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Biomedical subjects

H Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to H Inoue.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Expression of Lewis-related antigen and prognosis in stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Immunohistochemical expression of Lewisy, sialyl Lewisx, and sialyl Lewisa were examined in relation to blood vessel invasion and prognosis in 133 patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer who had a curative resection from 1980 to 1991. Expression of sialyl Lewisx in adenocarcinomas was higher than in squamous cell and large cell carcinomas, and Lewisy immunoreactivity was the highest among the three antigens. The frequency of blood vessel invasion was significantly higher in tumors with expression of Lewisy or sialyl Lewis antigen (sialyl Lewisx or sialyl Lewisa), however, Lewisy expression was even more significant. The postoperative survival was significantly shorter when tumors expressed both the Lewisy and sialyl Lewis antigen. However, the survival of patients with either Lewisy or sialyl Lewis antigen expression was similar to that of patients whose tumors did not express either the Lewisy or sialyl Lewis antigens. These results suggest that Lewisy and sialyl Lewis antigen may be of prognostic value for metastatic potential but have different functional roles in tumor cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Ultrastructural relation between nerve terminals and dentine bridge formation after pulpotomy in human teeth.

Close association between nerve terminals and preodontoblasts, odontoblasts and predentine was observed during healing after pulpotomy. The nerve terminals frequently contained large numbers of synaptic vesicles. Terminals with many vesicles tended to be fewer in the predentine than in the odontoblastic layer. The distribution of terminals was more dense at the stage before the regenerated odontoblasts became arranged regularly beneath the predentine. It is suggested that these terminals have some efferent role(s), especially during collagen synthesis at the early stage of dentinogenesis. The nerves may release their abundant synaptic vesicles, in addition to serving a sensory role for monitoring the increased sensitivity in the injured areas.

Dentin, Secondary↗
PubMed1995

Detection of decay-accelerating factor in stool specimens of patients with colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colorectal cancers have an increased expression of decay-accelerating factor (DAF). The aim of this study was to determine whether stool specimens of patients with colorectal cancer contain increased amounts of DAF. METHODS: DAF was measured using an immunoassay in the stool specimens of 40 persons with colorectal cancer, 18 with colorectal adenomatous polyps, 13 with upper gastrointestinal cancer, and 41 without gastrointestinal disease. RESULTS: Stool DAF concentrations in patients with colorectal cancer (0-9.8 ng/g stool; median, 1.6 ng/g) were significantly higher than those in patients with adenoma (0-6.4 ng/g; median, 0 ng/g) (P < 0.05), patients with upper gastrointestinal cancer (0-3.1 ng/g; median, 0 ng/g) (P < 0.05), and subjects without gastrointestinal disease (0-3.4 ng/g; median, 0 ng/g) (P < 0.01). Resection of colorectal cancers caused a marked decrease in stool DAF concentrations. The stool DAF test was positive in a substantial portion of patients with colorectal cancer whose tumors were small ( < 2 cm), at an early TNM stage, or unassociated with fecal occult blood positivity. The sensitivity of the test for colorectal cancer was 55%, and the specificity was 85%. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of stood DAF deserves evaluation as a test for detection of colorectal cancer.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1995

The expression of tumor-rejection antigen "MAGE" genes in human gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The genes MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 both encode melanoma peptide antigens recognized by major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The antigens may be a target for immunotherapy. There is, however, little information on the expression of these genes in gastric carcinomas. Therefore, the expression of MAGE genes in gastric carcinomas was evaluated. METHODS: The expression of MAGE-1, MAGE-2, and MAGE-3 genes in tumors and corresponding normal tissue specimens was studied using a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results were analyzed according to clinicopathologic factors of the tumor. RESULTS: In the 68 gastric carcinomas studied, MAGE-1, MAGE-2, and MAGE-3 messenger RNA were detected in 41%, 31%, and 38%, respectively. Fifty percent of the gastric carcinomas expressed at least one of the MAGE genes. Messenger RNA for the three MAGE proteins was not detected in normal gastric tissue. MAGE gene expression in gastric carcinomas was not associated with a significant clincopathology of the tumor. However, gene expression was lower in mucinous carcinomas (3 of 10). CONCLUSIONS: MAGE-1, MAGE-2, and MAGE-3 are expressed in a high percentage of gastric carcinomas. These tumor rejection antigens may provide tumor-specific targets for immunotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Regulation of two isozymes of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and thromboxane synthase in human monoblastoid cell line U937.

