The changes in prostaglandins after segmental pancreatic transplantation.
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6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
Biomedical subjects
H Honda
Publications and source records attributed to H Honda.
Information aspects of actomyosin complex.
Actomyosin complex as a representative case of cell motility exhibits an intricate interplay between the structure it maintains and the function it realizes. The correspondence between structure and function an actomyosin complex displays is a one-to-many type. Mechanochemical couplings underlying the energy transduction associated with the hydrolysis of ATP in the complex render the correspondence between the displacement of the medium and the force acting there a one-to-many type. Such a one-to-many correspondence between displacement and force makes the dynamic development informational in the sense that the prior indefiniteness turns into the posterior definiteness with the elapse of time. This characteristic exhibits sharp contrast to the time-honored one-to-one correspondence between displacement and force that is most common in mechanics, whether classical or quantal, in which no information is generated because of a forcible intrusion of exogenous detection of nonlocal character claiming an instantaneous bird's eye view of everything involved. Information generation is due intrinsically to the process of endogenous detection of local character, and the process has to be local because any physical signal propagates at a finite velocity. Actomyosin complex serves as a material example witnessing that detection of local character certainly generates information and leaves itself nonprogrammable.
Actomyosin↗
[Image diagnostics for carcinoma of the biliary tract].
Although it is clear that US is the procedure which should be selected as a method of the first choice to detect carcinoma of the biliary tract, a rational selection and combination of diagnostic procedures are essential for further evaluation on the nature or extension of tumor and its resectability. The next procedure which should be selected after US, in our opinion, is ERCP which can be followed by ERBD, if necessary, because it is useful to know the site and extension of tumor. However, the cases who have the lesion at the upper portion of the biliary tract or which is considered to be unresectable should be converted to percutaneous transhepatic approaches (PTC, PTBD, PTCS) at this stage as a method of next choice with diagnostic and subsequent therapeutic purposes. On the other hand, EUS is also an important first line diagnostic procedure to delineate the lesion at the lower portion of the biliary tract which can be used in parallel with ERCP. In this paper, usefulness of EUS was strongly advocated, because the information concerning the extension and resectability of tumor are also provided with it as it is obtained with CT, MRT and angiography. Cytology of bile, cholecystography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy and biopsy under endoscopic control carried out after percutaneous transhepatic drainage of the gallbladder are the procedures used for the diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma, but they should be only indicated in the cases, in which early carcinoma is strongly suspected, because it cannot provide us any information necessary to make therapeutic plan in the cases with advanced carcinoma.
Biliary Tract Neoplasms↗
Movement of vesicles in cytoplasmic streaming in plasmodium.
The moving velocities of vesicles in the cytoplasmic streaming of a slime mold were measured, in which all of the vesicles passing through a designated window were counted. Vesicles in the streaming are distributed in their moving velocities and the distribution itself varies with time. The mean velocity of vesicles and its standard deviation were found to exhibit a linear relationship, suggesting a possibility that vesicles in the cytoplasm would also be involved in force generation.
Cytoplasmic Streaming↗
Sigmoid colon fistula complicating ovarian cystadenocarcinoma: a rare finding.
A case of sigmoid colon fistula complicating ovarian cystadenocarcinoma is reported. The entity demonstrated a large air-filled, thin-walled cystic lesion during barium enema examination. The differential diagnosis of distended air-filled cystic lesions is discussed and expanded to include colonic fistula complicating ovarian neoplasms.
Barium Sulfate↗
Brain synaptosomal Ca2+ uptake: comparison of Sprague-Dawley, Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
1. K(+)-stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake by synaptosomes was measured with respect to the strain differences between Sprague-Dawley (SD), Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). 2. 45Ca2+ uptake by synaptosomes isolated from cerebral cortex of SD, WKY and SHR was measured at 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 sec time periods. 3. The sequence of both the magnitude and rate of resting and depolarization-dependent 45Ca2+ uptake was SHR greater than WKY greater than SD. 4. The fastest rates of resting and depolarization-dependent 45Ca2+ uptake occurred in each rat during the first 15 sec and uptake rates dropped off quickly in both resting and depolarization states. 5. At 15 sec, there were significant differences between SHR and WKY, while there were no significant differences between WKY and SD. 6. The results suggest that an important alteration in Ca2+ channel characteristics may occur in SHR brain synaptosomes.
Animals↗
Treatment of symptomatic non-parasitic liver cysts--surgical treatment versus alcohol injection therapy.
Fourteen patients with benign symptomatic non-parasitic cysts of the liver were either surgically treated, had alcohol injected into the cysts, underwent deroofing of the cyst or in 5, a cystectomy was done. Alcohol was injected into 6 patients and there has been no recurrence for as long as 5 years and 8 months after the treatment. Liver dysfunction occurred in 3 patients given blood transfusion during the surgery and/or postoperative course, an elevated temperature (over 39 degrees C) occurred in one patient. Adverse effects of alcohol injections were minor and transient. Based on our experience, the injection of alcohol is an effective treatment for benign symptomatic cyst of the liver. When a malignancy is suspected on imaging and/or cytologic studies, or when alcohol administration is ineffective, then surgery is indicated.
