Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to H Hirose.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Lack of association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese subjects.

Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is determined by both environmental and genetic factors. The main gene associated with predisposition to IDDM is HLA. Recent studies have described linkage and association of IDDM to the CTLA-4 gene (IDDM12) in Caucasians. CTLA-4 is a candidate gene for T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases because it is a negative regulator of T-cell proliferation. We investigated the distribution of a CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in 110 Japanese patients with IDDM and 200 control subjects. In 84 patients, we also investigated associations between this CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and GAD65 antibody positivity. An A/G transition at position 49 of exon 1 was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. GAD65 antibody was detected using a radioligand binding assay. There was no significant difference in the distribution of CTLA-4 alleles in patients and controls and no difference was observed in prevalence of CTLA-4 alleles when GAD65 antibody-positive and -negative individuals in the IDDM groups were compared. The present study did not support an association between the CTLA-4 gene and IDDM in the Japanese population.

Abatacept↗
PubMed1999

[The benefit of head rotation on pharyngoesophageal dysphagia from three cases of paraganglioma in the parapharyngeal space].

The benefit of head rotation to the affected side is indicated during swallowing in patients complaining of dysphagia with unilateral pharyngeal palsy and/or laryngeal palsy. We experienced three cases of severe dysphagia after operations for giant paragangliomas (two vagal paraganglioma and one carotid body tumor) in the parapharyngeal space. During operation, the transmandibular transpterygoid approaches were applied to ensure better surgical views, and tracheostomy was performed to keep the airway open after operation. In each case, dysphagia during the pharyngeal stage of swallowing was significantly improved with rehabilitation using of this head rotation. We believe that rather than forbid oral intake, using an active bolus with head rotation is important for cases where dysphagia in the pharyngeal stage of swallowing is present with unilateral pharyngeal and/or laryngeal palsy. Repetitive swallowing exercises are important to reacquire the complicated movement of swallowing. Additionally, an active bolus flowing into the pyriform sinus on the healthy side will prevent a relaxation disorder of the cricopharyngeal muscle on that side. Furthermore, compensatory movement of the arytenoid on the healthy side improves dysphagia. We emphasize the usefulness of head rotation during swallowing rehabilitation for dysphagia with unilateral pharyngeal and/or laryngeal palsy in spite of its simplicity.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Expression of reactive oxygen-related enzymes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cultured with high concentrations of glucose].

We examined the levels of reactive oxygen-related enzymes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured with high concentrations of glucose, in vitro. From the results, elevated levels of catalase mRNA and its protein were exhibited in the presence of higher glucose. In addition, the message level of p22-phox as the active center of NADPH oxidase, was slightly increased. Taken together, the endothelial injury induced by diabetes may associated to the elevated level of O2- production. However, the level of catalase as .OH scavenger was mainly increased, cooperatively.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1999

Coronary artery aneurysm associated with fistula in adults: collective review and a case report.

Coronary artery fistulae (CAF) are infrequent congenital anomalies. The combination of coronary artery aneurysms and coronary artery fistulae (coronary artery aneurysm associated with fistula, CAAAF) is extremely rare, and only 50 cases, including the current case, have been reported. Coronary artery fistulae may result in coronary ischemia, congestive heart failure, and endocarditis. Complications of coronary artery aneurysms include thrombosis, distal emboli, and aneurysm rupture. Aneurysm repair, fistulous closure and/or coronary artery bypass grafts are definite treatments for CAAAF. We present here a 72-year-old female with CAAAF. Furthermore, all reported CAAAF cases are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Emergency off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting under a beating-heart.

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on a beating heart has been successfully performed for high risk patients, and is known to be less invasive than conventional CABG using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We expanded the indication of beating-heart CABG in patients requiring emergency coronary revascularization. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed for patients who had undergone emergency CABG on a beating heart (EM-BH group), elective CABG on a beating heart (Elective-BH group) and emergency CABG under CPB (EM-CPB group), between January 1, 1997 and June 30, 1998. RESULTS: Four cases (1 male and 3 females with a mean age of 67.8 +/- 5.4) in the EM-BH group, 67 cases (48 males and 19 females with mean age of 67.3 +/- 7.8) in the Elective-BH group, and 41 cases (29 males and 12 females with mean age of 63.3 +/- 10.4) in the EM-CPB group were analyzed. The number of the grafts was 1.75 +/- 0.50 in EM-BH group, 1.37 +/- 0.55 in the Elective-BH group, and 2.95 +/- 1.07 in the EM-CPB group. The intubation period, ICU stay, and the postoperative hospital stay were significantly shorter in the EM-BH group (6.0 hours intubation, 1.5 days ICU stay, and 11.5 days postoperative hospital stay) and Elective-BH group (6.8 +/- 11.0 hours intubation, 1.6 +/- 1.5 days ICU stay, and 12.7 +/- 5.2 days postoperative hospital stay) than in the EM-CPB group (20.1 +/- 22.5 hours intubation, 3.6 +/- 2.4 days ICU stay, and 21.8 +/- 14.9 days postoperative hospital stay). CONCLUSION: The postoperative recovery period for EM-BH patients was almost the same as that for elective cases of beating-heart CABG, and was significantly shorter than that of conventional emergency CABG under CPB. Selected patients with coronary ischemia can be safely treated by beating-heart surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[The experience of telemedicine transmitting CT image of ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm on the Internet].

