Biomedical subjects

H Hsu

Publications and source records attributed to H Hsu.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Autoradiographic study of the attrition of migrating schistosomula in the skin of mice. II. Mice challenged with normal S. mansoni cercariae after immunization with highly irradiated cercariae.

The migratory pattern and attrition of 75Se-labelled S. mansoni challenge cercariae in CF1 mice immunized 0, 1, 3, or 5 times with 12kR- or 48kR-irradiated cercariae were investigated by compressed organ autoradiography. Mice were percutaneously inoculated with 500-1000 cercariae for each immunization and with a known count of approximately 90 cercariae at a different site for challenge. The skin, lungs, liver, other organs, and carcass were processed for autoradiography. Hepatic and mesenteric perfusions for worm collection were also sampled from day 19 through 34. In naive mice, 25% of challenge cercariae died in the skin. Skin attrition of challenge cercariae in mice immunized with 12kR-irradiated cercariae was 43% with 1 immunization, 54% with 3, and 58% with 5, whereas in mice immunized with 48kR-irradiated cercariae, skin attrition was 48% with 1, 63% with 3, and 76% with 5 immunizations. In all immunized mice, a high percentage of migrating schistosomula died in the skin within 24 hours of a challenge infection. Utilizing autoradiography, it was found that the silver foci created by single labelled worms were difficult to differentiate from those of paired worms. This study documents the induction of acquired resistance against a challenge infection in the skin by vaccination with highly irradiated cercariae, with the degree of attenuation of immunizing cercariae and the number of immunizations being closely related to the attrition rate in the skin. Finally, we discuss the contradictory views concerning the site of attrition of challenge cercariae.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Complications of colostomies and colostomy closure].

Three hundred and sixty patients underwent 369 colostomies over 7 years, 66 for benign and 303 for malignant disease, and were followed up for an average of 20 months. Stomas were made electively in 246 cases and urgently in 123. Thirty-seven stomas were brought out through incision and 332 from separate sites. End colostomy was made in 179 cases, loop colostomy in 136 and double barrel colostomy in 54. There were 102 complications in 85 patients (27.6%). The most common complication was wound infection (10.8%). The total number of complications was not related to the urgency of the procedure, the disease process, or the stoma site. Wound infection, however, increased in incisional stomas. Extraperitoneal tunneling of end colostomy did not decrease the complication rate of parastomal hernia or intestinal obstruction. Sixteen cases (4.3%) received another operation for complications. Eighty-five patients the colostomy closed on an average of 3.4 months after its creation. Four patients had 5 complications (5.9%). Two patients required another operation. Complications increased with Hartmann closures and may be related to the timing of the colostomy closure.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Some stochastic models of AIDS spread.

In this paper we propose a stochastic model for the AIDS spread in a homosexual population. The probability generating function (PGF) of the numbers of latent persons, infective persons and AIDS cases is derived. By using the PGF, it is shown that the expected numbers and variances and covariances of these persons satisfy some ordinary differential equations. These equations have been solved numerically to assess effects of various factors on AIDS spread.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1989

Survival on dialysis therapy: one center's experience.

Patient survival while undergoing renal replacement therapy was evaluated from January 1, 1967, through June 15, 1986. There were 1,216 patients, of which 230 were treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), 150 by home hemodialysis (HHD), and the remainder by dialysis in a free-standing dialysis facility (LCD). Covariate analysis found that patient survival on dialysis therapy was not influenced by race, sex, or marital status. Patients more than 60 years of age and patients with renal failure secondary to diabetes mellitus or hypertension had the worst survival on dialysis. Patients entering into CAPD were associated with diminished survival when compared to HHD but not to LCD. The ability of the initial dialysis technique to maintain a person on dialysis was not different when patients were matched for age, race, and etiology of renal failure. Only a randomized prospective trial will answer the question as to whether continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis can maintain a patient at home as long as home hemodialysis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Treatment of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma with fluorouracil and high-dose leucovorin: a pilot study.

In Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, 25 patients with metastatic or recurrent colorectal adenocarcinoma were treated with a 5-day course of 5-FU (370 mg/M2/d) and high dose leucovorin (200mg/M2/d), repeated every 28 days until a progression of disease was evident. Twenty-one patients had evaluate tumor response. Among the 16 patients with measurable disease, three patients achieved partial response (PR), and their response durations were 2 months, 6 months and 6+ months. Five patients had stable disease (SD) for 4,4,6,7, and 10 months before its progression. Among the 5 patients with documented abdominal carcinomatosis, four remained stable without any progression for 5,6,12 and 12 months after treatment. The overall response rate was 57% (3PRS, 9SDs). Seven of the 12 responders had prior 5-FU exposure. Nine patients had progressive disease and 7 of them died within a few months after the start of treatment. The median duration of response was 6.7 months. The median survival for responders was 9.8 months, and for non-responders, 3.7 months. Performance status (PS) was a main determinant of response. Among the patients with PS = 0 (6 patients), there were 2 PRs and 4 SDs and with PS = 1 (8 patients), 1PR and 4 SDs. When PS = 2 or 3 (7 patients), only 2 SDs were noted. All the 25 patients were put into toxicity test to find in a mild to moderate, easily controlled state. There were 3 (12%) patients with grade 2-3 mucositis, 6 (24%) with grade 2 diarrhea, 13 (50%) with nausea and vomiting. Only 3 cases developed leucopenia but without thrombocytopenia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1989

Anal manometric studies in hemorrhoids and anal fissures.

Manometry study with the use of continuous water perfusion system was performed for 50 patients with Grade III or IV hemorrhoids and for 29 patients with chronic anal fissure. Another 36 patients who did not have any anorectal symptom or pathology were chosen as the control group. The maximal basal pressures for the control, the hemorrhoid, and the chronic anal fissure groups were 71.2 +/- 24.9, 85.3 +/- 27.7 and 87.4 +/- 38.8 mmHg respectively; the maximal contraction pressures for the control, the hemorrhoid and the fissure groups were 132.9 +/- 44.9, 158.8 +/- 58.0 and 162.1 +/- 64.5 mmHg; while the lengths of the functional sphincter of the three groups were 3.7 +/- 0.5, 3.8 +/- 0.8 and 3.9 +/- 0.6 cm respectively. The maximal basal pressures and the maximal contraction pressures of the hemorrhoid and fissure patients were significantly greater than those of the control group; whereas the functional sphincter lengths of the three groups did not show significant difference.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Postoperative leakage of rectal cancer after EEA stapled anastomoses--analysis of 196 cases].

A retrospective analysis was conducted in 196 consecutive patients who received restorative resection for rectal cancer with EEA stapled anastomoses between 1983 and 1987, and with no proximal protective colostomy or any previous surgical treatment. The data of each case, including age, sex, body weight, tumor location, operative time and blood loss, were analyzed statistically between postoperative leakage group and the non-leakage group. The details of EEA instrumentation included the completeness of donut tissue, presentation of intraoperative leakage and hand-sewn anastomotic repairment. There were three (1.5%) cases of operative mortality. The anastomosis-related complications were 13 cases of imperfect EEA donut, eleven cases of intraoperative leakage and seven cases of post-operative leakage. Significant differences were found between the two groups, as shown by the Mean-Whitney U test and Chi-square test, in blood loss, tumor location, operative method and instrumentation of EEA stapler.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Evaluation of rapid colon preparation by oral intake of dulcolax for colorectal surgery].

The optimal result of colorectal surgery is best achieved by adequate preoperative colon preparation, which should be simple, safe, rapid, and thoroughly clean with little or no discomfort at all for patients. Conventional mechanical preparation, though effective, is time-consuming and unpleasant for patients, therefore new methods have been frequently presented in recent literature to meet the above ideal. A prospective and randomized study was conducted to evaluate preoperative colon preparation in elective, nonobstructive colorectal surgery. Group I included 32 patients who received three-day diet control and enema, while group II included 42 patients who received one-day diet control and oral dulcolax. Both groups were given systemic antibiotics. The result favored group II because of its significantly less abdominal fullness, but the electrolyte change and bacteriologic study revealed no significant difference between two groups. Neither did they exhibit variance in the adequacy of bowel cleansing (81.3% in group I vs 81% in group II). It is therefore suggested that, without enema and with less abdominal fullness, oral dulcolax should be encouraged for colon preparation in colorectal surgery.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1988

Localization of the insulin-binding site to the cysteine-rich region of the insulin receptor alpha-subunit.

