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Biomedical subjects

H Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to H Inoue.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Measurement of fatigue in knee flexor and extensor muscles.

In order to examine fatigue of the knee flexor and extensor muscles and to investigate the characteristics of muscular fatigue in different sports, a Cybex machine was used to measure muscle fatigue and recovery during isokinetic knee flexion and extension. Eighteen baseball players, 12 soccer players and 13 marathon runners were studied. Each subject was tested in the sitting position and made to perform 50 consecutive right knee bends and stretches at maximum strength. This was done 3 times with an interval of 10 min between each series. The peak torque to body weight ratio and the fatigue rate were determined in each case. In all subjects, the peak torque to body weight ratio was higher for extensors than flexors. Over the 3 trials, the fatigue rate of extensors showed little change, while that of flexors had a tendency to increase. In each subject, knee extensors showed a high fatigue rate but a quick recovery, while knee flexors showed a low fatigue rate but a slow recovery. As the marathon runners had the smallest fatigue rates for both flexors and extensors, we concluded that marathon runners had more stamina than baseball players and soccer players.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Effectiveness of the fold plication method in lung volume reduction surgery.

OBJECT: The fold plication method is a new operative procedure for lung volume reduction surgery whereby the target area is obliterated by plicating the folded tissue using a knifeless stapler, without the use of bovine pericardium. The effectiveness of this new method was evaluated in patients with advanced pulmonary emphysema. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two weeks before and 6 months after surgery, pulmonary function, static lung compliance, maximal esophageal pressure, maximal inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures, 6-min walking distance and the Borg scale were determined in twenty consecutive patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic unilateral surgery. RESULTS: There was an increase in forced expiratory volume in one second (31%), forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow rate and maximal voluntary ventilation, and a decrease in functional residual capacity (-16%) measured by plethysmograph. Static lung compliance decreased, and maximal esophageal pressure, and maximal inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures increased. The 6-min walking distance increased (20%) and the Borg scale decreased (5.9 to 3.5). CONCLUSION: The results compare favorably with those obtained with other methods. Thus, the fold plication method could be considered an alternative procedure for lung volume reduction surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: thin-section helical CT findings.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thin-section helical CT findings of intraductal papillary mucinous tumors and to investigate whether helical CT could distinguish between malignant and benign intraductal papillary mucinous tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven patients (nine with malignant and 18 with benign intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors) underwent thin-section (3- or 5-mm) helical CT. Two-phase enhanced CT was started 30 and 60-70 sec after injection of contrast material at 3 ml/sec. RESULTS: In six patients (22.2%), a bulging papilla was depicted on CT. Twenty-five patients (92.6%) had a dilated main pancreatic duct. Cystic lesions were seen in 25 patients (92.6%). Thirteen lesions (48%) were located in the uncinate process, seven (25.9%) were in the head, two (7.4%) were in the body, and three (11%) were in the tail. The cystic lesion was unilocular in five patients (18.5%) and multilocular with a lobulated margin in 20 patients (74%). Communication between the main pancreatic duct and the cystic lesion was depicted in 19 patients (70.4%). The papillary projections corresponding to 3-mm or larger papillary neoplasms were depicted in five patients (18.5%). The bulging papilla was more often observed in malignant than in benign intraductal papillary mucinous tumors (p < 0.05). The caliber of the main pancreatic duct was significantly larger in patients with malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors (p > 0.001). CONCLUSION: The most frequently found feature of intraductal papillary mucinous tumors was a lobulated multilocular cystic lesion located in the uncinate process and in contiguity with the dilated main pancreatic duct. In some patients, a bulging papilla and papillary projections in the ducts, which were specific findings, were visualized on CT. The bulging papilla and the caliber of the main pancreatic duct helped differentiate malignant from benign intraductal papillary mucinous tumors.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed2000

Genetic analysis of Japanese patients with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy: nucleotide-binding fold-2 mutation impairs cooperative binding of adenine nucleotides to sulfonylurea receptor 1.

