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Biomedical subjects

H Hosojima

Publications and source records attributed to H Hosojima.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Unresponsiveness of plasma mineralocorticoids to angiotensin II in diabetic patients with asymptomatic normoreninemic hypoaldosteronism.

offlated hypoaldosteronism with or without hyperkalemia in patients with diabetes mellitus has been shown to exist occasionally without hyporeninemia. To assess in detail the adrenal function in this disorder, the responses of plasma aldosterone (PA) and its precursor steroids to angiotensin II (AII) infusion and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) injection were studied in seven patients with asymptomatic normoreninemic hypoaldosteronism (ANH) and 11 age-matched normal subjects. The ANH diabetic patients had, by definition, a low PA level after furosemide (80 mg orally) plus upright posture (4 hours) stimulation, low PA and high plasma renin activity (PRA) increases after the stimulation (a low delta PA/delta PRA ratio), and normokalemia. Plasma inactive renin and the inactive renin/total renin ration were similar in the ANH diabetic patients and in the normal subjects. Under the pre-AII condition, plasma DOC and corticosterone levels tended to be low, and the plasma 18-OHB and PA levels were low in the ANH diabetic patients compared with the normal subjects. The ratio of plasma 18-OHB to PA was similar in the two groups. All infusion produced no increases in plasma 18-OHB and PA in the ANH diabetic patients, whereas the infusion caused dose-dependent increases in these steroids in the normal subjects. Plasma DOC and corticosterone levels remained unchanged during AII infusion in the two groups. ACTH injection produced appropriate PA increases relative to the basal PA in the two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

18-Hydroxycorticosterone↗
PubMed1984

Adrenal adenoma with 18-hydroxycorticosterone excess and hypertension: a variant of aldosteronomas.

A 46-year-old woman with hypertension, normokalemia, suppressed renin, normal catecholamines, and a left adrenal mass on the CT scan was found to have excessive 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OHB) and normal aldosterone levels in plasma, both of which responded poorly to sodium restriction and angiotension II, and supranormally to ACTH. Plasma 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone (18-OHDOC) was normal. After adrenalectomy, amelioration from hypertension occurred with a reduction in plasma 18-OHB and aldosterone. The plasma 18-OHDOC remained normal. The adrenal tumor was histologically an adenoma, containing a large amount of 18-OHB and a small amount of aldosterone. Thus, the present adenoma seems to be a variant of aldosteronomas.

18-Hydroxycorticosterone↗
PubMed1984

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) type II and selective hypoaldosteronism in a patient with retinitis pigmentosa.

A 53-year-old man with retinitis pigmentosa, who had two years' complaints of general malaise and muscle weakness, noticed occasional attacks of the cramps of the lower legs about three months prior to admission. At that time, hypocalcemia (7.6 mg/dl) and hyperphosphatemia (5.2 mg/dl) were pointed out. On admission, serum potassium was high-normal or high (4.4 - 4.9 mEq/l). Endocrinological studies revealed the findings of pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) type II, including a normal urinary cyclic AMP but blunted phosphaturic response to synthetic human parathyroid hormone (PTH), a high level of serum amino-terminal fragment of PTH with a low level of serum calcium and its ionized form, and a high-normal level of nephrogenous cyclic AMP. This patient also had selective hypoaldosteronism, as shown by intermittent hyperkalemia, low plasma and urinary levels of aldosterone and normal glucocorticoid levels. Plasma renin activity was normal but responded to a greater extent to furosemide plus upright posture. Plasma aldosterone was low and responded poorly to furosemide plus upright posture and graded angiotensin II infusions. The possible explanations for the association of PHP type II and selective hypoaldosteronism in this patient with retinitis pigmentosa are discussed.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1983

[Thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency in a family].

Partial thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) deficiency in a family is described. A 43-year-old male was admitted because of the association of low thyroxine level but markedly elevated triiodothyronine resin-uptake despite his complaints of palpitation and excessive sweating. TBG was low (6 micrograms/ml) by radioimmunoassay. His free thyroxine level was normal. 123I uptake at 24 hours was normal and was suppressed following oral administration of triiodothyronine. Serum TSH level was normal and responded normally to TRH stimulation. Similar low level (6 micrograms/ml) in TBG was found in his elder brother who had no complaints. Another brother and 3 sisters had normal TBG levels. According to the classification of the TBG deficiency proposed by Barbosa et al., a family described here is considered to have the type II TBG deficiency which shows a much lower TBG level in male than in female with X-linked inheritance.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[2 cases of Hashitoxicosis with histological features of adenomatous goiter].

