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Biomedical subjects

H Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to H Ishida.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Possible compensatory role of parathyroid hormone-related peptide on maintenance of calcium homeostasis in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Recent studies have revealed that altered mineral and vitamin D metabolism is observed in diabetic patients with the complication of osteopenia. In order to elucidate the role of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) on calcium homeostasis in diabetes, we have measured the serum level and urinary excretion of PTHrP as well as other serum calcium-regulating hormones in 106 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 43 control subjects. The serum concentration of intact PTH was 2.34 +/- 0.13 (mean +/- SEM) pmol/l in NIDDM patients, which is significantly lower than the value of 3.11 +/- 0.14 pmol/l in the controls (p < 0.01). Both serum calcium and calcitonin, however, were not statistically different from controls. On the other hand, circulating PTHrP in NIDDM was 40.1 +/- 1.4 pmol/l, which is significantly elevated when compared to 27.3 +/- 1.3 pmol/l in the controls (p < 0.01). Moreover, urinary excretion of PTHrP also was significantly higher in NIDDM (p < 0.01). In the present study, the circulating calcium level was well preserved in NIDDM patients, although the PTH levels were shown to be decreased. The elevated serum PTHrP might, therefore, have a physiologically compensatory role on the calcium regulatory systems in NIDDM. Furthermore, this elevation is most likely due to the excess production of this peptide and not to the decrease in urinary excretion.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1993

Glucose sensitivity of ATP-sensitive K+ channels is impaired in beta-cells of the GK rat. A new genetic model of NIDDM.

In the Goto-Kakizaki rat, a new genetic model of NIDDM, insulin response to glucose is selectively impaired. To elucidate the mechanism of this abnormality, we studied the properties of ATP-sensitive K+ channels, the inhibition of which is a key step of insulin secretion induced by fuel substrates, using the patch-clamp technique. The glucose-sensitivity of KATP channels was considerably reduced in GK rats. However, the inhibitory effects of ATP on channel activity and unitary conductance were not significantly different between control and GK rats. Thus, it appears that the impaired insulinotropic action of glucose in beta-cells of GK rats is attributable to insufficient closure of the KATP channels, probably because of deficient ATP production by impaired glucose metabolism. KATP-channel activities in both control and diabetic beta-cells were found to be equally suppressed by glyceraldehyde and 2-ketoisocaproate. These results strongly suggest that the step responsible for the metabolic dysfunction of diabetic beta-cells is located within the glycolytic pathway before glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate or in the glycerol phosphate shuttle.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1993

[Endolotherapy of massive bleeding from the small intestinal angiodysplasia in 80-year-old patient].

Angiodysplasia is one cause of chronic gastrointestinal tract bleeding that can not be difficult to detect. In particular, angiodysplasia in the small intestine is very rare and has seldom been reported. An 80-year-old man complained of hematochezia and was admitted to other hospital on October 1991. However, no bleeding sites in the gastrointestinal tract could be revealed by radiographic and endoscopic examinations. After 8 months, he was admitted to our hospital with the same symptom on June 1992. He suffered hemorrhagic shock due to continuous bleeding. Hypotension and anemia progressed in spite of immediate blood transfusion. Emergency angiography revealed extravasation from a peripheral branch of the jejunal artery, in addition tortuous and dilated ileal arteries. Embolization was performed with the catheter inserted superselectively into the nearest arcade of the segmental branch of the vasa recta. After embolization, no complications were occurred. He was discharged and is being followed up as an outpatient.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Diurnal variation of plasma minerals and trace elements in a group of Japanese male adults.

When the nutritional status of minerals and essential trace elements is assessed by their levels in plasma, intra-individual variation in the measured values, particularly diurnal variation, must be considered. In this paper, concentrations of nine elements (Na, Mg, P, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Se) in plasma collected 7 times in a 24-h period from 10 healthy Japanese adults were measured with hemoglobin and plasma concentrations of proteins (total protein, albumin, retinol binding protein (RBP), ceruloplasmin, and transferrin), total cholesterol, and cortisol. Then the pattern of diurnal variation in, and the interrelationships among, these parameters were clarified in subjects who consumed an ordinary meal. Significant diurnal variation examined by two-way analysis of variance (variations due to subject and sampling time) was found for Zn, RBP, and cortisol. Plasma Zn level was higher in the forenoon samples than in those taken in the afternoon. The pattern of diurnal variation found for cortisol was similar to, but slightly different from, that for Zn. The correlation coefficient between Zn and cortisol was significant (r = 0.555) using the standardized values for individuals, and in the result of multiple regression analysis, cortisol level was selected as the significant explanatory factor for Zn variation; however, the sampling time was the most significant factor. For other elements besides Zn, no significant diurnal variation was found. Moreover, no meaningful factors were selected for variations of those elements in the result of multiple regression analysis. These results indicate that, in assessing Zn nutriture with its plasma levels, it is necessary to unify the sampling time.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Immunohistochemical study of monoclonal antibody against gamma-seminoprotein in the prostatic tissues. A significant correlation between the degree of staining and the histological grade of adenocarcinoma of the prostate].

