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Biomedical subjects

H Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to H Ishida.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of serum CA130 in patients with lung cancer].

CA130 is a glycoprotein which is recognized by monoclonal antibodies-(130-22 and 145-9) produced by immunization with human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (PC-9). CA130 is considered to be a new tumor marker, different from CA125, since it has a separate antigenic determinant. We used the D-7111 kit (Daiichi Radioisotope Laboratories, Ltd.) to measure the serum level of CA130 in 290 patients with lung cancer, 171 patients with noncancerous lung disease (N-CLD) and 93 healthy adults. In addition, CEA, CA19-9, CA125 and sialyl SSEA-1 antigen (SLX) were also measured for the same serum samples when possible. The cutoff level for CA130 was 35 U/ml. The overall positive rates for CA130 were 32% in the lung cancer patients, 23% in the N-CLD patients and 0% in the healthy adults. The positive rate in the lung cancer patients was significantly higher than in the N-CLD patients (p less than 0.05). As a function of the histological type of lung cancer, the positive rates for CA130 were 44% in 120 patients with adenocarcinoma, 17% in 115 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 33% in 36 patients with small cell carcinoma, 42% in 12 patients with large cell carcinoma and 29% in 7 patients with miscellaneous cell type. The positive rate in the patients with adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than in the patients with squamous cell carcinoma (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1989

Primary structure and expression from complementary DNA of skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor.

The sequence of 5,037 amino acids composing the ryanodine receptor from rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum has been deduced by cloning and sequencing the complementary DNA. The predicted structure suggests that the calcium release channel activity resides in the C-terminal region of the receptor molecule, whereas the remaining portion constitutes the 'foot' structure spanning the junctional gap between the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the transverse tubule.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

A facile, regio- and stereo-selective synthesis of ganglioside GM3.

Gangliosides GM3, containing three different fatty acyl groups at the ceramide moiety, have been synthesized. Coupling of 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl O-(6-O-benzoyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1----4)- 2,6-di-O-benzoyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), prepared from 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl beta-lactoside (1) by selective 3'-O-benzylation, O-benzoylation, and subsequent removal of the benzyl group, with methyl (methyl 5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-2-thio-D-glycero-alpha-D- galacto - 2-nonulopyranosid)onate (5) using dimethyl(methylthio)sulfonium triflate as a glycosyl promoter, gave 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl O-(methyl 5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-O- acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-alpha-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosylonate++ +)-(2----3)- O-(6-O- benzoyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1----4)-2,6-di-O-benzoyl-beta-D- glucopyranoside (6), which was converted, via O-acetylation, selective removal of the 2-(trimethylsilyl)-ethyl group, and subsequent imidate formation, into the alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2----3')-lactose trichloroacetimidate 9. Glycosylation of (2S,3R,4E)-2-azido-3-O-benzoyl-4-octadecene-1,3-diol (10) with 9 afforded the beta-glycoside 11, which was converted, via selective reduction of the azide group, coupling with fatty acids, O-deacetylation, and de-esterification, into the title compounds.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of sialyl SSEA-1 antigen in patients with lung cancer].

Stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (SLX) is a glycolipid recognized by a monoclonal antibody (FH 6) which is produced by cells immunized with mice teratocarcinoma cell line. Using an SLX (Otsuka) kit from Ostuka Assay Laboratory, we measured the serum level of SLX in 96 patients with lung cancer, 305 patients with non-cancerous lung disease and 86 healthy adults, prospectively. When we adopted a cutoff level of 42U/ml (mean + 2S.D. in the healthy adults), the overall positive rates were 29.2% in the lung cancer patients, 15.1% in the non-cancerous patients and 0% in the healthy adults. The positive rate of the lung cancer patients was significantly higher than in the patients with non-cancerous lung disease (p less than 0.05). According to the histological type of lung cancer, the positive rates were 40.9% in 44 patients with adenocarcinoma, 18.4% in 37 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 0% in 7 patients with small cell carcinoma, and 0% in 3 patients with large cell carcinoma. Staging of the lung cancer patients revealed positive rates for serum SLX of 5.6% in 18 stage I patients, 22.2% in 9 stage II patients, 33.3% in 21 stage IIIA patients, 33.3% in 27 stage IIIB patients, 42.9% in 21 stage IV patients. After we performed the immunostaining method for SLX using FH6, positive immunoactivity was demonstrated mainly in the cell membrane of adenocarcinoma cells. SLX seems to be a tumor-associated marker in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Increased circulating levels of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein and decreased bone mass in children on anticonvulsant therapy.

