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Biomedical subjects

H Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to H Ishida.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Pancreatic cancer in father and daughter].

A 77-year-old male patient was admitted because of jaundice and general malaise. Exploratory laparotomy disclosed pancreatic head cancer with invasion to the intrapancreatic bile duct. Three months later, his daughter, aged 51, was admitted for evaluation because of body weight loss and back pain. CT scan disclosed 3 low-density areas in the pancreas with irregular margins and multiple low-density areas in the liver. Pancreatic cancer with liver metastasis was confirmed by autopsy. In familial pancreatic cancer, it is essential that genetic in addition to environmental factors be examined in pancreatic carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Progress and focal points discussed at the Japanese Committee on Pediatric Endoscopy].

Recent advances of pediatric endoscopy were discussed. Progresses of technique and improvements of instrument have made it possible to scope safely resulting in the increase of pediatric endoscopies. Gastric endoscopy has become useful to find the peptic ulcer of the stomach in the newborn babies who showed hematemesis. ERCP has been done successfully in the newborn babies making it possible to differentiate congenital biliary atresia from infantile hepatitis. Colonofiberscopy has become reliable and useful procedure to search the source of rectal bleeding but still had some problems to be resolved. General anesthesia has been widely used at the performance of pediatric endoscopy. In some institutes, local anesthesia has been recommended in the patients over 8 years old. In 1983, 1161 pediatric endoscopies were performed in 24 institutes, which were twofold of those performed in 1978. Number of these cases is not enough for the training of pediatric endoscopist. Urgent theme is to establish the system for the education of "true" pediatric endoscopist.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1984

Circulating levels of vitamin D metabolites in patients with hyperinsulinaemia.

Circulating levels of vitamin D metabolites were studied in hyperinsulinaemic patients with insulinoma or insulin autoimmune syndrome. Plasma ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone, and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) levels were not statistically different from controls, but the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) levels were significantly decreased in these patients, compared to controls (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05, respectively). However, the ratio of 24,25(OH)2D to 25(OH)D and that of 1,25(OH)2D to 25(OH)D in hyperinsulinaemic patients were significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than in controls. These results suggest that there may be alterations of vitamin D metabolism in the endogenous hyperinsulinaemic state.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on pancreatic B and D cell function.

To investigate the effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) on pancreatic B and D cell function in normal rats, 1 microgram of 1,25(OH)2D3 was administered intravenously 20 hours before the experiment. The plasma 1,25(OH)2D3 and calcium concentrations were significantly elevated, and plasma insulin levels also increased in 1,25(OH)2D3-administered rats compared with controls. Glucose-induced insulin and somatostatin release from the isolated pancreas perfused with lower calcium, however, was the same between the 1,25(OH)2D3-administered group and the controls. On the other hand, when the isolated pancreas was perfused with higher calcium, the glucose-induced insulin release was significantly increased in the 1,25(OH)2D3-administered group, while no significant difference in somatostatin release was observed in any group. These results suggest that the sensitivity of pancreatic B cells to glucose perfused with more calcium may increase when 1,25(OH)2D3 has been previously administered. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 does not seem to affect the somatostatin release from the pancreatic D cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Analysis of deposits on high water content contact lenses.

Deposits on soft contact lenses of high water content were investigated morphologically and chemically and compared with those on conventional soft contact lenses of poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). The material of the lenses examined in this investigation was the crosslinked copolymer of methyl methacrylate and N-vinylpyrrolidone with a water content higher than 70%. Morphologically, the deposits on the lenses with high water content were found to have no characteristics distinguishable from those on conventional lenses. By the electron microscopic observation of the cross section of a lens that had become opaque, it was confirmed that the deposit was on the lens surface and that no deposit was within the lens. Some spots on the lenses were recognized as colonies of microorganisms, but the majority of the spots had no involvement by microorganisms. Surface analysis with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) confirmed that the main component of the filmy deposit was protein. Protein was detected in most of the deposits. The amino acid compositions of the proteins were found to be close to that of lysozyme. From the elemental analysis of several spots, silicon, aluminum, iron, and some other elements were detected. The structural analysis of some spots by a laser Raman microprobe (MOLE) revealed the existence of lipids. In several cases, the deposits were found to have grown around a defect of the lens surface. A mechanism for the formation of deposits is suggested.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

Changes in polyamine metabolism during experimental periodontitis in dogs and the role of putrescine in recovery.