The tissues consisted of adenocarcinoma of the prostate were examined by immunohistochemical study with monoclonal antibody (43-21-1-1) against gamma-seminoprotein (gamma Sm)2). The degree of staining regarding any correlation with the histological grade was evaluated. The prostatic tissues were obtained by transurethral resection or by fine needle biopsy from untreated 38 patients. The avidin-biotin peroxidase complex technique was used to stain on 3 microns-sections of 10% formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. In addition, immunohistochemical staining with the commercialized antibodies to prostate-specific antigen (PSA; polyclonal, DAKO) and to prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP; polyclonal, DAKO) was done simultaneously for a comparative study. The degree of immunoperoxidase stain was classified into two categories, namely location and pattern, and was graded from 0 to 3, respectively. The product of the degree of location and the degree of pattern was noted as the total score. The mean of score was calculated in each histological grade. Then the means of total scores were compared and evaluated as having any statistical difference by Student's t test among 3 histological grades as well as among 3 primary antibodies used in this study. When the monoclonal antibody to gamma-Sm was used for immunoperoxidase staining, the means of total scores and the rates of negative reactions (% Negative) in 3 histological grades were 6.8 +/- 1.8 (M +/- SD) and 0% in well (N = 9), 4.4 +/- 2.4 and 14% in moderately (N = 22), and 1.8 +/- 2.3 and 54% in poorly differentiated lesions (N = 11), respectively. There were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) among 3 histological grades.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Changes in renal blood flow after treatment with ESWL in patients with renal stones. Studies using ultrasound color Doppler method].

Recently several authors have observed tissue damages in ESWL treated kidneys, such as interstitial hemorrhage and edema, cavitation of renal tubular cells and vascular spasms. Examination using renal scintigraphy suggested that these damages could cause a decrease of renal blood flow in the treated kidney. Trying to confirm and further investigate this possibility, we studied on changes of renal blood flow velocity using ultrasound color doppler method in 23 consecutive patients with renal stones who underwent ESWL. The studies were conducted before, immediately after and 1 week after an ESWL treatment. Results were as follows; renal blood flow velocity decreased significantly in the area exposed to shock were immediately after the treatment and returned to the pretreatment levels after 1 week. The changes were not significant in the non-exposed area. In parallel with this decrease of renal blood flow velocity, significant increases of resistive index, pulsatility index and significant decreases of ratio were observed. These parameters calculated by measuring of renal blood flow velocity are known to well correlate with parenchymal vascular resistance. We speculate that these changes in renal parenchymal blood flow velocity are triggered by the tissue damages caused by the exposure to shock wave. The recovery of renal blood flow velocity may depend on the recovery of the tissue damages. Ultrasound color doppler method may make it possible to monitor the recovery of tissue damages induced by shock wave and may provide us with an useful information to determine when to repeat ESWL if needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Correlation between DNA content and amplification of oncogenes (c-myc, L-myc, c-erbB-2) and correlation with prognosis in 143 cases of resected lung cancer].

DNA content analysis using flow cytometry and amplification of c-myc, L-myc, and c-erbB-2 oncogenes in 143 cases of resected lung cancer were analyzed using the same specimen, and we examined the correlation with prognosis of DNA content and amplification of oncogenes. There were 54 DNA diploid cases (38%), 81 DNA aneuploid cases (57%) and 8 DNA multiploid cases. Analysis of oncogene amplification revealed 22 cases of c-myc, 4 cases of L-myc, and 22 cases of c-erbB-2. In curatively resected cases, the 5-year survival rate was 65% in 31 DNA diploid cases, and 36% in 40 DNA aneuploid cases. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.02). However, in non-curatively resected cases, the 5-year survival rate was 11% in 23 DNA diploid cases, and 33% in 49 DNA aneuploid cases. There were no statistically significant differences among these groups. The correlation between DNA content and amplification of oncogenes was as follows. In DNA diploid cases, there were 4 cases of c-myc, and 6 cases of c-erbB-2. In DNA aneuploid cases, there were 15 cases of c-myc, 4 cases of L-myc, and 15 cases of c-erbB-2. In DNA multiploid cases, there were 3 cases of c-myc, and 1 cases of c-erbB-2. Amplification of oncogenes was seen more frequently in DNA aneuploid and multiploid cases than in DNA diploid cases. In 71 curative resected cases, the 5-year survival rate for amplified cases of c-myc (10 cases) was 0%, and that of cases with no amplification was 61% (no statistically significant difference). The 5-year survival rate for amplified cases of c-erbB-2 (10 cases) was 40%, against 52% for cases with no amplification. DNA content analysis using flow cytometry was more convenient than analysis of amplification of oncogenes, and reflects the prognosis of resected lung cancer better than oncogenes. There was no relation between DNA content and gene amplification.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1993

[Inflammatory tumor of the hepatic hilus mimicking bile duct cancer--report of a case].