In order to investigate the pathophysiology of anticonvulsant-induced osteopenia, circulating levels of bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (Bone Gla Protein: BGP) and urinary excretion of BGP were measured in 16 children on chronic anticonvulsant therapy and in 12 control children. Using microdensitometry analysis, osteopenia was found in 25% of the anticonvulsant therapy group, but it was not observed in the control group. Serum BGP and A1-P levels were significantly increased in the anticonvulsant group compared with the control group (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively), and a positive correlation was found between serum BGP and A1-P levels (P less than 0.05). Urinary excretion of BGP and hydroxyproline showed an increase in the anticonvulsant group, but it was not statistically significant. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the two groups in serum levels of vitamin D metabolites, PTH, calcitonin, Ca, or P or in urinary excretion of Ca or P. It is suggested, therefore, that the increased BGP level in children receiving anticonvulsant therapy is a reflection of high bone turnover due to anticonvulsant drug complications.

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
PubMed1989

Heterogeneity in terms of interleukin 4-dependent regulation of Fc epsilon...receptor/CD23 expression on chronic B-lymphocytic leukemia cells.

To discriminate the stages of maturation arrest of leukemic B cells, we have investigated the cell surface expression of Fc epsilon RII (H107 antigen) on leukemic B cells from 6 patients with chronic type B-lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) by a double staining method combined with cytofluorometry, and their production of soluble Fc epsilon RII by an ELISA technique. Fc epsilon RII was expressed on mu+/delta- cells of case 5 as well as on mu+/delta+ cells of cases 1, 2 and 4, but not on mu+/delta+ cells in cases 3 and 6. The cultivation of leukemic cells with IL-4 not only increased the percentage of Fc epsilon RII+ cells but also enhanced the production of soluble Fc epsilon RII+ in most cases. However, IL-4 had no effects on mu+/delta-/Fc epsilon RII+ cells of case 5, which appeared to correspond to a rather late stage of normal B cell differentiation. Moreover, while leukemic B cells from case 1 spontaneously produced large amounts of soluble Fc epsilon R, the release seemed to be inhibited by an addition of IL-4. From our observations, it is speculated that IgM+/IgD+/Fc epsilon RII- leukemic B cells express surface membrane Fc epsilon RII and produce soluble Fc epsilon RII following stimulation with IL-4, and that IgM+/IgD-/Fc epsilon RII+ B-CLL cells may exist at some late stage of B cell differentiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Lethal toxicity and adjuvant activities of synthetic TDM and its related compounds in mice.

Trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) and its monosaccharide-type analogues were synthesized, and their lethal and adjuvant activities were examined in mice. All the monosaccharide-type analogues with a glucose or N-acetylglucosamine moiety were devoid of lethal toxicity to mice; in particular, D-GlcNAcM(1-deoxy) and D-GlcNM did not cause any loss of body weight at an early stage after intravenous administration as a 9% oil-in-water emulsion. Intraperitoneal administration of D-GlcNAcM(1-deoxy) in aqueous suspension, as well as TDM, could activate macrophages to become tumoricidal against tumour cells, whereas D-GlcNAcM(1-deoxy) in oil emulsion, unlike TDM, caused no granulomatous formation in the lung after intravenous injection. Squalane-treated D-GlcNAcM(1-deoxy) showed significant inhibition of spontaneous lung metastases by B16-BL6 melanoma cells when it was administered twice intratumorally. The non-toxic monosaccharide-type analogue of TDM [D-GlcNAcM(1-deoxy)] was a beneficial adjuvant for the activation of macrophages and the prevention of cancer metastasis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Adjuvant activities of synthetic lipid A subunit analogues and its conjugates with muramyl dipeptide derivatives.

We investigated the effects of the active principle of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), synthetic lipid A (compound 506), and of its related compounds GLA-60, -59 and -27, on murine macrophage activation and cytokine induction. GLA-60, which is devoid of endotoxic activity, showed interleukin-1 (IL-1)-inducing activity and activation of murine macrophages comparable to those of LPS or compound 506. The biological activities of six conjugates of GLA-60 with MDP derivatives GMD-323 to -328 were investigated in this study. All the GMD compounds except GMD-323 showed potent inducing activities for IL-1 and tumoricidal macrophages, especially GMD-324 and -326, which exhibited much higher activity than GLA-60. However, TNF- and CSF-inducing activities of these conjugates were lower than those of GLA-60. IL-1-inducing activity of the mixture of MDP derivative (GMD-267) and GLA-60 was higher than that of the conjugates (GMD-324) or that of GLA-60 and GMD-267 alone.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1989

Gonadotropin-stimulated estradiol production in small ovarian follicles of the hen is suppressed by physiological concentrations of prolactin in vitro.