Adult↗
Estimation of neuroblast numbers in insect neurogenesis using the lateral inhibition hypothesis of cell differentiation.
Cells in the neurogenic region of an insect ectoderm have two alternative fates, making neurons or epidermis. The fates seem to be determined through a laterally inhibitory interaction among cells. That is, initially homogeneous cells are all competent to differentiate into neuroblasts. Once a cell has differentiated as a neuroblast, it inhibits its immediate neighbors from following this pathway. The differentiation process is simulated by a digital computer in a planar array of polygonal domains similar to a cell pattern. We find that the number of cells differentiating as neuronal precursors in insect neurogenesis is that expected under the hypothesis of lateral inhibition of cell differentiation between immediate neighbors.
Animals↗
Clinical and radiologic features of malignant neoplasms in organ transplant recipients: cyclosporine-treated vs untreated patients.
The radiologic and clinical features of 37 posttransplantation malignant tumors occurring in 33 organ transplant recipients were reviewed to determine the characteristics of the tumors, particularly in relation to previous treatment (or nontreatment) with cyclosporine. The 37 malignant tumors included lymphomas (eight in patients receiving cyclosporine and four in patients not given cyclosporine) and carcinomas of the skin and lips (11), head and neck (five), colon and rectum (three), uterus (two), vulva (two), lung (one), and urinary bladder (one). The neoplasms of the internal viscera and head and neck were relatively advanced when detected. The neoplasms of the skin, vulva, uterine cervix, and urinary bladder were low-grade malignant tumors. Most of the cyclosporine-induced malignant lesions were lymphomas. The lymphomas in cyclosporine-treated recipients were characterized by early appearance after transplantation; more extensive organ involvement; multiple, homogeneous solid lesions without central low density on CT and sonography; and regression after reduction of cyclosporine dose. We conclude that malignant tumors occurring after transplantation are often advanced and that lymphoma induced by cyclosporine has characteristic features.
Adult↗
The extraretinal signal from the pursuit-eye-movement system: its role in the perceptual and the egocentric localization systems.
The accuracy of perceptual judgment of the distance of a moving target tracked at various velocities by pursuit eye movements was examined in relation to the amount of two types of eye movement (smooth pursuit eye movement and compensatory saccade) involved in eye tracking. The perceptually judged distance became shorter as the amount of pursuit-eye-movement component in eye tracking increased. A detailed analysis of the eye-movement data and the size of perceptual underestimation indicated that the underestimation was mainly caused by inaccurate extraretinal information derived from the pursuit-eye-movement system, which underestimated the distance at a constant ratio, irrespective of the velocity of tracking. Egocentric localization was not affected by the mode of eye movements, indicating that the egocentric localization system functions without interference from the inaccurate information from the pursuit-eye-movement system.
Adult↗
A checkerboard pattern manifested by the oviduct epithelium of the Japanese quail.
The oviduct epithelium of the Japanese quail is a monolayered epithelium consisting of two types of columnar cells, goblet type gland (G-) cells and ciliated (C-) cells. We found these cells to be arranged in a checkerboard pattern. Three types of cell boundaries formed between the two different types of cells were examined statistically at various levels of the columnar cells. There was a tendency on the part of the cells to form boundaries between G- and C- cells rather than between two C- cells or between two G- cells. We therefore propose that the pattern is constructed under a rule of maximizing the length of boundaries of two different types of cells owing to the fact that theirs is the greatest adhesion capacity. The role of microfilament bundles running along the apical cell boundaries is also discussed. It is suggested that they are in a tense state so as to shorten total length by contraction.
Actin Cytoskeleton↗
A low CA++ level in effluent as a risk factor for the peritonitis in CAPD patients.
In vitro, some studies revealed the importance of the CA++ level in peritoneal macrophage functions in CAPD patients. We therefore retrospectively studied the relationship between the frequency of peritonitis and the concentration of Ca, Ca++, Interferon-r (IFN-gamma), Interleukin-1B (IL-1B) in the Pd effluent. Samples were taken during a peritonitis-free period. In a group of patients without peritonitis, the mean Ca++ level in the Pd effluent was 2.25 +/- 0.20 mEq/L, while in the other group with frequent episodes of peritonitis (more than one episode per 20 patient-months), the mean Ca++ level in PD effluent was 2.01 +/- 0.13 mEq/L which was significantly lower than the former (p less than 0.05). The mean Ca concentration in Pd effluent was also lower in the group with the high frequent peritonitis than the peritonitis-free group, but not significantly. The level of IFN-gamma is lower and IL-1B is higher in the group with frequent peritonitis than in the peritonitis-free group, although these differences were not significant. These evidences suggest that lower Ca++ level in the effluent of the frequent peritonitis group may impair the peritoneal macrophage function and peritoneal cell-mediated immune function and may increase a risk of the peritonitis. These results may offer a new approach for prophylaxis of peritonitis in CAPD patients.