To elucidate the genetic etiology of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) in the Japanese population, we conducted a polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) and Kir6.2 genes in 17 Japanese PHHI patients, including a pair of siblings from a consanguineous family. We also analyzed the glutamate dehydrogenase gene for the exons encoding an allosteric regulatory domain of the enzyme. In the SUR1 gene, we identified one frameshift (I446fsdelT) and two missense (R1420C, R1436Q) mutations. None of these mutations were found in control Japanese subjects. Siblings homozygous for the R1420C mutation had a mild form, whereas two patients heterozygous for the I446fsdelT and R1436Q mutations, respectively, exhibited a severe form of PHHI. Functional consequences of these mutations on K(ATP) function were evaluated using 86Rb+ efflux studies in COS-7 cells. SUR1-446fsdelT and SUR1-1436Q did not form a functional K(ATP). Western blot analysis after transient expression in COS-7 cells revealed the expression of SUR1-1436Q protein to be markedly reduced, suggesting SUR1-1436Q to be unstable in these cells. K(ATP)(SUR1-1420C) showed reduced responses to metabolic inhibition by oligomycin and 2-deoxyglucose. K(ATP) channels are under complex regulation by intracellular ATP and ADP. ATP both inhibits and activates these channels. The inhibition is probably mediated through direct ATP interaction with a pore-forming subunit Kir6.2, whereas the activation is likely to be through a regulatory subunit SUR1. There is a cooperative regulation of ATP and ADP binding to SUR1, and this cooperativity may be involved in regulating the K(ATP) channel. In SUR1-1420C, high-affinity binding of ATP to the nucleotide-binding fold (NBF)-1 was indistinguishable from that of wild-type SUR1. However, stabilization of ATP binding to NBF-1 by MgATP or MgADP was impaired, suggesting that this defect may account for impaired K(ATP)(SUR1-1420C) function. This is the first direct biochemical evidence that the cooperativity of nucleotide binding to SUR1 is impaired in a SUR1 mutant causing PHHI. No mutations were identified in the Kir6.2 and glutamate dehydrogenase genes. The genetic etiology of PHHI appears to be heterogeneous. SUR1 mutations may account for no more than 20% of PHHI cases in Japanese patients. Mutations of Kir6.2 and glutamate dehydrogenase genes are likely to be even less common.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMed2000

Vascularization is decreased in pulmonary adenocarcinoma expressing brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1).

Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) is a novel angioinhibitory factor. We examined BAI1 gene expression in 48 pulmonary adenocarcinoma specimens by RT-PCR. Vascular density (number and measurement area) was immunohistochemically evaluated in tumor specimens using anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody. BAI1 gene expression was detected in 38 of 48 pulmonary adenocarcinomas (79. 2%). Vascular number and measurement area were significantly decreased in the BAI1-positive pulmonary adenocarcinomas (19.3+/-4. 4/microm2 and 1.7+/-0.6%) as compared with those in the BAI1-negative carcinomas (75.5+/-42.7/microm2 and 5.5+/-1.5%) (Mann-Whitney U-test, p=0.0017). These results suggest that BAI1 expression may inhibit stromal vascularization in pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2000

Effect of segmental transcatheter arterial chemoembolization on branched chain amino acids and tyrosine ratio in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

