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Biomedical subjects

H Hosoda

Publications and source records attributed to H Hosoda.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy for head and neck cancer].

There are 4 modalities of combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy which include (1) concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy, (2) sequential use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy (pre-radiation chemotherapy), (3) pre-radiation chemotherapy followed by concurrent radiation and chemotherapy, and (4) alternating use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy based upon Looney's hypothesis. We studied concurrent use of radiotherapy and UFT by means of animal experimentation and clinical trials. The results obtained revealed that UFT was a most suitable agent together with 5-fluorouracil for concurrent application of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy including pre-radiation chemotherapy was also studied in cases of maxillary sinus carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. From the results, it seemed desirable to use cisplatin and bleomycin analogs sequentially in combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy should be studied successively to improve local tumor control rates and prevent distant metastases. For future perspectives, new trials of alternating radiotherapy and chemotherapy based upon Looney's hypothesis seem necessary.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Radical excision followed by reconstruction of recurrent cancers of the head and neck].

Various modalities of treatment for recurrent cancers of the head and neck were studied and discussed, focusing especially on radical excision followed by reconstruction. Thirty-two patients with recurrent cancer of the head and neck were given this treatment over a 12-year period. Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap was most commonly used for reconstruction, while free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap with microneurovascular anastomosis was used for total cheek defect after surgery for cancer of the maxillary sinus. Five-year survival was 62% in cases of radical excision followed by reconstruction. Simple resection of recurrent lesions was conducted in 36 cases and the 5-year survival was also 62%. Radical neck dissection was performed in 22 cases in which cervical node metastases developed after control of the primary tumor, and the 5-year survival was 52%. On the other hand, the 5-year survival was not obtained in cases treated with radiotherapy alone in this series, while the 5-year survival was only 1% in cases treated with chemotherapy alone. It was concluded that surgery was the most reliable treatment for recurrent cancers of the head and neck, and that radical excision followed by reconstruction played an important role as salvage surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Fluorescence and chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassays of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone in dried blood spotted on filter paper.

Enzyme immunoassays for 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) were developed. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP), glucose oxidase (GOD), invertase (INV) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) were used as label enzymes. Double antibody coated beads or tubes were used for separating the bound and free fractions. Antisera used were prepared by using 4-carboxyethylthio-17-OHP and 3-carboxymethyl oxime-17-OHP-bovine serum albumin as immunogens. The bridge heterologous system was more sensitive than other site heterologous and homologous systems. The minimum amounts of 17-OHP detected were 0.25 and 1.0 pg/tube for fluorescence EIAs using HRP and GOD, and 0.1, 10 and 0.1 pg/tube for chemiluminescence EIAs using GOD, INV and G6PDH, respectively. The reproducibility and correlation with RIA were also studied. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of a neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1987

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone.

Hybridoma clones producing antibodies to 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) were established by using a 17-OHP-bovine serum albumin conjugate as an immunogen. Six representative IgG-class monoclonal antibodies of high affinity (10(8)-10(9) M-1) showed differential reactivities with several structurally related steroids. Two enzyme immunoassay (EIA) systems (fluorescence EIA and micro-EIA) for 17-OHP using OHP 4B2.2.3, which showed the lowest cross-reactivity with other steroids, were established. The micro-EIA system was shown to be applicable to the mass-screening of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1987

[Aplastic anemia and occupational factors in Japanese industries].

Four mail questionnaire surveys were conducted on the incidence of aplastic anemia among industrial workers throughout Japan in collaboration with industrial doctors during a period from 1970 to 1983. The following major results were obtained. 1. Response rates were 55.5% (874/1,574 enterprises) in the first mail questionnaire survey in 1970-1972, 65.3% (294/450) in the second survey in 1973, 49.1% (170/346) in the third survey in 1976-1980, and 76.6% (242/316) in the fourth survey in 1981-1983. There was no significant difference in industrial types among the four surveys. 2. The numbers of aplastic anemia patients newly diagnosed were 145 (112 males/33 females) in the first survey, 21 (16/5) in the second survey, 51 (41/10) in the third survey and 30(24/6) in the fourth survey. Incidence rates per million were 14.7 (14.4 males/15.5 females) in the first and second survey, 14.2 (13.5/18.3) in the third survey and 9.1 (8.6/11.9) in the fourth survey. The rates were almost constant from 1970 through 1980, but the rates decreased thereafter. The rate was higher in females than in males, but the difference was not significant. 3. Incidence rates were high in rubber industry (26.8 per million), paper industry (24.8), and petroleum industry (22.5), but there was no industrial type demonstrating a constantly higher incidence in every survey. Manufacturing industries showed a higher incidence (14.6) than nonmanufacturing industries (11.7). 4. By type of work, non-productive work (67.2%), i.e., clerical (30.8%), administrative (8.9%), technical (7.7%), were the main jobs of 247 registered aplastic anemia patients (193 males and 54 females). 5. Thirty patients had been exposed to noxious agents such as organic solvents (21 cases including 3 exposed to benzene), metals (6), and radiation (1). However, in these cases no causal relationship between exposure and disease onset could be demonstrated. 6. Thirty-nine cases had a drug-intake history before onset of the disease. Drugs given included chloramphenicol (4 cases), other antibiotics (4), antituberculosis agents (8), analgesics (6), and tranquillers (4). The results obtained revealed no positive evidence that occupational factors peculiar to Japanese industries were involved in triggering aplastic anemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A study on the immunologic effects in workers exposed to low levels of toluene-diisocyanate (TDI)].

Forty-three workers exposed to low levels of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) during the process of producing polyurethane forms were examined immunologically for IgG, A, M, and E and serum enzyme activities such as serum angiotensin converting enzyme (SACE), serum lysozyme (SLZM) and glycylproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (GP-DAP). Air concentration of TDI was annually measured in various places of work during the past five years from 1979 to 1983. The results obtained in the present study were as follows. 1. The air concentration of TDI at all places of work was below the permissible concentration level of 0.02 ppm throughout the study period. 2. Subjective symptoms and abnormal findings on chest X-ray considered directly related to TDI exposure were not observed. 3. No remarkable abnormal findings in blood cell counts and in serum biochemical studies could be seen in any of the workers. 4. The serum IgG levels in workers directly exposed to TDI were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than those in workers indirectly exposed to TDI and in non-exposed workers. 5. In the study of serum enzymatic activity, SLZM activity in workers exposed directly to TDI was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than those in workers indirectly exposed to TDI and in non-exposed workers.

Adult↗