Two male patients with 'Hashitoxicosis', who revealed histologic pictures of adenomatous goiter in addition to findings of chronic thyroiditis, are described. Case 1. A 55-year-old man was admitted on May 7, 1981, for evaluation of hyperthyroidism. He had exophthalmos with positive Moebius and von Graefe's signs, and a firm, asymmetrically enlarged non tender thyroid gland with multiple cysts. The BMR was +60%, T4 26.4 micrograms/dl, free T4 7.2 ng/dl, T3 5.62 ng/ml and 24 hr radioiodine uptake 49.5%. TSH was undetectable and did not respond to TRH. 123I scan showed multiple defects in the bilateral upper poles of the thyroid gland. Antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies were positive. He then underwent a total thyroidectomy with removal of multinodular goiter. The mutinodular goiter was associated with cystic degeneration which contained the thyroid hormone-rich fluid. Histologic examination revealed multiple adenomatous nodules and lymphocytic infiltration and degeneration in the surrounding tissues of the nodules. Case 2. A 43-year-old man was admitted on May 14, 1975, because of an 8 month history of hand tremor, weight loss (5 kg), facial and upper palpebral edema and an enlarged thyroid. He had mild exophthalmos and a firm, asymmetrically enlarged thyroid gland with multiple nodules. The BMR was +35%, T4 20.0 micrograms/dl, T3(Resomat) 0.78 ng/ml and PBI 20.0 micrograms/dl. TSH was 1.0 muU/ml and responded slightly to TRH. 24 hr radioiodine uptake was 84.4% and did not respond to T3 administration. Antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies were positive. 123I scan showed diffusely increased uptake and no defects. Histologic examination of the biopsy specimen of the thyroid gland showed multiple adenomatous nodules in addition to typical findings of chronic thyroiditis in the surrounding tissues of the nodules. From the above observations, it is suggested that multiple adenomatous nodules accompanying chronic thyroiditis show clinical features resembling Basedow's disease rather than Plummer's disease.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Responsiveness of plasma aldosterone to angiotensin II in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Aldosterone responsiveness to angiotensin II (A II) was evaluated in 65 diabetic patients with and without various diabetic complications versus 38 age-matched non-diabetic subjects. Plasma aldosterone (PA), together with plasma renin activity (PRA), was low and responded poorly to furosemide (80 mg, orally) plus upright posture (4 hours) stimulation in diabetic patients. When the PA response to stimulation relative to PRA response was estimated from the ratio of PA increase to PRA increase after stimulation (delta PA/delta PRA), the 38 non-diabetic subjects had ratios more than 3.0. Of the 65 diabetic patients, 48 had normal delta PA/delta PRA ratios (more than 3.0) and 17 had low delta PA/delta PRA ratios (less than 2.9). Graded A II infusions (1, 2, and 4 ng/kg/min each for 30 min) were performed under a low sodium intake (sodium, 120 mEq/day) in 25 of the 65 diabetic patients, whose delta PA/delta PRA ratios were normal in 15 and low in 10, and in 16 non-diabetic subjects. The PA responses to the graded A II infusions in the normal delta PA/delta PRA diabetic patients were similar to those in the non-diabetic subjects. However, the PA responses to the graded A II infusions in the low delta PA/delta PRA diabetic patients were significantly lower. It is concluded that, although the majority of diabetic patients have normal aldosterone responsiveness to A II, some diabetic patients have blunted aldosterone responsiveness to A II probably attributable to the abnormality of the adrenal cortex in addition to the impaired renin secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Reversible hypertension caused by calcium overloading in a patient with postoperative hypoparathyroidism.

A 37-year-old woman with postoperative hypoparathyroidism had hypertension, and elevated plasma renin activity (PRA) and subsequent hyperaldosteronism during a two-month hypercalcemic period caused by vitamin D and excessive calcium supplements. The hypertension with elevated PRA, however, was resistant to the angiotensin II (AII) analog [Sar1, Ile8] ALL. PRA further increased and plasma aldosterone decreased in response to the [Sar1, Ile8] ALL. When the patient became normocalcemic, normotensive and normoreninemic, calcium gluconate (5 mg calcium/kg/h) was infused for one hour. The calcium infusion reproduced hypercalcemic hypertension mediated by an increase in total peripheral resistance. These observations suggest that the hypertension observed while taking vitamin D and excessive calcium supplements may be caused by a direct effect of calcium on peripheral blood vessels and the renin-angiotensin system may play a negligible role.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cell culture of rat gastric fundic mucosa.