The effect of segmental transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TAE) on serum amino acid levels and liver function were studied in 23 patients with HCC associated with hepatitis virus C (22 patients) or alcoholism (1 patient), with compensated liver cirrhosis (Child A 18 patients, Child B 5 patients). Serum levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), tyrosine, branched-chain amino acids to tyrosine ratio (BTR), ammonia, total bilirubin and albumin, and prothrombin times were measured before and after TAE (24 h, 7 and 14 days). The BTR was increased significantly 24 h after TAE (p<0.001) and gradually decreased to pre-TAE levels. Serum tyrosine levels decreased at 24 h after TAE (p<0.005) and later increased. Serum BCAA levels increased slightly at 7days after TAE and were decreased at 14 days after TAE. This results indicated that the increased BTR was due primarily to the decreased tyrosine level at 24 h after TAE. Serum ammonia levels gradually decreased after TAE and the prothrombin time and serum levels of total bilirubin and albumin were not significantly changed. In this study, segmental TAE had little influence on liver function, and the BTR unexpectedly increased at 24 h after TAE. These results suggest that segmental TAE has minimal side effects and may have a beneficial effect on amino acid metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

MLL-CBP fusion transcript in a therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with the t(11;16)(q23;p13) which developed in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient with Fanconi anemia.

We describe a boy with Fanconi anemia (FA) who developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (FAB-LI) followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (FAB-M5) at relapse. The patient was diagnosed with early pre-B-cell ALL without preceding aplastic anemia and was treated with ALL-oriented chemotherapy which included doxorubicin (a total dose of 140 mg/m(2) administered), which is a topoisomerase II inhibitor. Complete remission was obtained, but after 38 weeks AML developed. The karyotype of ALL cells at diagnosis showed 46,XY, and that of AML cells at relapse was 46,XY, t(11;16)(q23;p13). An MLL gene rearrangement and MLL-CBP chimeric mRNA were found in AML, but not in ALL. A diagnosis of FA was confirmed by an increased number of chromosomal breaks and rearrangements in peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured with mitogen in the presence of mitomycin C. We conclude that this FA patient developed ALL followed by a therapy-related t(11;16)-AML resulting in an MLL-CBP fusion. Further examination of such patients would shed light on leukemogenesis in FA patients. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 27:264-269, 2000.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy for thrombosed vessels with a hydrolyser (hydrodynamic thrombectomy catheter): clinical experience].

A hydrodynamic thrombectomy catheter was prospectively evaluated for the treatment of thrombosed vessels. Seven patients (7 males: age range from 56 to 82 years; mean age: 79 years) presenting with acute or chronic occlusion of peripheral native arteries (n = 6) and dialysis shunt (n = 1) were treated with the hydrolyser (Cordis, Johnson and Johnson, Japan). Mean occlusion time was 135 days (range: 2-300 days), and mean thrombus length 16 cm (range: 5-20 cm). Removal of the thrombus was successful in five patients (71%), regardless of the length of the thrombus. Mean procedure time was 20 minutes (range: 15-30 minutes). No major complications occurred. Adjunctive thrombolysis was required for persistence of the residual thrombosed distal vessel in one patient. Adjunctive balloon angioplasty was performed in two patients (one native vessel and one dialysis shunt), and stent placement was performed in one patient (dialysis shunt). In two unsuccessful cases, the hydrolyser could not be advanced to the distal side because of the solid thrombus. Therefore, thrombolytic therapy was chosen. However, this therapy failed because the guidewire did not pass within the thrombus. Surgery was performed in these two patients. We conclude from this clinical experience that percutaneous thrombectomy with a hydrolyser is a promising technique for the treatment of thrombosed vessels. Especially in the acute stage of thrombosed occlusion, percutaneous thrombectomy with a hydrolyser is superior to thrombectomy with a Fogarty balloon catheter because of its shorter procedure time and fewer complications.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

[Hospitalization reduction by an asthma tele-medicine system].

We examined an effectiveness of a new asthma telemedicine system in reducing hospitalizations using a multi-site randomized control study. In this program, a nurse under physician supervision monitors the patient's airway status at home and provides instructions to individuals via the telephone, helping them manage exacerbations as well as reinforcing proper use of a zone-controlled management plan. Patients with a high risk for hospitalization were screened based on the numbers of emergency room visits and hospitalizations found in a previous study and randomly assigned to either the telemedicine or control group. After a six-month study period, an 83% reduction in hospitalization was demonstrated in the telemedicine group versus the control group, with a P value of 0.01. Improvement of peak expiratory flow and symptoms were also shown in the study group. We conclude that the key success factors in home asthma management for poorly controlled asthma patients are early detection of exacerbations through daily peak flow monitoring, compliance with prescribed daily prophylactic anti-inflammatory steroid medications, and immediate action as specified by a zone-controlled action plan upon the first signs of deterioration.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

A profound hemispheric hypoperfusion with relatively small infarcts indicates a progressing stroke.