The report describes our experience in establishing CT image transmission of ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm to Gifu university hospital on the Internet. In this emergent case CT image transmission to the cardiovascular surgent provided medical informations in detail, which is very useful to decide the operative method and to prepare the assist circulation devices for the operation before the patient get to the hospital by ambulance. The Internet may prove to be major vehicle for telemedicine, consulting the professionals located in remote clinical institute.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of ischemic damage in the skeletal muscle with the use of electrical properties.

We performed experimental and clinical studies with measurement of electrical character in the skeletal muscle to assess ischemic damage and reperfusion injury in lower limbs. In 14 dogs, the bilateral hind limbs were squeezed at the inguinal region to make ischemia and they were reperfused after various intervals. Conductivity (G) of the skeletal muscles in hind limbs was measured with an LCR meter, which is an impedance analyzer. Change of G from 0 to 3 h of reperfusion (Delta3G) was calculated. G was decreased during ischemia and increased after reperfusion. In those whose Delta3G as more than 2.1 mS/cm, serum creatine kinase and aldolase at 10 h after reperfusion were correlated significantly (P < 0.01) to Delta3G. In patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (N = 3), arteriosclerosis obliterans (N = 1), or acute arterial occlusion (AAO, N = 1), G of lower extremities was measured from arterial clamp to declamp. Conductivity markedly increased after reperfusion and serum creatine kinase was the highest in the patient with AAO. We suggested that measurement of G may provide monitoring of ischemic and reperfused phase injury in the skeletal muscle and may be applicable to prediction of the skeletal muscular reperfusion injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Decreasing sarcoplasmic reticular calcium gives rise to myocardial protection--the effect of thapsigargin for myocardial protection under conditions of normothermia].

Deceasing sarcoplasmic reticular (SR) calcium may contribute to the myocardiac protection against ischemia and reperfusion-induced injury. Therefore, using the isolated working rat heart model, we investigated the effect of Thapsigargin (TH)-induced SR calcium diminution on the myocardial protection when added either before onset of ischemia or at time of reperfusion under conditions of normothermic ischemia. Hearts (n = 6/group) from male Wistar rats were aerobically (37 degrees C) perfused (20 min) with bicarbonate buffer. In the experimental protocol A, this was followed by a 3 min infusion of St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegic solution No. 2 (STS) containing various concentrations of TH. Hearts were then subjected to 34 min of normothermic (37 degrees C) global ischemia and 35 min of reperfusion (15 min Langendorff, 20 min working). Reperfusion cardiac functions at 20 min of working perfusion was measured and compared with the preischemia values. STS added to 0.1 and 0.25 mumol/L TH improved recovery of aortic flow after 20 min reperfusion from 47 +/- 3% in the TH free controls to 62 +/- 3, 63 +/- 2% (n = 6) (p < 0.05). There was no difference in creatine kinase (CK) leakage during Langendorff reperfusion between the TH treated groups and the control group. In the experimental protocol B, 3 min of cardioplegia without TH and 34 min of ischemia (37 degrees C) were followed by a 10 min Langendorff reperfusion with various concentrations of TH, then 10 min Langendroff reperfusion for washing out, and 20 min working reperfusion. When TH was added to reperfusate the recovery of aortic flow did not change, 0.5 mumol/L TH group had the detelious effect. Thus, TH, when added to the cardioplegia, enhanced myocardial protection. We conclude that lessened uptake of Ca2+ into sarcoplasmic reticulum by inhibitors of the Ca(2+)-ATPase pump can decrease ischemia and reperfusion-induced injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Reoperation for diffuse supravalvular aortic stenosis with Williams syndrome--extended patch aortoplasty and extra-anatomic bypass from the ascending aorta to the descending aorta in a median sternotomy].

A case of diffuse supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) with Williams syndrome is reported. In this case of severe diffuse SVAS, we performed the diamond-patch aortoplasty in a child. However he has been suffering from residual SVAS. At 9-years old, the myocardial injury was noted by myocardial scintigraphy. Preoperative cardiac catheterization and angiography revealed the hypoplastic ascending aorta and arch with a pressure gradient of 89 mmHg at the distal site from the left subclavian artery. Through only a median stenotomy, an extended patch aortoplasty between the valsalva sinus and distal arch was performed and an extraanatomic bypass from the ascending aorta to the descending aorta was employed using a 10 mm tube graft. We realize this technique is available because this method can relieve the left ventriculus of the pressure load and operate via only median sternotomy.

Aorta↗
PubMed1998

Genetic risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm: HLA-DR2(15), a Japanese study.

