiple liver metastases successfully treated with nedaplatin (NDP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combined with radiotherapy].

A 78-year-old male patient had esophageal carcinoma with multiple liver metastases. Chemoradiotherapy was performed. The chemotherapy consisted of protracted infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), combined with infusion of nedaplatin (NDP). Radiation of the mediastinum was administered concomitantly with chemotherapy. The patient showed a complete response (CR) of the primary lesion and a partial response (PR) of the liver metastasis for 11 months. Since liver metastasis recurred after initial treatment, chemotherapy consisting of NDP infusion combined with vindesine sulfate (VDS) infusion was performed. The patient again showed PR. Grade 3 leukocytopenia occurred during treatment, but there were no major toxicities such as thrombocytopenia, nausea, renal dysfunction or esophagitis. Survival time was one year and 7 months. In conclusion, concurrent chemoradiotherapy including NDP is effective and safe for patients with esophageal carcinoma accompanied by multiple liver metastasis. This nonsurgical approach may be an option for standard care in such cases.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

No reflow phenomenon in coronary heart disease.

Prolonged myocardial ischemia often damages myocardium profoundly, and flow to the previously ischemic myocardium is significantly reduced, which is called the "no reflow" or "low reflow" phenomenon. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) shows that a not insignificant number of patients with acute myocardial infarction have a substantial no reflow phenomenon. Our studies have demonstrated that patients with MCE-no reflow have larger myocardial infarctions, poorer functional outcomes, more frequent complications, and left ventricular remodeling and higher mortality compared with those with MCE-reflow. MCE-no reflow is also the main cause of slow flow after coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction. We can now improve microvascular function with adjunctive pharmacological intervention. Intracoronary verapamil and intravenous infusion of nicorandil in conjunction with reperfusion therapy augment myocardial perfusion and are associated with better functional and clinical outcomes compared with coronary reperfusion alone. Study of myocardial perfusion with MCE provides useful information for predicting the success of reperfusion therapy at the microcirculation level and the impact of pharmacological intervention on acute myocardial infarction.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed2001

[Questionnaire research of the participants in a large scale walking event Fukuoka City analysis of walking habits and related factors].

PURPOSE: We examined the walking habits of the participants in the 'AIREF Spring Walk' which was held on March 9, 1997 in the western suburb of Fukuoka City. The aim of this walking event was to motivate the citizens, especially sedentary people, to walk by providing them an opportunity to enjoy walking. METHODS: The participants walked one of three distances (5 km, 10 km or 20 km) and answered anonymously a questionnaire immediately after finishing (100% response rare). The questionnaire items covered sex, age, district of residence, the distance of the walking course, the source of information on the event, experience of participating in other walking events in the past, and walking habits. RESULTS: The participants of this event (n = 1,039, mean age 49.4 +/- 18.9 [SD] years) were characterized by high rates for females (67%), those aged < 50 years (42%), residents of Fukuoka City (89%), those who chose to walk the shorter courses of 5 or 10 km (74%), and those who took part in a walking event for the first time (61%). Information on the event was obtained through other people (32%) such as friends, acquaintances, members of community walking groups or other family members, leaflets (21%) placed in the Fukuoka Health Promotion Center and seven Fukuoka City public health centers; a newspaper published biweekly by the municipal government (13%); and direct mail (11%). For those attending the 5 km course, more participants learned about the event through other family members compared with the other two courses. Participants who answered that they walked regularly constituted 56% of those aged 20 years or older. The rates for regular walkers significantly increased with the older participants (p < 0.01) and those who chose longer courses (p < 0.001). Compared with the regular walkers, those without a walking habit tended to have acquired information on the event from friends, acquaintances or other family members, or at their work sites (35%). The average amount of time spent was 249 +/- 175 min/week (n = 375). As a whole, only 30% of the participants aged 20 years or older walked longer than the amount of time for aerobic exercise recommended by the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry (HLWM). The rate for those who reached the HLWM recommendations was increased in older subject (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the aim of the walking event was partly accomplished, which was reflected by the relatively high rates of participation sedentary for people, compared with other large walking events. The sedentary participants tended to choose the relatively short distances and obtain the information about the event through other people. Walking promotion programs should be developed to motivate sedentary citizens to walk. The programs should also support regular walkers, many of whom are 50 years old or older, to maintain walking habits with the HLWM recommendations on aerobic exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Basic techniques in vascular surgery].

The procedure for vascular resection and reconstruction includes exposure of the diseased vessel, temporary interruption of blood flow, resection of the diseased segment, vascular repair or anastomosis and restoration of blood flow. Adequate exposure, including the healthy portions on both the afferent and efferent sides of the diseased segment, facilitates subsequent steps in the procedure. Since the temporary interruption of blood flow could lead to ischemic and reperfusion injuries, it is necessary to take measures to protect organs that receive blood flow from diseased vessels. The basic principles in vascular suturing are single sutures through all layers and intima-to-intima approximation. Continuous simple sutures are often used for vascular repair and anastomoses. In the case of anastomoses between small arteries, however, interrupted simple sutures are preferred to prevent stenosis. Twisting, stenosis, and overstretch at the point of anastomosis are errors that result in failure of vascular reconstruction. The methods for overcoming size differences between anastomosed vessels should be understood. Topical heparinization is easy and a useful method to prevent the production of thrombus. Systemic administration of anticoagulants is not always needed.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2001

[Prospects for molecular research in urological oncology: bladder cancer].

This report consists of a description of our research findings relating to the mechanism of cancer metastasis and target molecules for early diagnosis or cancer therapy. First, we investigated the significance of metastasis-related genes expressed to various extents in three human bladder cancer cell lines using two in vivo models. The relationship between the gene expression pattern and the behavior of cancer cells implicated a loss of E-cadherin expression as a critical factor in facilitating the progression of bladder cancer. Second, we examined the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA in voided urine samples in patients with bladder cancer. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed a higher positive rate as compared with cytological examination, suggesting that the expression of hTERT in urine samples may be a useful diagnostic marker for bladder cancer. Finally, we searched for a molecule to which antisense can be applied as a treatment modality. The 150 kDa oxygen regulated protein (ORP 150), a kind of heat shock proteins, functions as a molecular chaperone in the endoplasmic reticulum. We demonstrated that the adenoviral-mediated antisense ORP150 cDNA transfer resulted in the suppression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and tumor growth in vivo. In addition, the significant correlation between ORP150 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) expression was observed in bladder cancer, suggesting that ORP150 functions as a molecular chaperon to MMP-2 secretion for tumor invasion. Anti-sense ORP150 may therefore have a potentially stronger antitumor effect because of its multitargeting capability as a molecular chaperone.

Animals↗