We determined clinical features of patients who had a profound hemispheric hypoperfusion with relatively small, acute cerebral infarcts. One hundred and thirty-five patients with acute cerebral infarction underwent both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement in the acute phase of stroke. Eleven (8.1%) had a profound hemispheric hypoperfusion with relatively small infarcts. In these patients, magnetic resonance angiography or conventional angiography was performed, demonstrating the internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis or occlusion on the ipsilateral side of the infarcts. MRI and CBF measurement were repeated one month later. All of 11 patients suffered from a mild consciousness disturbance, and showed a progress of neurological symptoms during a few days, indicative of a progressing stroke. Five patients of 11 concomitantly had atherosclerotic lesions in the arteries distal to the circle of Willis. The remaining six patients had only the ICA lesions. The prognosis of the former was poor and the hemispheric hypoperfusion pattern did not improved. On the other hand, the prognosis of the latter was good and the hemispheric hypoperfusion was recovered soon. In conclusion, if the collateral flow through the circle of Willis could compensate the misery perfusion, the prognosis of low-flow infarctions with ipsilateral ICA lesions might be good.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Cloning and characterization of the iutA gene which encodes ferric aerobactin receptor from marine Vibrio species.

The iutA gene from marine Vibrio species SD004, which encoded a ferric aerobactin receptor for the uptake of iron(III), was cloned onto a multicopy plasmid, pUC 18, in Escherichia coli. Identification of the positive clone was achieved on the basis of its deferrization activity and was detected as a halo formation on the chrome azurol S (CAS)-containing selective plate. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cloned DNA fragment revealed an open reading frame (ORF) which encoded a polypeptide of 706 amino acid residues, and the deduced molecular mass of this polypeptide was 77.906 kD. The amino acid sequence showed a 41% homology with that of the lutA protein from E. coli. The cloned gene was iutA, which encoded the ferric aerobactin receptor. Another incomplete ORF was found 100 bp upstream of the iutA gene, which was homologous (31 out of 49 amino acids) with the C-terminal region of the luc D protein of E. coli. It is suggested that aerobactin biosynthesis and the transport genes are located tandemly on the Vibrio chromosome and may form an aerobactin operon.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[Invasive examination of cardiovascular disease].

Invasive cardiovascular examination by coronary angioscopy and by using a Doppler guide wire, a pressure guide wire and intravascular ultrasound has extensively developed. A Doppler guide wire is used for measurement of flow velocity and evaluation of coronary blood flow. Previous studies demonstrated by assessing maximum coronary vasodilatory capacity that endothelium-dependent or independent vasodilation was impaired in hypertension and hypercholesterolemia or in syndrome X. Elevation of coronary vascular resistance during coronary microvascular spasm has been verified by using a Doppler wire. A pressure guide wire provides coronary transstenotic pressure and is available in calculating myocardial fractional flow reserve(FFRmyo). FFRmyo is an important parameter to assess the coronary functional stenosis that is culprit for myocardial ischemia. It is calculated from the ratio of the mean transstenotic pressure to the mean pressure proximal to the stenosis during maximum coronary hyperemia. The value of FFRmyo considered as necessary for coronary intervention is below 0.75. Intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) is applied as both a diagnostic tool and for intervention purpose. It enabled tissue characterization of the vascular wall as well as measurements of vascular diameter, vascular lumen area and plaque area. It also aided in optimal devise selection, decision of interventional endpoint and assessment of restenosis. IVUS promoted deployment of high-pressure stents to obtain a large post-procedural lumen area as well as abolition of anticoagulation in case of optimal stent deployment. Coronary angioscopy has been developed to investigate the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome, where disrupted yellow plaque and overlying thrombus play important roles. Angioscopy has also evidenced regression of intimal hyperplasia after coronary stenting.