PURPOSE: Autoimmunity has been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Several autoimmune diseases are associated with specific HLA DR alleles. These experiments were carried out to determine whether the same HLA DR types that have been reported to be associated with AAA in a mixed North American population are similarly associated with AAA in a more homogeneous group of patients in Japan. METHOD: HLA DR typing was performed by a serologic method on samples of peripheral blood of patients with nonspecific infrarenal AAA in Nagasaki University Hospital in Japan. The frequencies of HLA DR antigens were compared with those of volunteers approximately matched for age and sex from the same referral area. RESULTS: HLA DR haplotypes were determined in 46 Japanese patients with AAA and in 50 patients in a control group. The HLA-DR2(15) antigen was observed in 27 (58.7%) patients (29 alleles 31.5%) with AAA and in 14 (28%) subjects (16 alleles 26.0%) in the control group (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that HLA-DR2(15) has an important role as a genetic risk factor for AAA in Japanese patients, as previously reported in a mixed North American population.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Recovery from arrhythmias in lambs infected with Strongyloides papillosus following worm elimination.

Calves and lambs heavily infected with Strongyloides papillosus develop cardiac arrest by ventricular fibrillation which is preceded by continuous sinus tachycardia and prolongation of the PQ interval during the patent infection. In the present study, cardiac rhythms following anthelmintic treatment were investigated in lambs infected with S. papillosus to ascertain whether cardiac disorders due to the infection are based on a reversible and curable change. Eight lambs were given a lethal dose of S. papillosus. Five of the animals were injected with ivermectin when they developed continuous sinus tachycardia and prolongation of the PQ interval. The other three animals served as untreated controls. In the treated animals, elevated heart rates and PQ intervals began to decrease between 10 and 21 h, then continuous sinus tachycardia and prolongation of PQ interval disappeared within 39 h of treatment. No arrhythmias were detected after the disappearance of sinus tachycardia. Faecal egg counts became negative within 61 h of treatment. Only a few worms were collected from the small intestine at necropsy. The control animals developed ventricular fibrillation by 349 h after infection, having high faecal egg counts and intestinal worm burdens. These results indicate that cardiac disorders generated by S. papillosus infection are reversible and curable following worm elimination.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Serum leptin level: possible association with haematopoiesis in adolescents, independent of body mass index and serum insulin.

1. The obese gene product leptin, secreted exclusively from adipocytes, was discovered to serve as a satiety factor and to play an important role in regulating body weight. In adults, the serum leptin level reportedly increases with the degree of obesity. Leptin receptors are expressed in various tissues, and recent in vitro studies suggest a role for leptin in haematopoiesis. 2. The present study was designed to clarify the relationship between serum leptin and body mass index, peripheral blood cell counts, serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, insulin and cortisol levels in 299 Japanese male adolescents aged 15-16 years. 3. With simple linear correlation, log [serum leptin] showed a strong correlation with body mass index (r = 0.56), log [insulin] (r = 0.36) and leucocyte count (r = 0.22) (P < 0.001 for all). There were also correlations with systolic blood pressure, erythrocyte count, haematocrit and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P < 0.01 for all). Even after adjustment for body mass index and log [insulin], log [leptin] correlated with leucocyte (P = 0.004) and erythrocyte (P = 0.057) counts. Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed log [leptin] to correlate significantly with body mass index, log [insulin] and the leucocyte count (P < 0.005 for all, r2 = 0.399). 4. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical study to show the possible association of serum leptin level with blood cell counts, independent of body mass index and serum insulin. We conclude that these data further support a role for leptin in haematopoiesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Coronary atherosclerosis with dual coronary artery fistulas.

Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is an uncommon congenital anomaly. Bilateral CAFs, arising from both right and left coronary arteries are rare. Myocardial infarction is by far a less frequent complication of CAF than angina pectoris. Ligation of CAF and coronary artery bypass graft were performed in the treatment of coronary artery stenosis with CAF.

Arterio-Arterial Fistula↗
PubMed1998

The obese gene product, leptin: possible role in obesity-related hypertension in adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: The mechanism of the association between obesity and hypertension is not clear. The recently discovered obese gene product, leptin, the levels of which increase in obese subjects, has been shown to reduce food intake and increase sympathetic nervous system activity in animal studies. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the relationship between blood pressure and factors related to obesity, including leptin, in different age groups. METHODS: The subjects were 348 Japanese male adolescents (15-17 years old) and 165 men (40-59 years old) not taking medication for hypertension, diabetes mellitus or hyperlipidaemia. Height, weight, blood pressure, heart rate, plasma glucose, lipid profiles, serum insulin and leptin levels were measured in the morning after an overnight fast RESULTS: Body mass index (BMI), serum leptin level and the homeostasis model insulin resistance index increased in the order of blood-pressure category (i.e. normotensive < high normal < hypertensive) in both the male adolescents and the middle-aged men. In addition, simple linear regressions revealed that both systolic and diastolic blood pressure correlated significantly with serum leptin and the insulin resistance index in both groups. Even after adjustment for age and BMI, the correlation of mean blood pressure with leptin remained in the obese adolescents (r2 = 0.390, P = 0.02). The heart rate also correlated with leptin in the adolescents (r = 0.18, P< 0.001), but not in the middle-aged subjects (r = 0.04). Even after adjustment for age and BMI in adolescents, serum leptin correlated significantly with heart rate. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a role for leptin in obesity-related hypertension, especially in adolescents.

Adolescent↗