The mechanism responsible for the rapid increase of thromboxane A2 synthesis by cells of the human monoblastoid cell line U937, which were differentiated with 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied. Both RNA blot and immunoblot analyses showed that LPS increased the levels of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-1 (PES-1) and -2 (PES-2) in a time-dependent manner, and the modes of induction of the two isozymes differed. The maximum PES-1 mRNA level was 1.6 times higher 36 h after than before stimulation by LPS, and that of PES-2 mRNA was elevated about 20-fold at its peak at 12 h after stimulation. Consequently, the immunoreactive PES-1 and PES-2 protein levels also increased time-dependently after LPS stimulation. However, the effects of LPS on the thromboxane synthase mRNA and protein levels were much less marked. These results indicate that LPS-induced thromboxane synthesis by the differentiated cells was regulated at the levels of the two PES isozymes, predominantly at the PES-2 level.

Arachidonic Acids↗
PubMed1995

Genotoxic effect of griseofulvin in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster.

Griseofulvin (GF), a carcinogenic spindle poison, was tested in two types of somatic-cell assays of Drosophila melanogaster, one of which detects the induction of DNA damage and the other mutation/mitotic recombination. In both assays, GF was fed to tester larvae and genetic endpoints examined after emergence. In the wing spot test, trans-heterozygous flies carrying mwh and flr3 wing-hair mutations produced both significant and dose-dependent increases in the frequency of mwh single spots over the control level but no increase of twin spots. In the DNA repair test, double-mutant larvae carrying both mei-9(a) (excision repair-defective) and mei-41(D5) (postreplication repair-defective) mutations showed hypersensitivity to killing by GF compared with their DNA repair-proficient counterparts, suggesting that GF caused potentially lethal DNA damages which were efficiently repaired by the DNA repair-proficient but not -defective larvae. These lines of evidence clearly demonstrate that GF is genotoxic in somatic cells of Drosophila. It is noted that (1) GF-fed larvae showed a developmental delay and (2) surviving adult flies had morphological abnormalities in their eyes and wings.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Solution X-ray scattering study of reconstitution process of tobacco mosaic virus particle using low-temperature quenching.

The reconstitution process of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was investigated by the solution X-ray scattering measurements with the synchrotron radiation source using low-temperature quenching. TMV assembly in an aqueous solution is completely stopped below 5 degrees C. The TMV assembly was traced by the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements at 5 degrees C on a series of solutions prepared by low-temperature quenching after incubation either at 15, 20 or 25 degrees C for an appropriate interval between 0 and 60 min. The SAXS results were analyzed by the Guinier plot, the Kratky plot and the distance distribution function. In order to account the time course of SAXS profiles in terms of the elongation of TMV assembly, a model calculation was performed to simulate the Guinier plot, the Kratky plot and the distance distribution function by applying Glatter's multibody method using models that were constituted of the spheres representing a column of piled two-layer disks of TMV-protein. The three simulated functions thus obtained support the conclusion derived from the three functions calculated from the experimental results that the incubation of the RNA and protein of TMV began to reconstitute TMV instantly after mixing, proceeded steeply to a long rod, and then extended asymptotic to the full length of the TMV particle. This process is in good agreement with that obtained from electron microscopic studies.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Long-term enhancement of dopamine release by high frequency tetanic stimulation via a N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor-mediated pathway in rat striatum.

