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Biomedical subjects

H Iida

Publications and source records attributed to H Iida.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Pathways and terminal fields of the cochlearofugal somatostatin tracts of very young rats.

The cochlearofugal somatostatin (SRIF) neuron system of very young rats (between newborn and 1 week old) was investigated by means of the indirect immunofluorescence technique of Coons. Cochlear nuclei (both dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei) of this stage contain numerous SRIF-positive cells which are scarcely found in adult rats. Based upon the experimental findings obtained by this study, the majority of SRIF-positive fibers originating from these nuclei reach the contralateral inferior colliculus via well-established cochlearo-inferior collicular tracts such as dorsal acoustic striae, intermediate acoustic striae and trapezoid body, respectively. The possible significance of SRIF in the development of the auditory system is briefly discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Volatile sulfur compounds responsible for an offensive odor of the flat-head, Calliurichthys doryssus.

1. The volatiles of a flat-head, Calliurichthys doryssus, which gives out a characteristic offensive odor in living time, were analyzed by gas chromatography. 2. A large quantity of volatile sulfur compounds was detected in the flat-head; of which methyl mercaptan and/or dimethyl disulfide were judged to be responsible for the offensive odor. 3. The contents of methyl mercaptan and dimethyl disulfide were much higher in skin than in muscle and viscera.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Experimental and immunohistochemical studies on the cerebellar substance P of the rat: localization, postnatal ontogeny and ways of entry to the cerebellum.

With the indirect immunofluorescence technique, the localization (including the postnatal ontogeny) of substance P in the cerebellum, and the ways of entry of substance P-containing fibers into the cerebellum were explored. In the newborn rat cerebellum, dense fiber bands of axons with substance P-like immunoreactivity which can be traced to the lower brain stem are found. These fibers are also traceable to the developing granular cell layer. Two weeks after birth, however, substance P-containing structures seen in the cerebellum begin to decrease progressively and in the cerebellum of the adult rats, only a small amount of substance P-containing structures is observed. The present study established that substance P-containing fibers are mostly derived from extracerebellar substance P-containing cells and demonstrated the presence of three sites of entry of these substance P-containing fibers to the cerebellum, via (1) the inferior cerebellar peduncle, (2) the fasciculus uncinatus and (3) the middle cerebellar peduncle, respectively. Following deafferentation of the cerebellum, substance P-accumulating fibers are observed only ventral to the lesion (i.e. on the brain stem side), while in the cerebellum a remarkable decrease of substance P-containing fibers is seen and no substance P-accumulating fibers are found dorsal to the lesion (cerebellar side).

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1982

Ontogeny of substance P-containing neuron system of the rat: immunohistochemical analysis--II. Lower brain stem.

Ontogeny of the substance P neuron system in the lower brain stem of the rat was investigated by means of the indirect immunofluorescence technique. Substance P-positive structures (cells and fibers) first appeared in the primordium of the ventral part of the nucleus tractus spinalis nervi trigemini (nVs), in the reticular formation between nucleus reticularis lateralis and nVs, and in the reticular formation between nVs and nucleus originis nervi facialis, respectively, at gestational day 14. After that time, substance P-positive structures made their appearance gradually in various areas of the lower brain stem. The present study demonstrates that substance P-positive structures appear at a very early ontogenetical stage, which suggests that substance P may play a role in the development of the lower brain stem in addition to its role as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

A new method of evaluating the postimperative negative variation (PINV).

The PINV has been widely applied to psychiatric investigations in which the definition of its abnormality depended on the visual evaluation without giving attention to its wave form. We have developed a new method of evaluating the PINV by applying the exponential regression correlation to raw and smoothed PINVs for the amplitude of the 15 points at the intervals of 70 msec. The significant correlation between the PINV wave form and the exponential curve was observed both in the raw and smoothed PINVs. Coefficient A was positively correlated with the PINV duration quantified by a visual measurement. Coefficients A and B had the negative and positive correlation with the CNV magnitude. The findings obtained in 28 healthy subjects suggest that the PINV may correlate to the CNV magnitude.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Melancholia and excessive CNV recovery after nonresponse condition.

The effect of nonresponse on the Cz-CNV recovery was studied in 13 depressed patients on the hypothesis that the excessive CNV recovery had a relation to melancholia. The depressed patients had a significantly small Control CNV area before the nonresponse as compared with a matched group of healthy controls. The dysthymic patients by the Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) showed a significantly smaller Control CNV area than the non-dysthymic patients. Melancholic patients who met the DSM-III criteria had a significantly longer control reaction time and more excessive CNV recovery than the non-melancholics. The excessive CNV recovery is useful as a predictor for melancholia, and the motivational facilitation and preparatory motor inhibition underlying the psychomotor retardation and hence "endogenous process" were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Four different monoclonal antibodies against type C1 toxin of Clostridium botulinum.

Monoclonal antibodies against type C1 toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum type C strain Stockholm (C-ST) were prepared by fusion of BALB/c myeloma cells P3X63-Ag8, with spleen cells from the mice immunized by C-ST toxoid. About 5% of single-cell colonies in wells were found to produce antibodies against the toxin as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Four different hybridoma cell lines, no. 9, 12, 14, and 17, were established, cloned by limiting dilution, and intraperitoneally injected into mice to obtain the ascites fluids containing high-titered antibodies. The reactions of these antibodies to type C1 and D toxins of strains C-ST, D-1873, and D-South African (D-SA) were observed by both neutralization and ELISA tests. Three monoclonal antibodies, no. 9, 14, and 17, reacted with C-ST toxin, but only no. 17 highly neutralized the toxin. These antibodies did not react with type D toxins. On the contrary, no. 12 reacted with toxins of both C-ST and D-SA (but not of D-1873) and commonly neutralized these two toxins. This indicates that there is a common antigenic part between C-ST and D-SA toxin molecules which participates in the toxin-neutralizing reaction. The neutralization profiles of C-ST toxin by no. 12 and 17 antibodies were different in a time-to-death test of mice. The mechanisms of neutralization by no. 12 and 17 may be different.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Phagocytosis of colloidal carbon in perfused liver of rats and rabbits.

