Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to H Ishida.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Activities of pongid thigh muscles during bipedal behavior.

Electromyographic recordings were taken from 12 thigh muscles (or major parts of them) in a gorilla, from 6 thigh muscles in a chimpanzee, and from 2 thigh muscles in an orangutan as they engaged in bipedal positional behavior, including stance, reaching overhead, lunging, leaping and walking. In the African apes, symmetric bipedal stances with hindlimb flexure were accompanied by notable EMG potentials generally increased to or remained at moderate and high levels. Our studies on the gluteal (Tuttle et al., '78) and thigh muscles of African apes partly confirm Kummer's ('75) prediction that considerable gluteal and hamstring activity would be required in order for them to stand bipedally with flexed hip and knee joints. The gorilla's thigh muscles exhibited considerable EMG activity during the stance phase and remarkably little activity during the swing phase of bipedal steps. The activity patterns of most thigh and gluteal muscles (Tuttle et al., '78) in the African apes are much more similar to those of bipedal gibbons than to their counterparts in man. The bipedal locomotor cycles of human subjects are accompanied by many more biphasic and triphasic EMG patterns in the thigh muscles than the locomotor cycles of other anthropoid primates are. The evolutionary anthropological significance of these findings should become clearer when they are complemented by EMG studies on human running, arboreal bipedalism and vertical climbing in apes, and central pattern generation in man and apes.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Formation of amino acids from aliphatic nitriles and aliphatic amines by contact glow discharge electrolysis.

Contact glow discharge electrolyses (CGDE) were carried out relative to the prebiotic formation of amino acids by amination of aliphatic nitrile in aqueous ammoniacal solution, and by cyanization of aliphatic amine by sodium cyanide. The CGDE of propionitrile by amination followed by hydrolysis resulted in the formation of glycine, alanine and beta-alanine. The reaction of ethylamine by cyanization, gave glycine, alanine, beta-alanine, aspartic acid, and serine. In these reactions, a relatively high ratio of glycine was observed. This could be explained by the cleavage of the alpha,beta-carbon bond, which was broken easily, due to the strong electron-attracting property of the nitrile group of propionitrile and the resulting alpha-aminopropionitrile.

Amines↗
PubMed1978

Correlation of infrared spectroscopy with platelet morphology in blood compatibility studies of polydimethylsiloxane membranes.

Oxygenator membranes, polydimethylsiloxane elastomer, exposed to flowing heparinized canine blood in a perfusion system have been studied with respect to the platelet activation and the morphology of the membranes. Utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy couple with attenuated total reflection technique (ATR) and laser Raman spectroscopy, no obvious differences in morphology and composition of the membranes have been detected while electron microscopic study shows difference in platelet aggregation.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Prepubertal XY gonadal dysgenesis.

Two children had prepubertal XY gonadal dysgenesis. A 7-year-old girl with clitoral enlargement had a left ovarian tumor that contained a dysgerminoma; the right gonad proved to be a gonadoblastoma. The second child (a 2-year-old girl) showed poor physical development and slight virilization of the genitalia. Her bilateral dysgenetic gonads were removed at exploratory laparotomy. The occurrence of gonadal tumors in XY gonadal dysgenesis is increased. It is probably related to the hypergonadotropinism existing from childhood as well as to genetic predisposition of the cryptorchid testis in the presence of a Y chromosome. Our first patient is one of the youngest who had XY gonadal dysgenesis iwth gonadoblastoma reported. The indication of prophylactic gonadectomy in XY gonadal dysgenesis is emphasized.

Child↗