A 73-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of jaundice. Ultrasonography and computed tomography showed a tumor of the hepatic hilus causing obstructive jaundice. Angiography revealed a stenosis of the right hepatic artery. Under the diagnosis of carcinoma of the hepatic hilus, extended right hepatectomy with resection of the caudate lobe was performed. A tumor showing expophytic growth, 2.1 x 1.9 x 1.5cm in size, was seen in the hepatic hilus. Histologically, the tumor was proved to be a non-neoplastic fibrous tissue simulating the inflammatory pseudotumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth in the presence or absence of gingival inflammation in rats.

One adverse effect of nifedipine, a long-acting vasodilator, is gingival overgrowth. Preexisting gingival inflammation and/or dental plaque has been suggested to be responsible for the progression of this side effect, but the precise mechanism is uncertain because of a lack of suitable animal models. A study was therefore done to establish an experimental model of gingival overgrowth in rats and to investigate the possible involvement of gingival inflammation and/or dental plaque in its development. Specific pathogen-free Fischer rats (male, 14 days old) were used. Gingival inflammation and dental plaque accumulation were induced by infection with Streptococcus mutans MT8148R. The nifedipine-treated rats (experimental group) were fed a caries-inducing diet containing nifedipine either with or without infection, while the nifedipine-untreated rats (control group) were fed the same diet, similarly with or without the infection. Marked gingival overgrowth was induced in the mandibular molar region of nifedipine-treated rats regardless of S. mutans infection, although the infection resulted in a further increase in the degree of gingival overgrowth. Histological examination of the gingival overgrowth revealed the presence of redundant subepithelial connective tissue in the treated rats, and inflammatory cell infiltration was apparent only in the tissue of the S. mutans-infected rats regardless of the nifedipine administration. These findings suggest that nifedipine induces gingival overgrowth in rats either in the presence or absence of gingival inflammation and/or dental plaque, although these factors can augment the effect of the drug.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

[Lethal arrhythmias in a patient with coarctation of the aorta and severe heart failure: their control by combination of low dose amiodarone with procainamide for 3 years].

In 1970, a 19 year-old man was diagnosed as having coarctation of the aorta (CoA). But the patient and his family rejected further examination for CoA and high blood pressure was treated after that time. When the patient was 37 years old, he was admitted to our hospital because of congestive heart failure. During the 2nd admission for determining the operability of CoA in December, 1988, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia was detected. Immediately, intravenous administration of lidocaine or/and mexiletine were started. However, cardiac arrest occurred. After his recovery, lethal ventricular arrhythmias were still observed frequently despite administration of class Ia or Ib antiarrhythmic drugs. Oral amiodarone administration (600 mg) with procainamide (1000 mg) was started on 1st of May, 1989. Axillo-femoral bypass graft was performed during the 2nd admission because curable operation was abandoned because of severely impaired cardiac function. Subsequently, the patient was admitted 5 times due to exacerbated congestive heart failure. However, lethal arrhythmias were able to be controlled by the combination of low dose amiodarone (100-200 mg) with procainamide until he died of congestive heart failure on 9th of May, 1992. We reported a rare adult case with CoA and severe heart failure. Lethal arrhythmias in this case were well controlled by the combined administration of low dose amiodarone with procainamide regardless of severely impaired cardiac function.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of THP-CVP regimen for elderly patients with malignant lymphoma].

Between April 1990 and June 1992, a multicenter clinical trial of chemotherapy regimens was performed with patients, aged 65 years or more, suffering from malignant lymphoma. The total number of patients was 38 included 30 initial cases (median age: 72) and 8 relapsed cases (79). The chemotherapy regimen, administered every 3 weeks, included pirarubicin (30 mg/m2; day 1), cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2; day 1), vindesine (1.5 mg/m2; day 1), and prednisolone (40 mg/m2; days 1-5) for the initial cases, and etoposide (100 mg/m2; days 1-5) in addition for relapse cases. The complete response and partial response rates were 50.0% and 40.0% in initial cases, respectively, and 50.0% and 0% in relapsed cases, respectively. The 50% survival period was 25.9 months in initial cases and 18.0 months in relapse cases. There were no serious side effects related to the regimens. Performance status deteriorated in only one case after chemotherapy. We concluded that the chemotherapy regimens were useful and safe for elderly patients with malignant lymphoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Cellular electrophysiological basis of proarrhythmic and antiarrhythmic effects of ischemia-related lipid metabolites].

