Biomedical subjects

H I Baylis

Publications and source records attributed to H I Baylis.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1986

The use of botulinum toxin in the medical management of benign essential blepharospasm.

Twenty-eight patients with mild or moderate cases of benign essential blepharospasm were treated with botulinum toxin Type A. Average follow-up was six months. The injection technique used on these patients is illustrated. The treatment was effective in virtually all patients treated, although transient; the mean interval of relief of spasm was approximately two and one-half months. Potential side effects include ptosis and epiphora. Botulinum toxin as an initial treatment or as an adjunct in postsurgical residual blepharospasm shows promise in this preliminary study.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Autogenous auricular cartilage grafting for lower eyelid retraction.

The authors discuss the surgical correction of lower eyelid retraction in dysthyroid, socket, and blepharoplasty patients. Sixty-three patients underwent a lateral canthal tightening combined with a vertical lengthening of the posterior lamella using autogenous posterior auricular cartilage. The average follow-up was for 2 years. We propose this combined procedure as the surgery of choice in the treatment of lower eyelid retraction seen in these three groups of patients.

Cartilage↗

PubMed1985

Bleeding in cosmetic blepharoplasty: an anatomical approach.

The complication of bleeding associated with cosmetic blepharoplasty was investigated by dissection of two fresh-frozen cadaver heads. The arteries were injected with Neoprene latex and dissection of the tissues encountered in blepharoplasty surgery was performed. From the study, three major components of the orbital and eyelid vascular system were felt to be important. These consisted of the individual tissue vascularity, the major arterial trunks in the region, and the connective tissue support of the arteries. Conclusions are reached regarding the prevention of bleeding associated with cosmetic blepharoplasty.

Arteries↗

PubMed1984

Levator injury during blepharoplasty.

Upper eyelid blepharoplasty has been increasing in popularity and complexity. New techniques involve deep dissection into the upper eyelid, with increased surgical risk to the levator complex. The resulting forms of trauma and subsequent ptosis commonly include direct injury, edema, hematoma, supratarsal fixation, and septal adhesion. Ptosis after blepharoplasty is common and, while spontaneous resolution occurs in some cases, other may require one of the suggested methods for treatment.

Blepharoptosis↗

PubMed1984

Enucleation with implantation of a proplast sphere.

Proplast, an inert carbon-Teflon alloplastic material, was tested as a primary spherical implant after unilateral enucleation in albino rabbits. The implants were removed at 3 months in three rabbits and at 6 months in the remaining three rabbits. Clinical observation confirmed a high degree of soft tissue fixation and no implant migration. The implant material submitted for light and electronmicroscopy showed extensive fibrovascular ingrowth throughout its matrix without encapsulation of the implant. Subsequent human use has shown good results in four patients followed for 2 years and an additional six patients followed for 1 year.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Penetrating orbital trauma.

A small number of patients suffer penetrating injury to the orbit in the absence of trauma to the globe. Hospital records from the Jules Stein Eye Institute and affiliated hospitals were reviewed to obtain such cases. Five cases of penetrating orbital trauma, in which the globe was spared, are discussed. Many of the injuries initially appeared trivial but subsequent complications were severe. A review of these cases suggests that the shape and speed of the penetrating object, the anatomical location of the entry wound, and the physical characteristics of intraorbital structures determine the character and severity of orbital injuries.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

The coronal brow lift.

We use a coronal brow lift to correct brow ptosis and associated forehead wrinkling. This technique eliminates the disadvantages of the traditional direct brow elevation, including scarring above the brow and failure to correct forehead and glabellar ptosis and wrinkling. The entire upper face is elevated as a unit, preserving the natural anatomy as much as possible. The scars are covered by hair. Eyebrow elevation and the final cosmetic results were satisfactory in all 22 cases in which we used this technique. There were no serious complications.

Eyebrows↗

PubMed1983

Cerebrospinal fluid leakage after dacryocystorhinostomy.

The authors have encountered two presumptive cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage associated with dacryocystorhinostomy. To understand better the pathophysiology, bilateral dacryocystorhinostomies and anatomic dissections were performed on three fresh cadaver specimens. The average distance from the superior bony nasal window to the floor of the anterior cranial fossa was 5.0 mm. The frontal sinus floor overlies the anterior portion of the nasal window, while the thinnest portion of cribriform plate overlies the posterior portion of the nasal window. A bony fracture of the anterior cranial fossa floor and/or cribriform plate resulted from (1) applying a rotational force to the Kerrison ronguer while enlarging the posterior nasal window or (2) fracturing an attenuated superior wall of an ethmoid air cell which has eroded into the orbital roof.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Obtaining auricular cartilage for reconstructive surgery.

The cartilage in the scaphoid fossa between the helix laterally and the antihelix medially provides excellent underlying support for soft-tissue eyelid and nasal reconstruction. After subcutaneous infiltration anesthesia is administered through both the anterior and posterior auricular skin, an incision is made along the posterior rim of the helix. A dissection plane between the perichondrium and skin exposes the cartilage. The cartilage is removed without incising the anterior skin surface. This technique is particularly useful in cicatricial entropion, upper or lower eyelid retraction, eyelid reconstruction, and socket reconstruction.

Ear Cartilage↗

PubMed1982

Parotid duct injury as a complication of differential seventh nerve ablation.

