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Biomedical subjects

H Henning

Publications and source records attributed to H Henning.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Morphometric studies of the entorhinal cortex in neuropsychiatric patients and controls: clusters of heterotopically displaced lamina II neurons are not indicative of schizophrenia.

Subtle cytoarchitectural abnormalities of the rostral entorhinal cortex have been reported to be characteristic for schizophrenics. A main finding was the heterotopic displacement of clusters of lamina II neurons (which appeared morphologically immature) into layer III. Recent findings suggesting a considerable cytoarchitectural heterogeneity of the normal entorhinal cortex renewed interest in this problem and prompted the question of the extent to which 'aberrantly' located cell clusters are really disease-related. Being blind to the clinical diagnosis, we analyzed quantitatively the amount of entorhinal heterotopias in schizophrenics (n = 31), controls (n = 45) and depressive patients (n = 7). It was revealed that heterotopic cell clusters occurred in schizophrenics and controls with roughly the same frequency (amount of clusters per section). In depressive, there were significantly more heterotopias than in controls (right hemisphere). Our data show that heterotopias are common to the rostral part of the human entorhinal cortex and are not a suitable neuroanatomical marker of schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Nitric oxide synthase-containing neurons in the human hypothalamus: reduced number of immunoreactive cells in the paraventricular nucleus of depressive patients and schizophrenics.

The neuroanatomical distribution of nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons was investigated in post mortem hypothalami of 10 patients suffering from schizophrenia, eight patients with depression and 13 matched control cases. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase containing nerve cells were detected in several hypothalamic nuclei including the medial preoptic region, the ventromedial, infundibular and suprachiasmatic nuclei and the lateral hypothalamus. The vast majority of hypothalamic nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons was found to be located in the paraventricular nucleus. Both magno and parvocellular paraventricular neurons contained the enzyme. A small subset of immunoreactive parvocellular paraventricular neurons co-expresses corticotropin-releasing hormone. The supraoptic nucleus did not contain nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons. Cell counts of paraventricular nitric oxide synthase-positive neurons in controls, schizophrenics and depressed patients revealed a statistically significant reduction of cell density in the right paraventricular nucleus of depressed patients and schizophrenics as compared to controls. The total amount of nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive paraventricular neurons was smaller in depressive and schizophrenic patients than in normal cases. The putative pathophysiologic significance of the reduced expression of paraventricular nitric oxide synthase in depressive patients might be related to the supposed regulatory function of nitric oxide in the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone and arginine-vasopressin and/or oxytocin, which have been reported to be over-expressed in the so-called endogenous psychoses, especially in depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Remarkable beta-endorphinergic innervation of human cerebral cortex as revealed by immunohistochemistry.

Beta-Endorphin immunoreactivity has been localized in 12 regions of the post mortem human cerebral cortex by using a polyclonal antiserum specifically recognizing the peptide. Cell bodies and proximal dendrites of certain cortical neurons (mostly interneurons) were densely populated with nerve endings immunoreactive for beta-endorphin. These 'endorphinoceptive' nerve cells were most abundantly present in the cingulate cortex as well as in the Gyri frontales superior and medius. In other cortical areas they appeared with much lower frequency (Gyri ambiens, semilunaris, parahippocampalis, temporalis). Our data show that the human cerebral cortex receives an endorphinergic innervation which might be of potential interest with regard to certain neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Liver transplantation--preparing patients, early postoperative care and occupational rehabilitation].

Authors summarize the results of liver transplantation first of all in the view of rehabilitation. Role of rehabilitation experts is discussed in the period before and after transplantation. The necessity of information for the patients is specially underlined already from the first raise of the possibility of liver transplantation. They express that after successful operation it is needed for the patients to return gradually to the used activities of everyday life. All the questions of immunosuppressive treatment, hygienic rules, physical activities, patient care at home and work place rehabilitation are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Prophylactic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices: long-term results of a prospective study.