The in vitro effects of physiological levels of prolactin (PRL) on luteinizing hormone (LH)-stimulated estradiol production by four classes of small follicles (super small (SS) less than 1 mm; small white (SW) 1-2 mm; large white (LW) 3-5 mm; and small yellow (SY) 5-10 mm) were compared in laying and out-of-lay (OL) Gifujidori hens. All classes of follicles responded to increasing doses of LH in a dose-dependent manner and the estradiol content of the media increased two to five-fold when 8 ng/ml of ovine LH was included in the incubation media. Ovine PRL (up to 1 micrograms/ml) had no effect on the LH-stimulated rise in media content of estradiol from SW or LW follicles from either the laying or OL hens, whereas the rise in the estradiol content of the media from SS follicles was blocked or reduced by 500 ng/ml PRL in the laying and OL hens, respectively. This suggests that the SS follicles are a target organ for PRL and that PRL may act, in part, at the level of the ovary to reduce estradiol production at the onset of incubation behavior and thus cause ovarian regression.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of insulin and parathyroid hormone on DNA synthesis and ornithine decarboxylase activity in cultured bovine dental pulp.

The effects of insulin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the proliferation of developing bovine dental pulp in an explant culture system were studied. Dental pulp explants were cultured on siliconized lens paper floating on the serum-free medium for up to 72 h. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity increased and reached a peak after 24 h. DNA synthesis increased continuously after a lag period of 24 h. Insulin (10 milliunits per ml) stimulated ODC activity 1.3-fold and DNA synthesis 1.5-fold. PTH alone (1 unit per ml) stimulated ODC activity in 1.7-fold, but did not affect DNA synthesis. PTH plus insulin caused greater increases in ODC activity and DNA synthesis in dental pulp explants than insulin alone (ODC, 2.6-fold; DNA, 3.7-fold). These results suggest that insulin and PTH are involved in the regulation of growth of dentinogenically active bovine dental pulp.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Variations in hemodynamic and stress hormonal responses in open heart surgery with buprenorphine/diazepam anesthesia.

The use of buprenorphine-diazepam-N2O (60%)-O2 anesthesia in open heart surgery was investigated. The authors examined the hemodynamic changes produced and the response of stress hormones. Twenty adult patients with atrial septal defects undergoing surgical correction were studied in two groups of 10, receiving either 6 micrograms/kg of buprenorphine (B6) or 12 micrograms/kg of buprenorphine (B12) for the induction of anesthesia. Both groups received a subsequent dose of 6 micrograms/kg of buprenorphine with the commencement of extracorporeal circulation (ECC). With surgery, mean arterial pressure showed a transient increase in both groups and thereafter was stable. Heart rate in the B6 group was increased from the onset of surgery to the day after, while the B12 group showed no significant change. Filling pressures showed no change in either group. Plasma catecholamine concentrations in the B6 group, in contrast to the B12 group, increased significantly from midoperation to after completion of the operation (ECC 10 minutes, B6 group v B12 group: plasma norepinephrine 616 +/- 231 v 195 +/- 38 pg/mL, plasma epinephrine 1385 +/- 392 v 572 +/- 132 pg/mL, P less than 0.05). Plasma ADH levels in both groups rose with the commencement of surgery, reaching a peak at ECC 10 minutes (B6 group 88.1 +/- 8.4 v B12 group 124.4 +/- 27.2 pg/mL). However, in contrast to plasma catecholamines, the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels in the B12 group remained higher until the first postoperative day. Therefore, patients who received the larger dose of buprenorphine had better control of hemodynamics and catecholamines, but a greater elevation of plasma ADH levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Environment: peculiar pigment cell neoplasm in fish.

Chromatophoroma in the croaker (Nibea mitsukurii) showed a unique geographic distribution. The contribution of environmental chemicals to the cause of chromatophoroma in the feral croaker is considered likely on the basis of the following results in our studies. 1) Chromatophoroma was induced in tank-reared N. mitsukurii by administration of certain kinds of known carcinogens such as 7,12-dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, and nifurpirinol. 2) Local accumulation of pigment-cell hyperplasia in the catfish (Protosus anguillaris) showed similar tendencies to those of chromatophoroma in N. mitsukurii. 3) Removal of contaminated sediment from the harbor and the river appeared to reduce the incidence from 47% in 1973-1983 to about 20% in 1985-1987. 4) Waste water from a factory located at the station where the incidence of the neoplasm was the highest contained mutagenic substances such as chloroacetones and glyoxals [5]. Exposure of catfish to the waste water induced pigment-cell hyperplasia on the skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Role of angiotensin converting enzyme and other peptidases in in vivo metabolism of kinins.

