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Biomedical subjects

H Ichinose

Publications and source records attributed to H Ichinose.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Tissue-specific alternative splicing of the first exon generates two types of mRNAs in human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase.

Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase (AADC) is an enzyme that plays an essential role in synthesizing catecholamines and serotonin in neuronal and endocrine tissues. AADC has also been detected in other nonneuronal tissues including liver and kidney, although its physiological role in nonneuronal tissues has not yet been defined. Previously we have cloned a human AADC cDNA from a neuronal tissue (pheochromocytoma) [Ichinose, H., Kurosawa, Y., Titani, K., Fujita, K., & Nagatsu, T. (1989) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 164, 1024-1030] and the corresponding genomic DNA [Sumi-Ichinose, C., Ichinose, H., Takahashi, E., Hori, T., & Nagatsu, T. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 2229-2238]. Here we present isolation and characterization of AADC cDNA and genomic DNA from a nonneuronal tissue (human liver). The nonneuronal and neuronal AADC mRNAs differed only in the region corresponding to the untranslated first exon. The first exon for the nonneuronal-type mRNA was located 4.2 kilobases upstream to that for the neuronal-type mRNA and 22 kilobases from exon 2, to which it is spliced. Determination of the transcription initiation site indicated that the length of the nonneuronal-type exon 1 was 200 bp. A TATA box-like motif was located between positions -26 and -20 from the transcription initiation site. These results showed that an alternative usage of the first exon in the 5'-untranslated regions produces two types of mRNAs in AADC and suggested that alternative splicing would regulate the tissue-specific expression of AADC.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1979

The potential histogenic relationship of the peripheral nerve to synovioma.

The belief that synoviomas differentiate from the synovial membrane has been widely accepted. Absolute proof is lacking, mainly because precancerous synovial atypia has not been documented in human tissue. During the last 50 years, pain has emerged as one of the significant features of synovioma, occurring very early in the course of the disease in some patients. Gross relationship to nerve, cumulative histological data, and theoretical relationships with three other cancers of neural origin suggest the nerve sheath as an alternate parent tissue for synovioma. Three cases illustrating nerve involvement are included.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cutaneous pain without tumor: a manifestation of occult synovioma.

A thirty-four year old male presented with severe spot tenderness for eighteen months, situated in the right upper anterior thigh. The skin was normal. No tumor, swelling, or inflammation was found. On the basis of a clinical diagnosis of glomus tumor, the area was biopsied and a microscopic synovioma was documented in the fascia just deep to the subcutis. From the literature, it is apparent that approximately 20 percent of the patients with this cancer go through a pretumor phase characterized by only sustained pain or tenderness. By detecting the lesion in this phase, the dermatologist can contribute substantially to an increased cure rate, which has lingered at about 50 percent for at least ten years.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Mikulicz disease and subsequent lupus erythematosus development.

In a 12-year-old boy with clinical and histologic features of Mikulicz disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed two years later. Atrophic plaques and nodules in the skin along with substantial increase in salivary gland enlargement characterized the onset of SLE. There was lack of renal and joint manifestations, and no evidence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca or xerostomia was seen. Histopathologic changes in the skin lesions included mucinous infiltrates, chronic vasculitis, and dermal-epidermal junction findings typical of SLE. Direct immunofluorescene studies of skin lesions and normal-appearing skin showed granular deposition of immunoglobulins and complement at the dermal-epidermal junction zone. Level of anti-DNA antibodies was noticeably elevated, and the serum C3 value was depressed. The patient's response to systemic corticosteroid therapy was dramatic.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Syphilitic proctitis.

Two adult male homosexuals with syphilitic proctitis and without any detectable anal lesions are reported. There was no history or evidence of an external primary chancre in either patient. Of note, one had extensive rectal involvement of the first 20 cm and the other had multiple sites involved. One patient developed severe rectal bleeding following biopsy and a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction after the first penicillin injection. Salient features of the literature are reviewed and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cellular immune responses in guinea pigs immunized with cell walls of Histoplasma capsulatum prepared by several different procedures.