Calcium↗
Endoscopic diagnosis of catheter trouble in CAPD patients.
In case of CAPD catheter trouble, we applied a new diagnostic approach using industrial fiberoptics. This method was safe and useful to specify the causes of the catheter trouble.
Catheters, Indwelling↗
[An autopsy case of complicated form of spastic paraplegia with amyotrophy, mental deficiency, sensory impairment, and parkinsonism].
An autopsied case of complicated form of spastic paraplegia with many unusual clinical and pathological features is reported. Present case: a 31-year-old male. His parents are first cousins. Pregnancy and delivery had been unremarkable. Though he was mentally retarded, his physical development was normal. He was considered normal until age 10. He suffered from progressive disturbance in gait at the age of 11. He could not walk without assistance at the age of 22. Neurological examination revealed the following findings. He was obese and mentally deteriorated. Spastic paraplegia with increased tendon reflexes and pathological reflexes was prominent. Though slight sensory disturbance was present in the lower extremities, neither involuntary movement nor cerebellar ataxia was observed. In the age of late 20's, dementia, general muscular atrophy, and Parkinsonism developed. At the age of 30, he could not move by himself. He was apathic and indifferent, and showed forced laughing. Muscle tonus was flaccid because of general muscular atrophy and peripheral neuropathy. He died of acute gastric enlargement. Neuropathological findings were characterized by mal-development of the central nervous system (CNS) and the multisystem degeneration. There existed cerebral white matter hypoplasia with hypogenesis of the corpus callosum and ectopia of neurons of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Hypoplasia of melanin pigment was also observed in the remaining neurons of the substantia nigra and the locus ceruleus. Many neurons in the CNS included lipofuscin granules of variable shapes. Some of them showed clusters of several block-like inclusions which were green with luxol fast blue and cresyl violet stain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Effects of endurance run on circulorespiratory system in young children.
Twelve male young children of the experimental group, aged 5 and 6 years, who practiced a daily (except for Sundays) 915 m endurance run as the training program for 6 months, were tested before and after the training period with stepwise increased running velocities on the horizontal flat treadmill. Maximal running velocities, maximal heart rates, maximal oxygen uptakes in terms of body weight, and peak blood lactate concentrations obtained in maximal exertions of the last steps increased to significantly higher levels of the corresponding values than those observed before the start of training. But no significant improvements were found in the control group of 7 male young children who did not take part in the special program for fitness. On the other hand, no significant increases were observed in running velocities, heart rates, and oxygen uptakes equivalent to 4 and 3 mmol.l(-1)LA (4 and 3 mM LA) in both groups. A significant increase of the mean value of maximal oxygen uptake observed after the training period in the experimental group suggests the existence of circulorespiratory trainability also in young children. The most outstanding effect confirmed in the maximal running velocity for the experimental group was presumably mostly due to the increase of aerobic and anaerobic capacities.
Blood Circulation↗
Mechanism of the preventive effect of aminobenzoic acid salt on pancreatic islet B cell toxicity by cyclosporine.
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4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
Demonstration and phenotypic characterization of resident macrophages in rat skeletal muscle.
Using immunohistochemical techniques and a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies that recognize rat cells of the mononuclear/phagocyte lineage, it has been demonstrated that the cells labelled with these antibodies are widely distributed throughout the perimysial and endomysial sites in the rat skeletal muscle. These cells have a distinctive dendritic morphology and form phenotypically heterogenous populations. Double immunoperoxidase staining with the monoclonal antibody and anti-Von Willebrand factor antiserum, which recognize vascular endothelial cells, revealed that most of these resident macrophages are closely associated with microvasculature. The perivascular location of these cells suggests that at least some of the resident macrophages may be pericytes. These observations indicate that the macrophages form an important component of the non-muscle cell population in the muscle tissue, and may be intimately involved in various immunopathological conditions of the skeletal muscle.
Animals↗
[A statistical study of the countermeasures to reduce the maternal mortality based on the relationship between the maternal mortality rate and perinatal mortality rate].
Although both the Japanese maternal mortality rate (MMR) and the perinatal mortality rate (PMR) have decreased remarkably in recent decades, the former is still high compared with other advanced countries. A statistical analysis on the relationship between the MMR and the PMR was performed to investigate this discrepancy. During the period of study, both rates fell by over 50 percent. There were definite statistical differences among the PMR for each prefecture but almost none among the MMR. The prefectures with high PMR remained generally high in the PMR and the prefectures with low PMR also remained low in the MMR. There was no significant correlation between the PMR and the MMR. Both maternal and perinatal deaths due to common causes decreased in number, and there were few regional differences concerning effective measures against them. The leading causes of maternal death which are irrelevant to perinatal death are emboli, bleeding, and some other rare medical complications. Emphasis should therefore be laid upon the early diagnosis and treatment of amniotic fluid embolism apart from measures against haemorrhage. Countermeasures for rare complications are also of great importance.
Embolism, Amniotic Fluid↗