The purpose of this study was to develop a primary cell culture system of rat gastric fundic epithelial cells. The cells, isolated enzymatically, were cultured in Coon's modified Ham's F-12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 15 mM HEPES buffer, fibronectin, and antibiotics. The inoculated cells started to grow rapidly on day 1 (doubling time, 26 h). The cells reached confluency on day 3. On phase contrast microscopy, over 90% of cells possessed epithelial characteristics. Histochemical studies showed (a) 90% of the epithelial cells contained PAS positive granules, (b) 5% of the cells gave a strong reaction for succinic dehydrogenase activity (presumably parietal cells), and (c) immunohistochemical localization of pepsinogen was negative. Ultrastructurally, microvilluslike structures, junctional complexes, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and mucous granules were observed. Mitotic figures were clearly observed on Giemsa staining and the mitotic index was maximum on day 2. Autoradiographic and biochemical studies showed these cells possessed the capability to synthesize deoxyribonucleic acid and this ability was maximum on day 2. These cells were able to synthesize and to secrete glycoprotein and this function was significantly increased by 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate produced by the cultured cells was enhanced by addition of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (p less than 0.01). This in vitro system provides a valuable model for studies of cellular functions of gastric mucosa.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical evaluation of thyroid functions in chronic hemodialysis patients (author's transl)].

In order to obtain more precise information on thyroid functions in renal failure, attempts were made to analyze the Hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis in the regulation of thyroid function. TRH levels and other thyroidal function tests were carried out on sera and urine from patients with renal failure and thyroid diseases. Analysis of TRH in serum and urine was performed by mass fragmentography using a GC-MS combined method. Fifteen out of 28 patients had enlarged thyroid glands, goiter in high prevalence. Thyroid function studies showed low serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine, and high serum thyrotropic hormone levels. Serum and urinary TRH in chronic renal failure were strikingly higher than the other thyroid diseases. There were negative correlations between RIA-T3, Resomat-T4 and serum and urinary TRH levels respectively. There was a negative correlation between serum TSH and serum TRH, but no significant correlation was noticed between serum TSH and urinary TRH levels. There was a high positive correlation between serum TRH and urinary TRH levels. From these findings, it is thought that serum and urinary TRH level values are a more reliable index for the clinical evaluation of thyroid functions in renal failure than the other sample under laboratory data. In patients with chronic hemodialysis, the prevalence of goiter is relatively high, and their thyroid functions are abnormal. However, the cause of the abnormalities is not clear. It is postulated that the possibility of a breakdown of compensation in the Hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis for the regulation of the thyroid function may be seen in chronic renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[A simple method for the simultaneous analysis of urinary homovanillic acid, vanilmandelic acid and 3, 4-dihydroxy mandeli acid by mass fragmentography (author's transl)].

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry makes possible the simultaneous measurement of homovanillic acid (HVA), vanilmandelic acid (VMA) and 3, 4-dihydroxy mandelic acid (DOMA) in 2ml urine samples. The equipment used was the Shimadzu LKB 9000 GC-MS (MID-PM). The TMSi derivatives of the compounds were analysed by the GC-MS system equipped with a 3ft. X 3mm column packed with 1.5% OV-1 and the temperature was programed from 130 degrees to 260 degrees C at 10 degrees C/min increments. The mass spectrum showed molecular ions at m/e 326, 414, and 472 which correspond to the TMSi derivatives of HVA, VMA AND DOMA respectively. The peaks at m/e 326 (HVA), 297 (VMA) and 355 (DOMA) were applied to avail themselves of simultaneous multiple ion analyses by GC-MS. As little as 1pg of the compounds injected into the column could be measured reproducibly. The sensitivity is of the order of pg or ng, and the linearity of the response is maintained up to at least 200ng. The procedure was simpler and less time consuming than previous methods. It consists of extraction of the free acid into ether followed by complete silylation of the phenolic, alcoholic and carboxylic acid group with bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide. Recoveried of HVA, VMA, DOMA added to urine were 93.8%, 71.2% and 23.6% respectively. The specificity of this method surpasses and cannot be compared to any other existing quantitative methods.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry↗
PubMed1977

[An improved method for the simultaneous analysis of norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine at the picogram level by mass fragmentography (author's transl)].