A constant-flow, nonrecirculating system was used to study the extraction efficiency of colloidal carbon in the perfused liver of rats and rabbits. In both species, a diminution in perfusate flow produced an increased extraction efficiency. The extraction efficiency also increased with a decrease in the carbon concentration of the perfusate. In identical conditions regarding the flow rate and carbon concentration, the perfused liver of the rabbits showed a relatively lower phagocytic efficiency than that of the rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Different susceptibilities of cultured mouse cell lines to mouse interferon.

Cultured mouse cells were treated with 3.3 approximately 10,000 units of mouse interferononon for 3 days and further cultivated in fresh medium for 2 days (recovery incubation). The IC50 (concentration of drug required for 50% inhibition) of interferon was not changed much after the recovery incubation. The most susceptible cell line to interferon was B16 melanoma; the IC50 was 10.5 units per ml of medium on day 3 after the start of treatment. P388 leukemic cells, Lewis lung carcinoma cells, and colon adenocarcinoma 38 cells were moderately susceptible to interferon and the IC50s of these cell lines were 200, 80, and 180 units per ml medium, respectively, on day 3. The cells least susceptible to interferon were those of colon adenocarcinoma 26; IC50 was greater than 10,000 units per ml. In the recovery incubation, the growth of B16 melanoma cells, P388 leukemic cells, Lewis lung carcinoma cells and colon adenocarcinoma 38 cells was considerably inhibited when these cells were treated with more than 100 approximately, 1,000 units of interferon per ml medium. The rate of multiplication was usually more than 1 for these cell lines, except for Lewis lung carcinoma cells where the rate of multiplication was less than 1. This indicates that interferon is not cytocidal towards B16 melanoma cells, P388 leukemic cells, or colon adenocarcinoma 38 cells, but mouse interfer is cytocidal towards Lewis lung carcinoma cells when the cells are treated with a relatively high concentration of interferon and then cultured in the medium without interferon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin as a potential new antitumor agent.

Chemotherapy with 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP-ADM), a new derivative of Adriamycin, was equally or more effective against several experimental mouse tumors than it was with Adriamycin (ADM). When mice with P388 leukemia were given i.p. injections of THP-ADM or ADM daily for 9 consecutive days, the maximum increases in life span (ILSs) of the mice were 190 and 175%, respectively. Eight of 24 mice treated with THP-ADM were free of tumor, while one of 24 mice treated with ADM was free of tumor. A single i.p. injection of either drug was also effective; maximum ILS was 170% for mice treated with THP-ADM and 240% for those treated with ADM. Nine of 12 mice were found to be free of tumor. THP-ADM was equally or slightly more effective against P388 leukemia than was ADM when either drug was given i.v. The maximum ILS was 106% with THP-ADM and 77% with ADM when the drug was given for 9 consecutive days. Single i.v. injections of THP-ADM or ADM were almost equally (ILS, 100%) effective. Chemotherapy with THP-ADM was also very effective against L1210 leukemia. THP-ADM administered i.p. five times, every other day starting from Day 1, was more effective than ADM was against Lewis lung carcinoma, B16 melanoma, and colon adenocarcinoma 38 inoculated s.c. In the study with Lewis lung carcinoma, metastasis to the lungs was well suppressed by THP-ADM. ADM was more effective than was THP-ADM against colon adenocarcinoma 26. Because THP-ADM was more cytotoxic than or almost equally as cytotoxic as ADM against the established cell lines from the above mouse tumors, we suggest that THP-ADM is more efficiently transported into cultured cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Enzyme catalyzation of the deacylation of N4-acyl derivatives of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in the mouse liver microsome.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of acylamide of N4-acyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine was studied. The highest enzyme activity among various homogenates from mouse tissues, as expressed by specific activity, was found in liver homogenate. More than 50% of the activity in the liver was found in the microsomal fraction. The hydrolysis products of N4-palmitoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine by microsomal enzyme were identified stoichiometrically as 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine and palmitic acid. The microsomal enzyme showed an optimum pH at 9.0 in Tris-HCl buffer. Michaelis constant for N4-palmitoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine was 2.5 X 10(-5) M. The enzyme did not require divalent cations for the reaction. Mn2+ and Co2+ at 1 mM strongly inhibited the reaction. The relative rates of hydrolysis of N4-palmitoyl-, N4-stearoyl-, N4-lauroyl-, N4-butyryl-, and N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine were 100, 47.6, 31.3, 15.9, and 9.1, respectively. The enzyme might play an important role in the formation of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine from N4-acyl derivatives of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1982

Increased accumulation of vincristine and adriamycin in drug-resistant P388 tumor cells following incubation with calcium antagonists and calmodulin inhibitors.

Some calcium antagonists and calmodulin inhibitors enhance the intracellular levels of vincristine and Adriamycin in vincristine- and Adriamycin-resistant P388 leukemia cells by inhibiting their outward transport. The high intracellular drug accumulation was directly related to the enhancement of the cytotoxicity of the antitumor agents, and the vincristine and Adriamycin resistance in these cells was circumvented.

Animals↗