We studied the effects of high frequency tetanic stimulation of the striatum on the KCl (20 mM)-evoked dopamine release in rat striatal slices. The KCl-evoked dopamine release was potentiated by high frequency tetanic stimulation (10-20 Hz) of the striatum including the corticostriatal fibers, and this potentiation was observed until 3 h after high frequency tetanic stimulation. Potentiation of dopamine release after high frequency tetanic stimulation was induced not only by KCl but also by glutamate in Mg(2+)-free medium, N-methyl-D-aspartate in Mg(2+)-free medium, and by DL-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid. 2-amino-5-phosphovalerate, 3-[(+/-)-2-carboxypiperazine-4-yl]-propyl-1-phosphonate or dibenzocycloheptaneimine, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor inhibitors, abolished enhancement by tetanus, whereas, 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, an antagonist of DL-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid ionotropic receptors, or L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate, an antagonist of glutamate metabotropic receptors, showed no effect. Moreover, pretreatment with glutamate or N-methyl-D-aspartate in the absence of Mg2+ also facilitated dopamine release evoked by KCl concentrations. When extracellular Ca2+ was removed from the medium during pretreatment, potentiation by glutamate disappeared. We conclude that activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors on dopaminergic nerve terminals in the striatum produces the long-term changes in efficacy of the response to KCl or glutamatergic agents. That is, plastical phenomena could exist at presynaptic levels between glutamatergic neurons and dopaminergic neurons in striatum.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Left ventricular dimensions and autonomic balance during head-up tilt differ between patients with isoproterenol-dependent and isoproterenol-independent neurally mediated syncope.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to elucidate differences in mechanisms of neurally mediated syncope between patients with syncope induced by head-up tilt alone and those requiring isoproterenol infusion to induce syncope during head-up tilt. BACKGROUND: Some patients with neurally mediated syncope require isoproterenol to induce syncope during head-up tilt (isoproterenol dependent), and others do not (isoproterenol independent). Differences in mechanisms between these two groups have not been well elucidated. METHODS: A 60 degrees head-up tilt test was performed in 13 patients with isoproterenol-independent syncope (Group I, mean [+/- SD] age 28 +/- 12 years), 14 patients with isoproterenol-dependent syncope (Group II, mean age 34 +/- 14 years) and 20 control subjects without syncope (Group III, mean age 32 +/- 12 years). Left ventricular size and contractility were determined by echocardiography, and sympathovagal balance was determined with power spectral analysis of heart rate variability using a maximal entropy method. RESULTS: Group I patients had smaller left ventricular dimensions than Group II and III during baseline tilt. During head-up tilt with isoproterenol infusion (0.01 to 0.04 microgram/kg body weight per min), left ventricular dimensions decreased to the same extent in Groups II and III, but fractional shortening was greater in Group II than in Group III at the end of the tilt. The ratio of low (0.05 to 0.15 Hz) to high frequency (0.15 to 1.0 Hz) component became greater in Group I than in Groups II and III during the last period of baseline tilt. However, the ratio was greater in Group II than in Group III during the last period of the tilt with isoproterenol. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with isoproterenol-independent syncope had an exaggerated decrease in left ventricular size and sympathetic predominance preceding syncope during head-up tilt. In contrast, in patients with isoproterenol-dependent syncope, similar changes in autonomic nervous balance were evident only during isoproterenol infusion in addition to head-up tilt.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Effect of BAY u3405, a thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist, on neuro-effector transmission in canine tracheal tissue.

Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is reported to potentiate vagal nerve neuro-effector transmission in airway smooth muscle tissue. We investigated the effects of BAY u3405 (3(R)-[[4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]amino]-1,2,3,4,-tetrahydro-9H-carbazole - 9-propanoic acid), a potent and selective TXA2 receptor antagonist, on the increase in vagal nerve neuro-effector transmission induced by a TXA2 mimetic, U-46619, in the canine trachea. We measured the contractions of canine tracheal smooth muscle evoked by electrical field stimulation (EFS) and by acetylcholine (ACh) in the presence and absence of a subthreshold dose of U-46619 (the highest dose that did not induce any smooth muscle contraction). We then examined whether BAY u3405 inhibited the effect of U-46619 on tracheal smooth muscle. The following results were obtained: (i) subthreshold doses of U-46619 (10(-10) M and 10(-9) M) significantly increased the amplitude of the contractions evoked by EFS; (ii) by contrast, U-46619 had no effect on the contractile response of smooth muscle to exogenously applied ACh; (iii) the contraction evoked by EFS was completely abolished by the application of atropine (10(-6) M) or tetrodotoxin (10(-7) M), indicating that EFS caused the smooth muscle contraction through the release of ACh from vagal nerve terminals; and (iv) pretreatment with BAY u3405 (10(-6) M) abolished the excitatory action of U-46619 on the amplitude of twitch contraction evoked by EFS in the trachea. These results indicate that U-46619, at low concentrations, has a prejunctional action stimulating neuro-effector transmission, presumably increasing ACh release from vagal nerve terminals through TXA2 receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5↗
PubMed1995

Potential role of interleukin-1 in allergen-induced late asthmatic reactions in guinea pigs: suppressive effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist on late asthmatic reaction.

Interleukin (IL)-1 is a pluripotential proinflammatory cytokine and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma and late asthmatic reactions (LARs). To determine whether IL-1 plays a role in LAR, guinea pigs sensitized with Ascaris antigen were used. We evaluated IL-1 production by immunostaining with anti-IL-1 beta antibody and elucidated the action of IL-1 in LAR with recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist. Immunostaining revealed that IL-1 beta-like immunoreactivity-positive cells increased in the airway walls and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after the antigen challenge. IL-1 receptor antagonist protein pretreatment reduced the generation of LAR in terms of pulmonary resistance. IL-1 receptor antagonist protein pretreatment did not change cellular components but reduced the percentage of hypodense eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. We also studied the direct effect of recombinant human IL-1 beta on pulmonary resistance and eosinophil activity measured as released eosinophil peroxidase activity. Recombinant human IL-1 beta did not change pulmonary resistance but primed eosinophils to release eosinophil peroxidase activity in response to platelet activating factor. Therefore these results suggest that IL-1 was produced in sensitized pulmonary tissue of guinea pigs by allergen exposure and played a role in the generation of LAR, at least partially by modulating the activation of eosinophils.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Intraneural ganglion of the posterior interosseous nerve with lateral elbow pain.