Controlled trials of endoscopic sclerotherapy for the prevention of the first variceal hemorrhage have given controversial results. We continued a previously reported study and randomly assigned 141 patients with esophageal varices and no prior gastrointestinal bleeding to either prophylactic sclerotherapy (n = 70) or no treatment (n = 71). Sclerotherapy was performed until complete eradication of the varices was achieved; recurrent varices were treated with repeat sclerotherapy. The groups were well balanced in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. Patients in both groups who bled from varices received sclerotherapy whenever possible. During a median follow-up of 56 months, variceal bleeding occurred in 7% in sclerotherapy patients and 44% of control patients (p < 0.01). In the sclerotherapy group 59% died, and in the control group 51% (n.s.). In both groups, the mortality rate increased with the severity of liver function impairment. Sclerotherapy was not found to improve survival in patients, irrespective of the etiology of cirrhosis (alcoholic or nonalcoholic) or variceal size (low-grade or high-grade). We conclude that sclerotherapy is a suitable method to reduce the occurrence of the first variceal hemorrhage, but it does not appear to have an effect on survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Outcome after acute myocardial infarction in patients with prior coronary artery bypass surgery.

Little is known concerning the influence of remote prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on the outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, this study evaluated 2,494 patients with AMI of whom 219 (8.8%) had a history of CABG a mean of 7.1 +/- 3.7 years before the index AMI. Compared with all other patients, those with a history of CABG had an increased prevalence of a history of prior AMI (153 [70%] vs 547 [24%]), congestive heart failure (48 [22%] vs 236 [10%]), and angina pectoris (165 [75%] vs 787 [35%]), all p < 0.001. There was no difference in age, but patients with prior CABG were more often men (192 [88%] vs 1,702 [75%], p < 0.001). During the hospitalization for AMI, patients with prior CABG had more recurrent ischemic pain (100 [46%] vs 732 [32%, p < 0.001]), and more frequently developed non-Q-wave AMI (72 [33%] vs 514 [23%], p < 0.01). In-hospital mortality did not differ among patients with or without prior CABG (15 [7%] vs 195 [9%]). At hospital discharge, more patients with prior CABG had complex ventricular ectopic activity on 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (48 of 74 [65%] vs 327 of 797 [41%], p < 0.0001), and radionuclide ejection fraction < 0.45 (53 of 99 [54%] vs 430 of 1,024 [42%], p < 0.01). Among patients undergoing coronary angiography during the first 2 months, multivessel coronary artery disease was more prevalent among patients with prior CABG (78 of 107 [73%] vs 508 of 959 [53%], p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Influence of right bundle branch block on short- and long-term survival after acute anterior myocardial infarction.

The impact of right bundle branch block on long-term prognosis after anterior wall myocardial infarction is unclear. In 932 patients with Q wave anterior infarction, the short- and long-term prognostic significance of the presence of right bundle branch block was analyzed. Compared with 754 patients without block, 178 patients with right bundle branch block after myocardial infarction showed an increased incidence of left ventricular failure (72% versus 52%, p less than 0.001) and increased in-hospital (32% versus 8%, p less than 0.001) and 1 year after hospital discharge (17% versus 7%, p less than 0.001) cardiac mortality rates. The presence of right bundle branch block was an independent predictor of increased in-hospital and 1-year mortality when entered in a multivariate analysis. However, the absence of left ventricular failure identified a subgroup of patients with right bundle branch block with low in-hospital (4%) and 1 year postdischarge (5%) cardiac mortality rates comparable with those of patients with neither failure nor right bundle branch block (1.7% and 4.8%, respectively). In the presence of left ventricular failure, patients with associated right bundle branch block had higher in-hospital (43% versus 14%, p less than 0.01) and 1 year postdischarge (24% versus 9%, p less than 0.01) cardiac mortality rates than those of patients with failure but no right bundle branch block. Thus, the presence of right bundle branch block after anterior myocardial infarction is an independent marker of poor prognosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bundle-Branch Block↗
PubMed1991

Factors associated with recurrent myocardial infarction within one year after acute myocardial infarction.