Affinity-purified insulin receptor was photoaffinity labeled with a cleavable radioactive insulin photoprobe. Exhaustive digestion of the labeled alpha-subunit with endoproteinase Glu-C produced a major radioactive fragment of 23 kDa as a part of the putative insulin-binding domain. This fragment could contain either residues 205-316 or 518-633 of the alpha-subunit. Rat hepatoma cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells were transfected with cDNA encoding a human insulin receptor mutant with a deletion of the cysteine-rich region spanning amino acid residues 124-319. Insulin binding by these cells was not increased in spite of high numbers of the mutant insulin receptors being expressed. A panel of monoclonal antibodies which was specific for the receptor alpha-subunit and inhibited insulin binding immunoprecipitated the photolabeled 23-kDa receptor fragment but not the receptor mutant. A synthetic peptide containing residues 243-251 was specifically bound by agarose-insulin beads. We therefore suggest that the 23-kDa fragment contains residues 205-316, and that insulin binding occurs, in part, in the cysteine-rich region of the alpha-subunit.

Affinity Labels↗

PubMed1987

One-stage operation for obstructing carcinomas of the left colon and rectum.

A consecutive series of 28 patients with acutely obstructing carcinomas of the left colon and rectum were encountered during the last three years. Two patients treated by loop colostomy only were excluded from the study. Fifteen patients received a one-stage operation of immediate resection and primary anastomosis without proximal colostomy. The remaining 11 patients were treated by a conventional staged operation. The operative mortality and complications were similar in both groups. The duration of hospital stay in the former was half of that in the latter. Of nine patients treated by subtotal or total colectomy with primary anastomosis, the average number of bowel movements three months after surgery was 1.8 per day. Intraoperative colonic irrigation was performed in five patients of the one-stage group and permitted a safe primary anastomosis. The immediate results of the one-stage operation were surprisingly good. The authors propose it as the treatment of choice for the majority of patients with obstructing carcinomas of the left colon and rectum.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Experimental en bloc double-lung transplantation.

A technique of en bloc double-lung transplantation through a median sternotomy has been developed. Hypothermic circulatory arrest was used after surface cooling in 7 puppies (mean weight, 3.1 kg; range, 1.5 to 4.1 kg). A double lung block, consisting of the two lungs, distal trachea, the main pulmonary artery, and a large cuff of left atrium, was removed from weight-matched donors. After the arrest of the circulation by inflow occlusion, bilateral pneumonectomies were performed in the recipient. The donor double-lung block was then implanted with anastomoses at the distal trachea, the posterior left atrium, and the main pulmonary artery. All animals were successfully rewarmed and had excellent hemodynamic function and gas exchange for periods of up to 24 hours. If primate experiments with long-term survival confirm these initial results, this procedure may have a role in the treatment of patients with end-stage respiratory disease but acceptable cardiac function.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Cloning and analysis of integrated hepatitis virus sequences from a human hepatoma cell line.

We report here the isolation by molecular cloning and the analysis by heteroduplex and restriction enzyme mapping of seven distinct DNA fragments containing hepatitis B virus (HBV) sequences from genomic DNA of the PLC/PRF/5 human liver carcinoma cell line (the Alexander cell). No intact full-length HBV genomes were present. Three different patterns of organization of HBV fragments were detected. These included two linear fragments without detectable rearrangement, three other HBV fragments with internal deletions, and two HBV fragments containing long inverted duplications. HBsAg sequences are preferentially included in the integrated fragment, whereas the core gene is preferentially eliminated. Several of the integrated HBV fragments might act as templates for the synthesis of functional HBsAg mRNA, whereas only one clone could produce a full core antigen transcript.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1984