Lysophosphatidylcholine, an amphiphilic lipid metabolite, accumulates in the ischemic myocardium and plays a pivotal role in the production of arrhythmias. To clarify its cellular ionic mechanism(s), we investigated the effect of 1-palmitoyl-lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) on the guinea pig ventricular myocytes, using whole cell- and patch-voltage clamp methods. In whole cell recordings, extracellular application of LPC (20-100 microM) depolarized the resting potential within several minutes and produced automatic action potential discharges from the resting and plateau potentials. Such effects were attributed mostly to the decrease in inward going rectifier K current (Ik1). Single channel recordings in the cell attached mode revealed that this decrease in Ik1 is secondary to the reduction of the single channel conductance and not due to decreased open probability. LPC (5-50 microM) also decreased the excitatory Na+ current (INa) in an all-or-nothing manner, depending upon the concentration used. Such decreases in the resting potential and peak INa could be responsible for the marked retardation of conduction velocity and therefore production of reentry. Another amphiphilic lipid metabolite, a long-chain acylcarnitine or 1-palmitoylcarnitine (PALC), had LPC-like depressant effects on INa, albeit the effect was reversible in the majority of cells tested. On the other hand, a short-chain acylcarnitine, 1-propionylcarnitine (PROC) did not affect the INa by itself even at a high concentration (50-500 microM), whereas it prevented the LPC's depressant effect on INa. Like PROC, the middle-chain acylcarnitine, e.g., 1-hexanoylcarnitine (HEXC) did not decrease the INa, but prevented the LPC's deleterious effects on INa, albeit the latter effect was much weaker than that of PROC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Measurement of bile CEA levels in patients with colorectal cancer: is it of value for diagnosis of occult liver metastases aiming at prophylactic regional hepatic chemotherapy?].

A preliminary study was conducted to determine whether the measurement of CEA levels in gallbladder bile would be of value for diagnosis of occult liver metastases aiming at prophylactic regional hepatic chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer. Forty-fold dilution by normal human sera was necessary to measure CEA levels of gallbladder bile by the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Bile CEA levels were 27.2 +/- 30.4 (M +/- SD) ng/ml in patients with benign biliary diseases (control), 248.5 +/- 426.3 ng/ml (p < 0.05, vs. control) in Dukes B, C patients, and 3,331.5 +/- 4,473.3 ng/ml (p < 0.01 vs. control, p < 0.05 vs. Dukes B, C) in patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer, respectively. Bile CEA tended to demonstrate the existence of hepatic metastases more accurately than serum CEA. Our results obtained from a small number of patients suggest that patients with either elevation of bile CEA level or with a high ratio of bile CEA/serum CEA may be candidates for hepatic recurrence that requires prophylactic hepatic chemotherapy. However, it may be difficult to determine the bile CEA level at which occult liver metastases are demonstrated.

Bile↗
PubMed1993

[A case of malignant thymoma associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia and high serum level of SCC antigen].

We present a case of 43-year-old man with pure red cell aplasia appearing 8 years after thymothymectomy. He underwent an operation and postoperative radiotherapy for malignant thymoma associated with myasthenia gravis in 1983. In 1991 high serum level of SCC antigen was noted and a metastatic tumor was found in the retroperitoneal region. After removal of the tumor pure red cell aplasia developed, which responded to steroid therapy. The serum level of SCC antigen is still abnormally high.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of neurinoma combined with testicular feminization syndrome].

A 23-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a mediastinal tumor. She complained of primary amenorrhea, and abdominal echosonography was therefore performed, revealing the absence of a uterus. Chromosome analysis revealed a 46 XY genotype, indicating the patient to be a male, not a female. Left renal venography demonstrated residual blood vessels originating in the Mullerian ducts. Thoracotomy and laparotomy were performed, and the mediastinal tumor and bilateral testes were resected. Postoperative pathology revealed that the mediastinal tumor was a neurinoma. There was no spermatogenesis, but hyperplasia of Sertoli cells in the testes was seen. Neither the neurinoma nor the testes were malignant. Bioassay of the testes showed no androgen receptors, leading to the diagnosis of testicular feminization syndrome with the complete form of androgen insensitivity. There have been many reports of an association between testicular feminization syndrome and malignant tumors of the testes, but few reports of an association between testicular feminization syndrome and benign tumors such as neurinoma. Accordingly, the present case was considered to be unusual and worth reporting.

Adult↗