We report an intraneural ganglion of the posterior interosseous nerve causing lateral elbow pain. The cystic lesion was identified by magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical exploration using the microscope permitted complete extirpation of the cyst without damage to nerve tissue. The patient experienced complete relief from pain, with full preservation of function.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Delayed posterior interosseous nerve palsy.

A rare case of delayed posterior interosseous nerve palsy that developed 39 years after an unreduced anterior dislocation of the radial head is reported. The posterior interosseous nerve was compressed and narrowed at the arcade of Frohse. Radial head resection and release of the arcade was done. The paralysis continued to recover 6 weeks after operation. The nerve, at the arcade of Frohse, was susceptible to compression by the dislocated radial head, especially in the supinated position. Repeated supination and pronation movement over time may have led to developmental changes that caused the delayed nerve palsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Ewing's sarcoma of the hand: magnetic resonance images and treatment.

Two cases of Ewing's sarcoma of the hand were treated by preoperative chemotherapy and radiation therapy to decrease tumor volume. Magnetic resonance images were useful in showing the soft tissue mass and in estimating the effect of the chemotherapy. The results of surgery were satisfactory with this treatment regimen.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Detection of specific IgE antibodies to Japanese cypress pollen in patients with nasal allergy: a comparative study with Japanese cedar.

Japanese cypress pollinosis has recently attracted attention and its clinical relationship with Japanese cedar pollinosis has been pointed out. To compare the two kinds of pollinosis, we retrospectively examined specific IgE antibodies to both pollen of Japanese cypress and cedar in the sera of 150 patients with nasal allergy using AlaSTAT assay. During the season in which the pollens of these two species are dispersed, the positive rates for Japanese cypress and cedar increased to 51.4 and 75.0%, respectively. The percentage of patients positive for both of cypress and cedar was elevated to 51.4%, corresponding to 68.5% of the total patient group positive for cedar. Almost all the cases positive for cypress had IgE antibodies to cedar, the value of which was considerably higher than that of cases positive only for cedar. Furthermore, increases in titers of specific IgE antibodies to cypress was observed in four of six cases, compared between specific IgE antibodies to cypress in pre- and post-dispersion of cypress pollen. These findings suggest the following possibility: (i) there is cross-antigenicity between the two pollen species, and (ii) patients are immunologically affected by cypress pollen to express higher levels of specific IgE antibodies after pollen dispersion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Surgical treatments for oesophageal cancer concomitant with gastric adenoma with severe epithelial atypia.

The various surgical treatments for oesophageal cancer concomitant with gastric adenoma with severe epithelial atypia (SEA) are discussed by presenting three such cases. As gastric adenoma with SEA had been considered to be a precancerous condition but not normally an indication for gastrectomy, we devised an operative strategy of laparotomy and thoracotomy. For Case 1, with early oesophageal cancer and gastric adenoma with SEA in the body of stomach, a laparotomy and local resection of the gastric lesion were carried out prior to thoracotomy in order to determine the safest reconstructive method after measuring the length of the well-nourished gastric tube. In Case 2, with advanced oesophageal cancer, a thoracotomy was first performed to assess the curability of surgery for the oesophageal cancer and a gastric adenoma was removed. In contrast, for Case 3 with advanced oesophageal cancer, and in whom post-operative survival was deemed to be short, a gastric adenoma was not resected. The most appropriate operative methods should thus be decided after careful consideration of the stage of the oesophageal cancer and characteristics of the gastric adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1995

Expression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) gene in non-small-cell lung cancer.

We examined the levels of expression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) gene quantified by Northern blot analysis in comparison with those of the MDR1 gene determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 104 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens [59 adenocarcinoma (Ad), 40 squamous cell carcinoma (Sq), four large cell carcinoma (La) and one adeno-squamous carcinoma (AdSq)]. Thirty-three (31.7%) of the 104 NSCLC expressed the MRP gene at various levels. The NSCLC showing high (++) levels of MRP gene expression (19 out of 33, 57.6%) were predominantly squamous cell carcinomas (Ad, 5; Sq, 13; La, 1) (P < 0.05). Six of the eight NSCLCs expressing high levels of MRP mRNA and no MDR1 (MRP ++, MDR1-) were squamous cell carcinomas. Sixty-one of the 104 NSCLC patients received chemotherapy with MRP-related anti-cancer drugs [vindesine (VDS) and etoposide (VP-16)]. Twenty-three patients (37.7%) with tumour expressing high or moderate levels of MRP showed significantly worse prognoses than those with non- or low-MRP-expressing tumours (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the level of MRP gene expression is related to the histopathology and prognosis of NSCLC.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