Since guinea pigs immunized with water-washed cell walls of Histoplasma capsulatum developed cellular immune responses detectable with cytoplasmic substances, attempts were made to determine whether cytoplasmic contamination of the walls was responsible for the induction of the immune response. Cell walls were treated by several procedures designed to remove possible contamination, namely, extraction with lipid solvents, incubation with proteolytic enzymes, and washing with sodium dodecyl sulfate, and each of the treated preparations was compared with water-washed walls for its ability to induce cellular responses demonstrable with cytoplasmic substances. For comparison, wall glycoprotein was also used as a test antigen. Immune responses were assessed by gross and histological examinations of skin test sites and by assays for the production of migration inhibition factor. A portion of the material inducing the response detectable with cytoplasmic substances was apparently removed or altered by each of the purifying procedures. The cellular immune responses to wall glycoprotein were also altered, however, indicating that more than the mere removal of cytoplasmic substances had occurred. On the basis of the data collected from each of the cellular assays involving wall glycoprotein as the test antigen, the hypothesis is proposed that sodium dodecyl sulfate altered or removed protein from the wall and thus augmented its ability to induce a more intense immediate-type hypersensitivity, whereas incubation with Pronase altered the walls in such a way as to shift the balance toward a more intense delayed-type hypersensitivity. The latter effect was probably due to the removal of carbohydrate from the wall by glucanase or to mannosidase contaminating the Pronase preparation.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Plantar lentiginous melanoma: a distinctive variant of human cutaneous malignant melanoma.

The neoplastic system of human cutaneous melanoma includes three generaly recognized variants: lentigo maligna, superficial spreading melanoma, and nodular melanoma. Lentiginous melanomas other than lentigo maligna constitute a fourth group, of which plantar lentiginous melanoma qualifies as an anatomic subgroup. Histologically and clinically, plantar lentiginous melanoma (PLM) is characterized by a period of radial growth and often by one or more foci of regression. In 27 of 33 plantar melanomas, a characteristic lentiginous, radial component of melanocytic proliferation was noted. In the remaining six cases, histological material failed to document a radial component. Eighteen of the 27 patients with PLM were blacks, and 18 patients died of distant metastasis. Tumors invasive to level II did not metastasize, but at levels IV and V and in tumors with a high mitotic rate, the prognosis was poor. The presence of lymph node metastases at the time of initial therapy correlated with a poor prognosis group.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Lichen striatus: a model for the histologic spectrum of lichenoid reactions.

Three phases of lichenoid reactions are defined: 1) the primary phase, 2) the established phase; and 3) the senescent phase. Lichen striatus is characterized by a primary pattern that may be apparent in the epidermis, the hair follicles, and rarely the sweat glands and ducts. Focal areas of established lichenoid reaction, that are indistinguishable from lichen planus, are common. They usually are confined to the tips of elongated rete ridges. Established lichenoid patterns are occasionally present in hair follicles and are indistinguishable from those seen in lichen planopilaris. Eccrine hidradenitis, a feature of lichen striatus, is rarely seen in lichen planus. Lichen planus may be an adaptive epidermal response to a clone of aggressive lymphocytes and, as such, may be a manifestation of auto-immunity. In lichen striatus, senescent lichenoid patterns resemble those seen in lichen nitidus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Delayed hypersensitivity to 5-fluorouracil following topical chemotherapy of cutaneous cancers.

Skin tests to various common antigens, dinitrochlorobenzene, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were performed on patients being treated for cutaneous neoplasms with topical 5-FU cream. Eleven of 15 patients tested both before and after therapy converted from skin test negative to positive with respect to 5-FU. This conversion correlated with positive dinitrochlorobenzene skin tests and therapeutic cure. The relation between the induction of delayed hypersensitivity reactions to 5-FU following treatment with topical 5-FU and the cure rate for cutaneous neoplasms showed a trend toward correlation.

Administration, Topical↗