Arterial plasma kinins and mean arterial pressure were measured in intact and bilaterally nephrectomized rats infused with vehicle or bradykinin to study the role of 1) angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and other peptidases and 2) the kidney (a kininase-rich organ) in the metabolism of kinins in vivo. Before the infusion, rats were pretreated with vehicle, enalaprilat (an ACE inhibitor), or a cocktail of kininase inhibitors containing 1) enalaprilat, 2) DL-2-mercaptomethyl-3-guanidinoethyl-thiopropanoic acid (MGTA), a carboxypeptidase N inhibitor, 3) phosphoramidon, a neutral endopeptidase 24.11 inhibitor, and 4) bestatin, an aminopeptidase B inhibitor. In the rats with vehicle (n = 8), the cocktail did not significantly increase endogenous kinins (from 31 +/- 6 to 41 +/- 9 pg/ml, p = 0.94). In the rats infused with bradykinin (peptidase substrate), plasma kinins increased threefold in the group pretreated with the vehicle, 21-fold in the enalaprilat group, and 22-fold in the cocktail group. These increases were doubled by nephrectomy but were not affected by ureteral ligation. In the groups pretreated with the cocktail or enalaprilat, the hypotensive effect of bradykinin was correlated with plasma kinin concentration (r = 0.75, p less than 0.001). After bradykinin infusion was stopped, plasma kinins decreased by half in 10-12 seconds in the rats pretreated with vehicle, enalaprilat, or cocktail. We concluded that ACE and the kidney are important to the metabolism of circulating kinins while carboxypeptidase N, neutral endopeptidase 24.11 and aminopeptidase B are not. We also concluded that other tissue peptidases, not affected by either the above inhibitors or nephrectomy, play an important role in kinin metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Scanning electron microscopic characterization of sensitive vs. insensitive human radicular dentin.

Our aim was to investigate the structural changes of dentinal tubules in specimens obtained from both hypersensitive and naturally desensitized areas in wedge-shaped defects on the same exposed cervical dentin surface of a hypersensitive tooth. A new biopsy technique that makes use of a hollow, cylindrical diamond bur was designed so that specimens from exposed root dentin of vital teeth could be obtained. Twenty-two dentin biopsy pairs were divided into two groups; one was prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the other for microradiography (MR). Small hypersensitive areas were identified by a scratch test on exposed human dentin in vivo. SEM observation of the dentin biopsies showed that the orifices of many dentinal tubules in hypersensitive areas were open and that membranous structures appeared on the walls of dentinal tubules. In naturally desensitized areas on the same dentin surface, most of the dentinal tubules were obturated with rhombohedral crystals of all sizes; membranous structures were not observed in these tubules. These results showed that hypersensitivity occurred on the exposed dentin when most of the tubular orifices were open.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Studies on the antihemostatic substances in herbs classified as hemostatics in traditional Chinese medicine. I. On the antihemostatic principles in Sophora japonica L.

By following the antihemostatic activity of the material according to Tajima's method, the antihemostatic principle was isolated from dried buds of Sophora japonica L., and identified as isorhamnetin [2-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one]. The antihemostatic specificity of isorhamnetin toward antihemorrhagic compounds isolated previously from hemostatic herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine was examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A possible mechanism of fever induced by Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) in experimental animals.

The characteristics of fever elicited by the cell wall skeleton of Nocardia rubra (N-CWS) and by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were compared in rabbits, and the possible involvement of the antigenicity of N-CWS was investigated in guinea pigs. In rabbits, fever of more than 0.5 degree C developed after an intravenous (i.v.) injection of 10 micrograms/kg or more of N-CWS, and was monophasic with 30-100 micrograms/kg but biphasic with the highest dose of 300 micrograms/kg. LPS elicited fever with similar characteristics at doses of 0.01-0.1 microgram/kg. With both compounds, the fever was inhibited by indomethacin. Tolerance to N-CWS and LPS appeared after dosing with 30 or 0.1 micrograms/kg, respectively for 10 d. In guinea pigs sensitized with N-CWS, challenge with 1 or 10 micrograms/kg of N-CWS 10 d later, which did not induce fever in the nonsensitized animals, caused fever of more than 0.5 degree C, and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) appeared. N-CWS also elicited fever in nonsensitized guinea pigs bearing N-CWS-sensitized lymphocytes or anti-N-CWS antibody; the fever was higher in the guinea pigs sensitized with the lymphocytes than in those with the anti-N-CWS antibody. In brief, single injections of N-CWS and of LPS elicited fever with similar characteristics, although the potency of N-CWS was weaker. With N-CWS, the fever is proposed to be triggered by the antigenicity of the compound itself, because doses as low as 1 or 10 micrograms/kg elicited fever along with immunological response in N-CWS-sensitized animals, but not in nonsensitized ones.

Animals↗