In a large population of patients (n = 3666) who were discharged from the hospital after acute myocardial infarction and followed up for 1 year, factors associated with recurrent nonfatal (n = 171) or fatal (n = 74) infarction were identified. Also, the effects of combining various end points (recurrent nonfatal or fatal infarction and other cardiac death) in multivariate analyses, a practice common in many small studies that evaluate the predictive-value of various treatments or special tests, was examined. In univariate analyses, patients with nonfatal recurrent infarction did not differ with respect to age or gender from infarct-free survivors, but they more often had a history of previous myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, and diabetes; more severe pulmonary congestion was present on chest x-ray during the admission, and a non-Q wave index infarction was more frequent. Patients with either a fatal or nonfatal recurrent infarction had more angina pectoris during follow-up (55% to 60%) compared with 27% in event-free survivors and 31% in patients who died of other cardiac causes in whom this factor could be assessed before death. In multivariate analyses, historical and clinical prognostic factors were ranked differently for fatal or nonfatal reinfarction and other cardiac causes of death; angina pectoris at follow-up was highly related to recurrent infarction (fatal or nonfatal), along with a history of diabetes, and a non-Q wave index infarction. These factors were not independently related to other causes of cardiac death.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

California↗
PubMed1991

Trends in use of coronary angiography in subacute phase of myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND: Most patients do not undergo acute reperfusion after myocardial infarction, and which of these patients should undergo coronary angiography is still debated. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed the 1-year clinical outcomes and rates of coronary angiography performed as late as 60 days after myocardial infarction in 3,804 patients admitted between 1979 and 1988 and followed in six different centers. Patients less than 75 years old were classified into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups using a multivariate analysis of historical and clinical variables gathered during the first 8 hospital days. Patients who underwent early reperfusion (17%, all after 1984) were analyzed separately. To analyze time trends, patients were compared before and after mid-1984. Mortalities from day 9 through 1 year were similar for the two time periods in the low- (3.3% versus 2.5%) and medium-risk (7.4% versus 5.6%) groups, but mortality was lower for the high-risk group after 1984 (31.6% versus 20.0%). The proportion of patients undergoing coronary angiography increased dramatically in each group after 1984 (low risk, 18% versus 48%; medium risk, 23% versus 49%; high risk, 10% versus 32%, before and after 1984, respectively). Furthermore, a large percentage of patients (more than 40%) in the low-risk group did not have at least one of the indications for coronary angiography recently recommended by a joint task force. Among patients undergoing coronary angiography, the proportion of patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease decreased after 1984, whereas the proportion undergoing mechanical revascularization in the year after infarction increased in all risk groups. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the recent development of noninvasive techniques with high sensitivity for detecting high-risk patients after myocardial infarction, coronary angiography is being performed increasingly in all patients, including those determined to be at low risk for complications based on clinical data. The economic consequences of such a trend could be considerable, and its impact requires careful analysis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Influence of heart rate on mortality after acute myocardial infarction.

Elevated heart rate (HR) during hospitalization and after discharge has been predictive of death in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but whether this association is primarily due to associated cardiac failure is unknown. The major purpose of this study was to characterize in 1,807 patients with AMI admitted into a multicenter study the relation of HR to in-hospital, after discharge and total mortality from day 2 to 1 year in patients with and without heart failure. HR was examined on admission at maximum level in the coronary care unit, and at hospital discharge. Both in-hospital and postdischarge mortality increased with increasing admission HR, and total mortality (day 2 to 1 year) was 15% for patients with an admission HR between 50 and 60 beats/min, 41% for HR greater than 90 beats/min and 48% for HR greater than or equal to 110 beats/min. Mortality from hospital discharge to 1 year was similarly related to maximal HR in the coronary care unit and to HR at discharge. In patients with severe heart failure (grade 3 or 4 pulmonary congestion on chest x-ray, or shock), cumulative mortality was high regardless of the level of admission HR (range 61 to 68%). However, in patients with pulmonary venous congestion of grade 2, cumulative mortality for patients with admission HR greater than or equal to 90 beats/min was over twice as high as that in patients with admission HR less than 90 beats/min (39 vs 18%, respectively); the same trend was evident in patients with absent to mild heart failure (mortality 18 vs 10%, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