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Biomedical subjects

H Hazama

Publications and source records attributed to H Hazama.

113 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
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Chemical kindling with Met-enkephalin and transfer between chemical and electrical kindling.

The role played by Met-enkephalin (ME) in epileptic seizures was investigated, using 57 ME kindled rats and 10 saline injected control rats. Repeated microinjection of 10 micrograms ME into the right amygdala (AM) of male Wistar rats led to development of generalized convulsions. One week after the completion of ME kindling, 1 or 2 electrical stimulations (200-400 microA, 60 Hz, 1 sec) of the right AM of ME kindled rats resulted in generalized convulsions in 5 rats. The duration of after-discharge (AD) in the first generalized convulsion induced by electrical AM stimulation in the ME kindled rats was significantly longer than that in the first generalized convulsion induced by electrical stimulation in the saline treated control rats (P less than 0.05). One week after the completion of ME kindling, naloxone (10 or 20 mg/kg, i.p.) given 10 min before the infusion of ME into the other 3 ME kindled rats attenuated both convulsive behavior and electrographical seizures. With the progress of convulsive behavior, the frequency of wet-dog shakes (WDS) tended to decrease and was significantly lower after ME injection in the first stage 5 seizures than after the first ME injection (P less than 0.01). These results strongly suggest that ME has a potent epileptogenic effect on the rat brain which is caused by the opioid receptors. There are some differences between chemical kindling with ME and electrical kindling as indicated by the development of the AD duration and the WDS frequency.

Amygdala↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical features and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in eight patients older than eighty years of age.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Most-hepatocellular carcinoma patients are between 40 and 60 years of age, but an increasing number of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is expected in the future because of the increase in life expectancy seen in many countries. Since elderly patients have a high incidence of comorbid illnesses, it should be useful to examine the clinical features of these patients to select the optimal management strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective review of 111 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was undertaken to examine the clinical features of 8 patients older than 80 years of age. RESULTS: In the 111 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, the ratio of males to females was 81:30 and the peak incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was noted in the seventh and eighth decades in males and females, respectively. Of these, 21 (19%) were type "B" [seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and seronegative for antibody to the hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV)], 69 (62%) were type "C" (seronegative for HBsAg and seropositive for anti-HCV), 3 (3%) were type "B + C" (seropositive for both HBsAg and anti-HCV), and 18 (16%) were type "non-B non-C" (seronegative for both HBsAg and anti-HCV). The peak incidences of type "B" were in the sixth decade, whereas those of type "C" were in the seventh decade in both males and females. Patients with "non-B non-C" were common in their seventies. Of the 111 patients, 6 (5 males and 1 female) were older than 80 years at the time of diagnosis and 2 females became 80 years old during the course of follow-up of hepatocellular carcinoma. All but one of these patients were anti-HCV-positive, stage and clinical stage I or II according to the criteria defined by the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan, and underwent transcatheter arterial embolization and/or transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy. Transcatheter arterial embolization/transcatheter arterial infusion or percutaneous ethanol injection therapy was well tolerated in these patients, and the outcome of these patients was good. However, concomitant underlying diseases other than liver diseases made it impossible or difficult to apply an aggressive management protocol for hepatocellular carcinoma in some patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the overall treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in the elderly should be similar to that in younger patients, but may be restricted by the concomitant underlying diseases specific to advanced age.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nystagmus and REM-density during sleep in patients with various brain lesions.

The subjects of this study were 25 patients. Sixteen cases with nystagmus referable to brain stem lesion were divided into two groups; one group was 7 vertical nystagmus (vertical group) and the other group was 9 horizontal nystagmus (horizontal group). Other 9 cases consisted of congenital group (4 cases), cerebellar group (3 cases) and labyrinthine group (2 cases). Normal controls were 8 male volunteers who had no history of particular psychiatric and somatic illness. The results were as follows: 1) Nystagmus observed during wakefulness in all nystagmus groups disappeared during all stages of sleep. 2) The vertical component of nystagmus in the vertical group showed significantly enhanced REM-density compared with that of normal subjects. 3) Both horizontal and vertical REM-densities of the horizontal and labyrinthine group were almost as high as those of normal subjects. 4) Both REM-densities of the congenital group were significantly lower than those of normal subjects. 5) The horizontal REM-density of the cerebellar group was significantly higher than that of normal subjects.

Adult↗