Angioscopy↗
PubMed2000

Effects of anion exchange resin as phosphate binder on serum phosphate and iPTH levels in normal rats.

In order to investigate the characteristics of anion exchange resins that may safely and effectively bind dietary phosphate in digestive tract, phosphate binding experiments were carried out in vitro and in vivo with normal rats by comparing anion exchange resins, PAA-B (which has the same chemical structure as Sevelamer HCl) and Dowe 1x8, with CaCO3. In in vitro phosphate binding experiments, PAA-B bound 32.3% less phosphate than CaCO3 at pH 7. In the rat dietary phosphorus excretion experiments, PAA-B, Dowex 1x8, and CaCO3 increased fecal phosphorus excretion by 62.7, 32.3, and 84.0%, respectively. Famotidine significantly reduced the phosphate binding of CaCO3. When phosphate solution was orally administered, PAA-B depressed serum phosphorus augmentations immediately after administration and thereafter effectively depressed serum iPTH. This suggests that anion exchange resins with most primary and secondary amino type anion exchange groups, have bright prospects in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

[Intrascrotal lipoma: a case report].

A 72-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of right painless swelling of extratesticular scrotal content. Laboratory examinations were unremarkable. Under the diagnosis of an intrascrotal lipoma, the tumor was resected. The removed specimen weighed 115 g. Histopathological findings revealed lipoma. Other cases from the Japanese publications, together with our case, are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Recurrence of catamenial pneumothorax after surgical treatment].

We reported a case of catamenial pneumothorax that was recurrent after surgical treatment. A 43-year-old woman had sudden chest pain and dyspnea during menstruation. Right pneumothorax and pleural effusion were pointed out on chest X-ray films. When the patient was 31 years old, she received a diagnosis of catamenial pneumothorax and underwent thoracotomy for resection of diaphragmatic endometriosis. However, after surgery she experienced recurrence of right pneumothorax, and was accordingly treated with danazol. The patient decided to terminate medication by herself because her symptoms had disappeared. Several years after the cessation of medication, she experienced chest pain frequently during menstruation, but did not seek a medical check-up. She visited our department because of persistent chest pain in 1997. After the patient was hospitalized, pneumothorax was diagnosed and continuous drainage was performed. Although pneumothorax was alleviated by drainage, it recurred during the patient's next menstrual period. Open lung surgery was performed. Diaphragmatic endometriosis with a small hole and inflammatory thickened lesions on the visceral pleura of the lower lobe (S 6) were found and excised. Microscopic examination of the excised specimens showed endometriosis. Visceral pleural endometriosis has been histologically demonstrated in very few cases. After surgery, hormonal therapy was started. The patient has been well for 12 months without recurrence of pneumothorax. Both surgical and hormonal treatment were considered necessary for the treatment of catamenial pneumothorax in this case.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed2000

[Abnormal Q wave in the right precordial leads unmasked during right bundle branch block in a patient with anteroseptal myocardial infarction: a case report].

Electrocardiography in a 77-year-old woman showed small R waves in leads V1-V3 3 hours after the onset of acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction. Abnormal Q waves appeared in leads V1-V3 only during intermittent right bundle branch block. The normal septal force disappeared after transmural septal infarction and a small force of right ventricle origin became apparent as a small R wave in V1. Right bundle branch block delayed activation of right ventricle, and thereby deleted the initial R wave and unmasked the Q wave of the septal infarction. Appearance of a Q wave in leads V1-V3 with right bundle branch block should not be assumed to reflect the extension of myocardial infarction.

Aged↗