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Biomedical subjects

H Iro

Publications and source records attributed to H Iro.

158 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Preoperative diagnosis of neck tumors using magnetic resonance imaging].

The value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in preoperative diagnostics of neck tumours is described. The MR findings were compared with CT scans with respect to their significance for surgical treatment. The quality of the images of the neck was improved by the introduction of Helmholtz coils. The marked contrast between tumour and surrounding tissues provides detailed information about the extension, structure and extent of infiltration. However neither MR nor CT imaging was reliable in small laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas. The value of MR angiography cannot yet be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Flow cytophotometric measurements before and during radiotherapy of head and neck tumors].

The DNA index and proliferation activities were determined by flow cytophotometry in 59 tumors of the head and neck area. 35 tumors (59%) were aneuploid, 24 (41%) were diploid. Aneuploid tumors showed a tendency to increased formation of lymph node metastases, an increased risk of relapse as well as a shorter relapse-free interval. No correlation was found between the primary tumor stage and the incidence of aneuploid tumors. Whereas aneuploid tumors developed frequently regional recurrences, only local recurrences were observed in diploid tumors. A number of biopsies was additionally performed during radiotherapy in twelve tumors. After 10 or 20 Gy, aneuploid tumors showed a considerably increased number of S and S2 + M phase cells. In diploid tumors, substantial modifications of the cell cycle phases were not found, because it is not possible in these cases to distinguish between normal cells and tumor cells.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1988

[Experiences with percutaneous endoscopy controlled gastrostomy in patients with neck and otolaryngologic tumors].

Most patients with head and neck tumours need supportive long-term nutrition. To guarantee enteral food intake we implanted a nasogastric tube percutaneously without any complications in 108 patients. The advantage of this method of feeding is that the direct percutaneous route avoids any mechanical irritation of the upper gastro-intestinal tract; this could be important, for example, during radiotherapy, because the mucous membranes are already damaged. In addition the gastric tube is invisible below the patient's clothing so that he can move about without embarrassment.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1987

[Significance of percutaneous endoscopically controlled gastrostomy in the prevention and therapy of esophagotracheal fistula following long-term intubation].

An esophago-tracheal fistula, which developed during long-term artificial ventilation, is a vital threat to the life of a patient. The esophago-tracheal fistula is caused by pressure lesion of the mucosa of the posterior tracheal and anterior esophageal wall. The adverse mechanic factors are the blocked tube cuff on the one hand and the nasogastric tube being usually required for enteral nutrition on the other hand. Replacement of a nasogastric tube through a percutaneous, endoscopically controlled gastrostomy relieves the esophagus and thus prevents pressure lesion of the anterior esophageal wall. A percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, if performed in time, is suggested to reduce the incidence of an esophago-tracheal fistula, which develops in the course of long-term artificial ventilation.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMed1986

[Reversible panmyelopathy following captopril treatment].

In a 46-year-old female patient suffering from renal hypertension due to polycystic kidney degeneration with creatinine values between 3 and 5 mg/dl leucopenia developed 3 weeks after beginning antihypertensive therapy with the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor captopril. On continuation of treatment signs of haemorrhagic diathesis appeared 7 months later. Cytology and histology led to the diagnosis of panmyelopathy which, from the clinical findings and the close patient follow-up, was to be regarded as captopril-induced. Bone-marrow regeneration could be shown 6 months after discontinuing the drug. In renal insufficiency, captopril treatment should be monitored using regular haematological tests and the drug withdrawn when leuco- or thrombocytopenia occurs.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1984

[Comparison of the tumor markers CEA and CA 19-9 in colorectal diagnosis].

Endoscopic examination of the colon was performed in 405 patients (125 without, 217 with benign, and 63 with malignant colorectal diseases), and the serum levels of the tumour-associated antigens CEA and CA 19-9 were determined. On comparing both markers, the specificity of CA 19-9 (96% correctly normal values) was found to be higher in benign colorectal diseases than that of CEA (92% with a cut-off limit of 5 ng/ml for CEA). On the other hand, the sensitivity of CA 19-9 in colorectal carcinomas was only about 25% and thus much lower than that of CEA (52% correctly pathological values). The sensitivity of both markers was particularly low in the initial stages of carcinoma (in Dukes A: CEA 20%, CA 19-9 0%). If the cut-off limit for CEA was raised to 10 ng/ml, the specificity was increased to 99%, whereas the sensitivity was markedly reduced to 25%. The diagnostic accuracy of CEA in colorectal carcinomas was not surpassed by CA 19-9. There was no obvious advantage in simultaneous determination of CEA and CA 19-9.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medical applications of magnetic nanoparticles.

In recent years biomedical research indicated, that magnetic nanoparticles can be a promising tool for several applications in vitro and in vivo. In medicine many approaches were investigated for diagnosis and therapy and offered a great variety of applications. Magnetic cell separation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic targeted delivery of therapeutics or magnetically induced hyperthermia are approaches of particular clinical relevance. For medical use, especially for in vivo application it is of great importance that these particles do not have any toxic effects or incompatibility with biological organism. Investigations on applicable particles induced a variability of micro- and nanostructures with different materials, sizes, and specific surface chemistry.

Drug Delivery Systems↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic imbalances in preinvasive tissue of hypopharynx provide evidence for cytogenetic heterogeneity.

Multiple chromosomal aberrations have been reported in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). But less information is available on specific patterns of chromosomal amplifications which distinguish different areas of head and neck tumors. To elucidate genetic mechanisms causing the aggressive growth and high proliferation of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we performed reverse chromosome painting (RCP) on a total of eight hypopharyngeal SCC including invasive carcinoma and preinvasive tissue. Five hypopharyngeal invasive carcinomas showed amplifications on chromosome 3q. Furthermore, we detected gains on chromosomes 11q and 6p. Compared to the histologically classified preinvasive tissues, we found amplified alterations on chromosome 6p, 11q and 12q, but none of them showed gains on chromosome 3q. This observed heterogeneity in hypopharyngeal SCC might reflect a specific role of chromosome 3q as a late event in the highly invasive capacity of these SCC.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