There are many reports showing a close relationship between polyamine metabolism and tissue growth or the recovery of damaged tissues, such as that occurring after partial hepatectomy. Therefore, it was proposed that the metabolism of polyamines might change in periodontitis induced by attaching surgical ligatures below the gingival margin of dog molars. One to two days after fixing the ligatures, the putrescine content and activity of ornithine decarboxylase in the tissue rose to about twice the control levels and then decreased gradually to control levels on day 7. No significant change in spermidine or spermine concentration was observed during this period. When the ligatures were removed on day 7, the putrescine content increased to about 2.5 times the normal level within 12 h. Ornithine decarboxylase activity changed in parallel with the change in putrescine content. Clinical and histopathological indications of periodontitis then started to decrease and had almost disappeared 2 weeks after removal of the ligatures. On the other hand, when the ligatures were removed on day 14, no significant increase in putrescine content was observed within 36 h and the rate of recovery from periodontitis was significantly slower than when the ligatures were removed on day 7. However, application of putrescine to the periodontal pocket immediately after removal of the ligatures on day 14 increased the rate of recovery, as determined by histological criteria. These findings suggest that putrescine or its metabolites are important in the process of recovery from periodontitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Independent mechanisms involved in suppression of the Moloney leukemia virus genome during differentiation of murine teratocarcinoma cells.

Expression and DNA methylation of the Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) genome were investigated in murine teratocarcinoma cells after virus infection. The newly acquired viral genome was devoid of methylation, yet its expression was repressed. The integrated viral genome in undifferentiated teratocarcinoma cells was methylated within 15 days after infection. Although 5-azacytidine decreased the level of DNA methylation, it did not activate M-MuLV in undifferentiated cells. Activation by 5-azacytidine occurred only in differentiated teratocarcinoma cells. Thus two independent mechanisms seem to regulate gene expression during the course of differentiation. The first mechanism operates in undifferentiated cells to block expression of M-MuLV and other exogeneously acquired viral genes, such as SV40 and polyoma virus, and does not depend on DNA methylation. The second mechanism relates only to differentiated cells and represses expression of genes in which DNA is methylated.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of prostaglandin E2 and D2 on gastric somatostatin and gastrin secretion.

The effects of PGE2 and PGD2 on gastric somatostatin and gastrin releases were investigated using the isolated perfused rat stomach. In the presence of 5.5 mM glucose, the infusion of PGE2 elicited a significant augmentation in somatostatin release, but suppressed gastrin secretion from the perfusate. On the other hand, PGD2 did not affect somatostatin release, although the gastrin secretion decreased significantly, the same as after PGE2 infusion. These results suggest that PGE2 and PGD2 may be important in the regulation of gastric endocrine function, but that PGD2 does not affect gastric somatostatin secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Peritoneoscopy and pancreas biopsy in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases.

Peritoneoscopy and pancreatic biopsy under direct vision were performed on 124 cases with a variety of pancreatic diseases by means of supragastric pancreoscopy and supragastric bursoscopy. Among 53 cases of pancreatitis, the pancreas was directly observed in 38 (72%). Among 71 cases of pancreatic carcinoma, observation of pancreas head carcinoma was accomplished in 32% and for pancreas body carcinoma, 85%. Peritoneoscopic biopsy of the pancreas had good diagnostic accuracy with negligible complications.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Laparoscopic measurement of pancreatic blood flow.

Laparoscopy is a morphological examination and is employed in the examination of the liver and other visceral organs. Further, as a result of recent remarkable progress in endoscopy it has become possible to examine not only the intraperitoneal organs but also the pancreas, a retroperitoneal organ, by means of laparoscopy. With a view to expanding the application of laparoscopy, we attempted, despite many difficulties, to measure the pancreatic blood flow in man, using the hydrogen gas clearance method. The mean pancreatic blood flow for persons with a normal pancreas was 87.8 +/- 20.6 ml/min/100 g, and the mean value for patients with chronic pancreatitis was 58.0 +/- 33.3 ml/mn/100 g. Laparoscopy has been used merely as a means of morphological examination, but should also be turned to account in the investigation of various intraperitoneal organs for physiological function.

Electrodes↗
PubMed1983

Responses of serum testosterone levels to human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulation in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome after long-term androgen replacement therapy.

Responses of serum testosterone levels to repeated daily injections of 5000 IU hCG for 4 days were studied in 24 patients with Klinefelter's syndrome. Eighteen patients were untreated, and 8 had been given previous treatment with depot testosterone 100 mg intramuscularly every 2-3 weeks for an average duration of 4.7 years. Among them, 4 patients were examined both before and after the therapy. The hCG test was performed at least 2 weeks (0.5-12 months) after the last injection of depot testosterone in the treated patients. Mean basal testosterone level of the treated patients, 139 +/- 98 ng/dl (Mean +/- SD), was not significantly different from that of the untreated patients, 172 +/- 110 ng/dl. Maximum stimulated testosterone level in the treated patients, 170 +/- 107 ng/dl (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that long-term androgen administration may decrease the functional reserve of Leydig cells in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome.

Adolescent↗