A 68-year-old man with intermittent blepharospasm complained of pain and induration after undergoing differential ablation of the seventh nerve. Because radiation therapy was ineffective, we inserted a 5-mm silicone tube into a serous cyst in the parotid gland. The induration subsided and the patient's recovery was uneventful.

Aged↗

PubMed1982

Complications at mucous membrane donor sites.

Full-thickness mucous membrane is an acceptable autogenous graft to replace the deficient conjunctiva resulting from intrinsic disease, surgical resection for carcinoma, or reconstruction of contracted sockets. The mouth provides an excellent source of mucous membrane graft material with few donor site complications. However, we encountered four cases of donor site complications after full-thickness mucous membrane grafting. All cases involved submucosal scarring with contracture. Because the inner aspect of the mouth is a multicontoured surface, the submucosal scarring resulted in web formation and limitation of movement of the mandible or lip. In two cases, we resected submucosal fibrotic scar tissue and designed a standard or multiple Z-plasty to release mucosal tension. This allowed a return to normal oral function.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Ocular motility problems after orbital decompression for dysthyroid ophthalmopathy.

Ocular motility problems of 50 consecutive patients following orbital decompression for dysthyroid (Graves') ophthalmopathy were analyzed retrospectively. No significant relationship to the development of postoperative diplopia was seen in the amount of retrodisplacement of the globe, the anatomical approach for orbital decompression, or the indication for decompression. Several clinical observations were made. Patients whose indication for orbital decompression was a vision-threatening ophthalmopathy were more likely (although not statistically significantly) to develop postoperative strabismus. Patients who developed changes in preoperative strabismus were more likely to develop increased esotropia and/or restrictive hypertropia. Of 32 patients who were orthotropic in the primary position before operation, 11 developed postoperative strabismus in the primary position. Only five patients had normal versions and ductions before operation. All five of these patients had normal versions and ductions after operation.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Cerebellar heterotopia in the orbit.

An infant with slowly progressive proptosis was found to have heterotopic cerebellum in her left orbit. Although cerebellar cell rests are common, to our knowledge none has been found previously in the orbit. It probably arose either from abnormal germ cell migration or from aberrant germ cell differentiation. Orbital heterotopia probably can be classified in the larger category of orbital encephaloceles because of similarities in presentation, clinical course, and treatment, although there can be differences in the embryologic mechanisms of their development.

Cerebellum↗

PubMed1980

Lower eyelid retraction after blepharoplasty.

We used a simple procedure to correct retraction of the lower eyelid after blepharoplasty. Through a lateral canthotomy skin incision, the retracting layer of tissue within the lower eyelid at the level of the orbital septum is lysed and the lower eyelid is elevated and fixed in the desired position by attaching a tongue of lateral canthal tendon and lateral tarsus to the lateral orbital rim under a posteriorly based periosteal flap.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

The transantral orbital decompression (Ogura technique) as performed by the ophthalmologist: a series of 24 patients.

Previous reports of transantral-ethmoidal orbital decompression (Ogura technique) have been published by head and neck surgeons. This is a series of patients who have been operated on and followed by the author, an ophthalmologist. The results, complications, and techniques involved in this surgery are discussed. The feasibility and desirability of the ophthalmologist performing this procedure are considered, as it is the ophthalmologist, who is best able to evaluate the indications, results, and complications of this operation. Finally this paper shows that the cosmetic disfigurement alone, associated with exophthalmos, is a valid indication for the performance of the transantral-ethmoidal decompression.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Severe enophthalmos following irradiation of the anophthalmic socket: surgical approaches.

The combination of enucleation plus irradiation often leads to a significant orbital volume loss and severe enophthalmos. Surgery for enophthalmos correction involves the replacement of intraorbital volume with autogenous or alloplastic material, either subperiorbitally, or in the muscle cone. Subperiorbital implants technically are easiest to perform, but implant absorption, migration, and other complications can be cosmetically unacceptable. Alternatively, approaching the muscle cone through a lateral subperiorbital dissection avoids trauma to the irradiated conjunctiva; allows easy access to the muscle cone for implantation of silicone spheres glass beads, or RTV silicone; and provides an excellent cosmetic result.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Tarsal grafting for correction of cicatricial entropion.

A technique of tarsal grafting was used as a simple yet effective procedure for the correction of upper-lid cicatricial entropion. A tarsal graft, 3 to 4 mm in height, excised from the superior tarsus of the donor upper eyelid and placed in a marginal tarsotomy, vertically expands the posterior lamella of the involved lid. This graft also provides a base for suture fixation of the everted lid margin. One case of unilateral cicatricial entropion corrected with a contralateral tarsal graft and one case of bilateral cicatricial entropion corrected by ipsilateral tarsal grafting demonstrate results obtained with this technique. Functional and cosmetically satisfactory results have been achieved with this technique. No recurrence of cicatricial entropion has been noted. With this procedure, tarsus provides excellent graft material for correction of the eyelid deformities associated with cicatricial entropion.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Repair of the lacerated canaliculus.

There are various techniques used to repair a lacerated canaliculus. Successful functional results are obtained with the use of soft silicone tubing as a canalicular stent. One such technique used by the authors is described.

Eye Injuries↗