[General guidelines for the use of psychopharmaceuticals].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Hippius.
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Lofepramin is a new derivative of imipramine. Its effects and side effects were compared to those of imipramine in a double-blind trial. 49 hospitalized patients, suffering from endogenous depression, were treated for 20 days with 210 mg lofepramin daily and 52 other patients with 150 mg imipramine daily. The results of the repeated psychiatric examinations were documented using the AMP system. Both substances proved to have high antidepressant effects and showed no significant difference in the quality of their effects.
The report contains the results of an examination of 709 patients with catatonia, paranoid, schizoaffective forms of schizophrenia. The study involved an investigation of the form, sex, general amount of psychotic episodes depending upon the time of observation, duration of productive episodes and the intervals between them. The achieved results indicate to a close correlation between the productive manifestations in schixophrenia and affective psychosis.
Since the introduction of medicamental therapies in psychiatry, the electroshock technique has been put aside. After having noticed the fact "figures in hand", the speaker: --Reminds the practical conditions of electroshock, its principal indications during depressions and schizophrenia. --Compares the various convulsive techniques and especially the unilateral electroshock as well as those based on the use of pharmacological agents. --Proposes applicable therapeutical rules divided into six points and meant for "resistant" depressions.
A survey is given from a clinically working psychiatrist's point of view on principal aspects of the development of new psychotropic drugs. The comparison with the other medical branches shows, that clinico-pharmacological investigations and clinical trials play an important role in the development of new psychotropic drugs. 1. The importance of clinical screenings for the development of new psychotropic drugs is stated by means of a comparative analysis of the pre-clinical and clinical screening methods. In this connection, the importance of animal experiments, biochemical and pharmaco-psychological findings is reported. 2. The particular difficulties of characterizing the effectiveness of potential psychotropic drugs are explained based on the problems of placebo effects, of the unspecific influence on psychotropic drug effects and by means of the socalled "main and side" effects of these drugs. 3. The principles of psychiatric ratings and of data documentation are explained with the aid of different examples.
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