[Microvascular clips and lesions of the vessel wall. Histological investigations on the femoral vessels of the rat].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Heiner.
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An important precondition for the clinical application of the free flap transplantation with microvascular anastomoses is the training in the animal experiment. With some fundamental anatomical observations concerning the vessels of the skin and types of flaps the suitability of different laboratory animals is demonstrated. The technique of the free composite flap transplantation utilizing the abdominal flap of the rat is described. This flap model is not only suitable for test the success of the microvascular suture, but is also useful in cases of special pharmacological, pathological and physiological problems of the free flap transplantation.
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During the last few years microvascular surgery has assumed an increasingly important role in the modern plastic surgery. For persons still learning without much experience a step by step training program for learning end-to-end anastomosis in very small vessels is recommended. The technique of microvascular suture is described using the Arteria and Vena femoralis of the rat.
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During the removal of subcutaneous fat 4 months after free groin flap transfer in a 25-year-old male, the anastomosed artery was also removed for histologic examination. The removal of the artery did not impair flap viability. The considerable narrowing of the arterial lumen caused by extensive hyperplasia of the intima suggested a restriction of arterial function. In addition, the internal elastic membrane had disappeared or was partially intact, doubled, and fragmented. Where sutures were tight, necrosis of the media was found, with heavy scar formation. If the sutures were loose, the media remained intact. The tissue of the flap artery was more heavily altered than the tissue of the recipient artery. This was evidently the result of trauma incurred during preparation of the flap vessels. Functional restriction of the anastomosed artery and secondary flap revascularization apparently occurred in a temporally favorable relationship in this case.