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry makes possible the simultaneous measurement of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and dopamine (DA) at the picogram level. The equipment used was the Shimadzu LKB 9000 GC-MS (MID-MD. The TFA derivatives of the compounds were analysed by the GC-MS system equipped with a 3ft X 3mm column packed with 1.5%OV-1 and the temperature was programed from 135 degrees to 260 degrees C at 10 degrees C/min increments. The mass spectrum showed molecular ions at m/e 552, 566 and 440 which corresponds to the TFA derivatives of NE, E and DA respectively. The base peaks of NE, E and DA were m/e 109, 140 and 328 respectively. The peaks at m/e 126 (NE and DA) and 140 (E) were applied to avail themselves of simultaneous multiple-ion analyses by mass fragmentography. As little as 4pg of the compounds injected into the column could be measured with good reproducibility, and the linearity of the response was maintained up to 120 pg. The sensitivity was of the order of ng or pg which enable quantitation with 1ml of human serum and urine sample. The procedures were simpler and less time consuming than previously reported methods. Recovery rates of NE, E and DA from serum were 25.7%, 13.7% and 76.1%, whereas those from urine were 100%, 89.6% and 100% respectively. The specificity of this method surpasses and cannot be compared to any other existing quantitative methods.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed1977

[Analysis of estrone, estradiol and estriol in serum and urine by mass fragmentography using GC-MS (author's transl)].

The first successful analysis of estrogens in serum and urine was performed by mass fragmentography using a GC-MS combined system. The equipment used was Shimadzu LKB 9000 GC-MS (MID-PM). The TMSi derivative of the compounds were analyzed using the GC-MS system equipped with a 3 ft x 3mm column packed with 1.5% OV-1 and the temperature was programed from 200 degrees to 260 degrees C at 10 degrees C/min increments. The mass spectrum showed molecular ions at m/e 342, 416 and 504 which correspond to the TMSi derivatives of Estrone (E-1), Estradiol (E-2) and Estriol (E-3) respectively. Molecular ion peak of each compound was applied to establish the precise quantitative evaluation of E-1, E-2 and E-3. 1) The minimum detectable limits of the compounds injected into the column were ca. 2 pg for E-1, E-2 and 5 pg for E-3 respectively. 2) The sensitivity was of the order of ng or pg which enables quantitation with 2 ml of human serum and urine samples obtained from normally ovulating women. 3) This method was very convenient for extracting the compounds from biological fluids, and the procedure can be carried out easily in a short time. 4) Mass fragmentography makes possible the simultaneous measurements of E-1, E-2 and E-3 in samples obtained from pregnant women.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Analysis of thyroid hormones in serum and urine by mass fragmentography using GC-MS].

The first successful analysis of iodine compounds in serum and urine by mass fragmentography using GC-MS combined system was performed. The equipment used was Shimadzu LKB 9000 GC-MS (MID-PM). The TMSi derivatives of the compounds were analyzed by GC-MS system equipped with a 3 ft X 3 mm column packed with 1% OV-1 and the temperature was programmed from 200 degrees to 320 degrees C at 10 degrees C/min. The mass specturm showed molecular ions at m/e 523, 649, 741, 867 and 993 which correspond to the TMSi derivatives of MIT, DIT, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The base peak at m/e 218 was applied to establish the precise quantitative evaluation of T4 and related compounds by mass fragmentography. The following results were obtained: 1) The minimum detectable limits of the compounds injected into the column were ca. 10 pg for MIT, DIT, 20pg for T2, 50pg for T3, and 500 pg for T4 respectively. 2) The sensitivity was of the order of ng or pg which enables quantitation with 1 ml of human serum and urine sample. 3) West's method was very convenient for extracting the compounds from biological fluids, and procedure can be carried out easily in a short time. The recovery rates were ca. 16.0% for MIT, 26.6% for DIT, 61.5% for T2, 71.6% for T3, and 85.1% for T4 respectively. 4) The ability to simultaneously analyze various iodoaminoacids is sure to be effectively utilized in studies to elucidate the relative importance of these hormones and their metabolic changes in various physioloigcal and pathological states of human beings.

Chromatography, Gas↗