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Biomedical subjects

H Hofman

Publications and source records attributed to H Hofman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Gestational diabetes and screening during pregnancy.

The oral glucose tolerance test is an unreliable test in screening for diabetogenic fetal disease. In diabetogenic fetopathy due to gestational diabetes (White class A diabetes), the insulin content in the umbilical cord blood as well as in the fetal urine is considerably raised. As increased amounts of insulin pass into the amniotic fluid via the fetal urine, the fetal disease can be diagnosed from the amniotic fluid insulin content. In 75 pregnant women with potential diabetes, the blood sugar value was below 160 mg/dL at maximum under glucose loading in 28 patients; it was over 200 mg/dL in 25 patients. However, diabetogenic fetopathy was present in only 14 patients. The endangered and the healthy fetus could be distinguished in each case by amniotic fluid insulin content. The mean amniotic fluid insulin values in diabetogenic fetopathy were about seven times the normal.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1980

Studies with a cold-recombinant A/Victoria/3/75 (H3N2) virus. II. Evaluation in adult volunteers.

A cold-recombinant influenza A virus, CR 22, derived from A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) cold-adapted virus and A/Victoria/3/75 (H3N2) wild-type virus, was tested in adult volunteers. CR 22 induced only low-grade clinical reactions in volunteers who had low titers of serum antibodies. Virus could be reisolated from about one-third of the volunteers, but only at low titers. No revertant viruses were found, and there was no evidence for transmission of virus to unvaccinated volunteers housed in the close contact with the vaccinees. A high proportion of the volunteers seroconverted, and the mean titers of serum antibody after immunization suggest that a high degree of protection is induced by vaccination with liver CR 22 virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Immunochemical properties and therapeutic usefulness of the preparation Igalina produced by Biomed].

In order to obtain higher concentration of IgA-antibodies in commercial gammaglobulin preparations, used for treatment of hipo - and dysimmunoglobulinemia states, there are produced two preparations: "Gamma-A- Konzentrat " of Behringwerke and " Igalina " of Biomed . The first one was examined and described by us previously (4, 12). Now we present our studies on Igalina . The examinations were performed using electrophoresis on cellulose acetate, double diffusion in agar gell using 15 specific antisera to plasma proteins and immunoelectrophoresis with anti-IgG, IgA and IgM. There were detected traces of albumin, transferin , alfa2 macroglobulin, haptoglobin fibrinogen and presence of IgA, IgG and IgM. We also observed the split of IgG line in immunoelectrophoresis at the cathode and to Fc and Fab fragments. The concentrations of IgA, IgG and IgM were evaluated using Mancini method (IgA--920 IU/ml, IgG--1640 IU/ml IgM 2500 IU/ml). Concentrations of chosen antibodies in Igalina were: ASO--1000 U/ml, anti- Staphylolisins 8 U/ml, agglutinins antistaphilococal 1 : 320, diphtheria antitoxins 42 U/ml, agglutinins antithyphi 1 : 20----1 : 640. They were 4 to 100 times higher than in plasma serum. Isohaemagglutinins were not detected. Igalina was used for preventive treatment of children contacted with viral infections or therapeutically for children who demonstrated first symptoms of viral infections of respiratory tracts. Preparation was given 48 times to 40 children. This group included 19 newborns and 10 children with I and IV type of dysimmunoglobulinemia or hipoimmunoglobulinemia . Doses ranged from 0,5 ml up to 1,0 ml/kg body weight. Estimations of IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations in serum and saliva of children (using Mancini method) were carried out before injection of Igalina and on the third and seventh day after injection. Results of studies were statistically evaluated, and besides the lack of significant differences we found some rise of IgA and IgG concentrations. We would like to underline also that in 6 children with hipo or dysimmunoglobulinemia the levels of IgA and IgG reached normal value on the third day after injection of Igalina . Investigations of secretory piece in saliva in the same period were carried out too. In three patients we could find the presence of secretory piece just after injection of Igalina . We did not found antibodies to IgA in patients' sera after treatment. The clinical results of treatment as well as toleration of the drug were good and very good.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1979

[Risk of damage to the organ of vision in low birth weight infants].

The authors presented their own material of years 1974-1977. During this period 8788 children were born, in it 737 (8,3%) with low birth weight (below 2500 g). Retrolental fibroplasia was diagnosed in 4 children, it was 0,5% of newborns with low birth weight, and 0,04% of the all live-borns. The retrolental fibroplasia was diagnosed in: 1) the child born in 27 week of pregnancy with 1000 g of body weight, 2) in two children born in 32-33 week of pregnancy with 1450 g and 1350 g of body weight, 3) in a child born in 31 week of pregnancy with 1600 g of body weight. The infants were nursed in incubators with about 30% of oxygen during 36 to 46 days. Contemporary hypoglycemia, hypoproteinemia, atelectasia of lungs with respiratory insufficiency were diagnosed. In the discussion the authors underlined the role of immaturity and hypoxia of the premature baby, which play the role in the secondary injury of vessel's walls of retina. The disturbancy of carbohydrate and protein metabolism were certainly secondary pathogenic agent sin retrolental fibroplasia. There exists the necessity of oxygen therapy of premature baby, but to take cre of the infant in the incubator does not mean the necessity of oxygen therapy . Even with controlled oxygen dosage in incubator the retrolental fibroplasia may occur as a result of relative hyperoxydation induced by the constriction of retina vessels. The authors underlined the necessity of repeated ophthalmologic examination of premature babies in about every 2 weeks, what makes very early diagnosis possible.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

[Binding capacity of some drugs to plasma proteins of newborns in comparison with adults (author's transl)].

Comparative studies on binding capacity of some drugs to plasma proteins of newborns and adults were carried out. Plasma from the newborn and adult rabbits as well as human from 4 sources: a) from healthy adults, b) from cord blood, c) from 5 days old newborns, and 6 month old infants were used for the experiments. For methodological reasons in the first part of our studies we have chosen: two sulfonamides - sulfamethazine and sulfamethoxasole, chlorpromazine and sodium salicylate. In the experiments two different techniques were used 1) equilibrium dialysis, 2) ultrafiltration. On the basis of the results obtained in animals as well as in human beings it was noted that the degree of drug binding to plasma proteins in newborns was different from that observed in adults, it may be higher or lower according to the drug used. The knowledge of this fact is of great importance, and should be taken into consideration in the calculation of proper dosage of various drugs in the newborns and infants.

Adult↗